2022-2023学年山西省太原市高三上学期期中质量监测英语试题（解析版）.docx

2022.2023学年第一学期高三年级期中质量监测英语试卷说明：本试卷为闭卷笔答，答题时间120分钟，满分150分（不含听力）。请将第一卷试题答案 填在第二卷卷首的相应位置。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转写到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题L5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。答案写在答题卡上。例：How much is the shirt?A. £ 19.15. B.£9.18. C. £9.15.答案是c。1. What are the speakers talking about?A. Mary's femily. B.A holiday plan. C. A writing assignment.2. Where will the speakers meet?A.At the school gate. B. At the bus stop. C. Outside the bookstore.3. What do the speakers intend to do?A. Decorate the room. B. Fit a sofa into the room. C. Deal with the old furniture.4. How did the boy get home?A. By bike. B. By car. C. By bus.5. What are the two speakers probably?A. Students.B.LibrariansC.Lecturers.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。答案写在答题卡上。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。14. Which word can best describe Lyu's attitude towards the national guideline?A. Favourable.B. Pessimistic.C. Critical.D. Conservative15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. China launches the first pilot area for self-drivingB. Companies carry out road tests of robotaxi servicesC. China's first selfdriving vehicles guideline releasedD. A breakthrough in commercialization of new technology【答案】12.B13. B 14. A 15. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国发布的首个公共交通使用自动驾驶汽车国家指导意见，这是 加快自动驾驶技术大规模商业化并鼓励地方政府制定相关管理政策的关键一步。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段 “The national draft rules on self-driving vehicles are expected to better regulate the whole industry, providing a reference and guidance for local authorities that have yet to issue similar guidelines.计国家自动驾驶汽车规则草案将更好地规范整个行业，为尚未发布类似指南的地方政府提供参考和指导）” 可知，国家自动驾驶汽车指导意见（征求意见稿）可为当地指导方针的很好的参考。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段 “The draft regulation classified autonomous vehicles into three types: conditionally, highly and fully autonomous vehicles, depending on the degree of their autonomous capacity.（根据 自动驾驶能力 的不同，该草案将自动驾驶汽车分为三种类型：条件自动驾驶汽车、高度自动驾驶汽车和完全自动驾驶汽 车）”可知，根据自动化程度对自动驾驶汽车进行分类。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“"Currently, only a few countries have rolled out policies at the national level that support the development of autonomous vehicles,9,said Lyu Jinghong an intelligent-mobility analyst, Lyu added that clear regulations at the national level will encourage local governments and autonomous driving companies to speed up the application of self-driving technology.（智能移动分析师吕景红表示：目前，只有少数国家在国家层面推 出了支持自动驾驶汽车发展的政策。吕景红补充说，国家层面的明确规定将鼓励地方政府和自动驾驶公司 加快自动驾驶技术的应用）”可知，吕景红对国家指导方针的态度是支持的。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段 “China has released the first national draft guideline on the use of self-driving vehicles for public transport, a key move in speeding up the large-scale commercialization of autonomous drivingtechnology and encouraging local authorities to create the relevant management policies,industry experts said.（中国 发布了首个公共交通使用自动驾驶汽车国家指导意见（征求意见稿），这是加快自动驾驶技术大规模商业化并 鼓励地方政府制定相关管理政策中国首个自动驾驶汽车指南发布的关键一步，业内专家说）”后文对其意义 和作用进行具体的阐述。可知，文章主要讲解的是中国首个自动驾驶汽车指南。c项：Chinas first self-driving vehicles guideline released（中国首个自动驾驶汽车指南发布）合乎题意。故选C。第二节（共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分），根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。答案写在答题卡上。Asking anyone who has worked in their yard, you will always be told that yard work is quite the workout! Whether spreading soiLraking（用耙子拢）leaves, or pulling undergrowth, you're guaranteed to break a sweat.16. Even something as simple as planting flowers involves squatting（蹲），which engages your legs forsupport your core muscles for balance, and your arms for digging. 17. Moreover, heavy yard work is a greatway to add variation to your regular exercise program. If you do yard work as a way to burn calories, take full advantage of what the great outdoors have to offer.If you are raking up leaves, change the movement and direction to make full use of your muscles. Rake in front of your body to target your shoulders. Rake both right to left and left to right to work both arms evenly. 18.If you're using a cart to pull yard waste soil or fertilizer, take an extra circle or two around your garden before you set your goods down.19、pull the heavy rubber tube around the yard with you. You'll also have to use muscles to put it awayand wind it up when you're done.Enjoy the outdoors! 20 Fresh air is always uplifting, especially in the spring time. Plus, sunshinehelps boost Vitamin D production,which aids in the absorption of calcium Weed,dig and rake. Try all of these activities, get your hands in the dirt, and include yard work as a part of your healthy lifestyle.A. Instead of using a small water containerB. In addition to raising heart rate and burning caloriesC. Thafs because gardening works all your major muscle groupsD. There are ways to prevent aching muscles after working outsideE. That's just one example of how yard work can give you a workoutF. The yard can benefit you in a way that a regular gym can never provideG. This way, you'll help prevent injuries by avoiding repetitive movements too【答案】16.C17. E 18.G19.A20. F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在院子里干活作为燃烧卡路里的一种方式，本文主要讲述了院子里干活的好 处。【16题详解】根据上句 u Asking anyone who has worked in their yard, you will always be told that yard work is quite the workout! Whether spreading soil, raking（用耙子拢）leaves, or pulling undergrowth, you're guaranteed to break a sweat （如果 你问任何一个在院子里工作过的人，你总会被告知I,院子里的工作是一项相当辛苦的锻炼！无论是铺土， 耙树叶，还是拔灌木丛，你都保证会流汗）" C 项：That's because gardening works all your major muscle groups（这 是因为园艺会锻炼你所有的主要肌肉群）承接上句，说明院子里的工作是一项相当辛苦的锻炼的原因是因为 园艺会锻炼你所有的主要肌肉群。故选C。【17题详解】根据上句“Even something as simple as planting flowers involves squatting（蹲）,which engages your legs for support your core muscles for balance, and your arms for digging.（即使是像种花这样简单的事情也需要蹲着，这需要你 的双腿来支撑核心肌肉以保持平衡，而你的手臂则用于挖掘）" E项：Thafs just one example of how yard work can give you a workout（这只是一个例子，说明在院子里干活可以锻炼身体）承接上句，以种花这样简单的事 情为例，来说明在院子里干活可以锻炼身体。故选E。【18题详解】根据上句 “Rake in front of your body to target your shoulders. Rake both right to left and left to right to work both arms evenly.（在你的身体前面以你的肩膀为目标。从右到左，从左到右耙，使双臂均匀）" G. This way, youUl help prevent injuries by avoiding repetitive movements too（这样，你也可以避免重复的动作来防止受伤）说明从 右到左，从左到右耙，使双臂均匀这样做的好处是可以避免重复的动作来防止受伤。故选G。【19题详解】根据后句 “pull the heavy rubber tube around the yard with you （拉着沉重的橡胶管绕着院子走）" A 项：Instead of using a small water container（而不是使用一个小的水容器）与下句所描述的橡胶管形成呼应关系，说明应该 拉着沉重的橡胶管绕着院子走，不要使用一个小的水容器。故选A。【20题详解】根据后句 u Fresh air is always uplifting, especially in the spring time. Plus, sunshine helps boost Vitamin D production, which aids in the absorption of calcium Weed （新鲜的空气总是令人振奋的，尤其是在春天。另外， 阳光有助于促进维生素D的产生，这有助于钙的吸收）”说明院子给你带来的好处超过了其它健身方式，F 项：The yard can benefit you in a way that a regular gym can never provide（院子给你带来的好处是普通健身房 永远无法提供的）合乎题意。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分） 第一节（共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。答案写在答题卡上。My son and daughter raced ahead, 21 to enter a store for the first time in months during which they had to wear masks and steer 22 of others. We used hand sanitizer（消毒液）and rushed down the pass of canned fbods.lt turned out that this wasn't a physically necessary trip, but a（n） 23 necessary one.Into our shopping cart went two sets of everything on the school Thanksgiving 24 list canned vegetables, gravy packets and boxed mashed potatoes. Instead of picking one item to buy, my 25 kids wanted to give all that was 26 of them. In the check-out line, my kids matter-of-factly told the woman running the register that their school was giving this food to families who didn't have enough, 27 sharing abundance（充足）was the most normal thing in the world, something neither to be boasted of doing nor ashamed of 28Having lived both sides,! believe that's the truth.From the ages of seven to seventeen, my family 29 accepted food donations during Thanksgiving and many other seasons too. I spent my childhood in a rural southeast Texas town where at least 20 percent of households were belowthe 30line,including mine. There were times when the electricity was shut off for an entire week in winterand the phone was 31 for months.More than two decades later, I climbed my way out of that 32 childhood.I have 33 food and uninterrupted electricity but I will never forget the 34 I came from.I still remember the holiday dinners made with donated canned goods and a turkey 35 with the food stamp provided by the government.The memories are so 36 that you can't put a price on them. No matter what the income level, everyone should have the chance to have a full 37 and also a full heart.For me, it's crucial to 38 the help my family received then and to ensure my children understand that there are many people who do not have the 39 and resources we do now. On Monday, my kids walked into the school lugging a large bag 40 donations. In my mind's eye, my seven-year-old self was waiting just there to receive it with gratitude.21. A. excitedB. astonishedC. nervousD. curious22. A. aheadB. backC. straightD. clear23. A. temporarilyB. basicallyC. morallyD. instinctivelyC. price24. A. tradeB. donationD. service25. A. successful26. A. selected27. A. as if28. A. giving29. A. generously30. A. standard31. A. prohibited32. A. tough33. A. potential34. A. civilization35. A. exchanged36. A. precious37. A. mood38. A. appeal to39. A. admissions40. A. worthy ofB. thoughtfulC. skillfulD. forgetfulB. restrictedC. orderedD. requestedB. even ifC. what ifD. only ifB. refusingC. receivingD. postingB. gratefullyC. awkwardlyD. anxiouslyB. securityC. povertyD. districtB. disconnectedC. occupiedD. abandonedB. traditionalC. uniqueD. meaningfulB. unnecessaryC. plainD. plentifulB. circumstancesC. communityD. organizationsB. selectedC. collectedD. preservedB. awfulC. gloriousD. lifelikeB. ambitionC. mindD. stomachB. target forC. pay forwardD. weigh upB. expensesC. comfortsD. insightsB. composed ofC. exposed toD. heavy with【答案】21.A22. D 23. C 24. B25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. C 31.B 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. A 36. A 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者和孩子们一起去超市为学校的捐赠清单买东西，把作者 和其的家人当时得到的帮助传递出去的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的儿子和女儿跑在前面，兴奋地走进一家商店，这是几个月来他们第一次 进入这家商店，在这期间他们必须戴上口罩，远离他人。A. excited兴奋的；B. astonished惊讶的；C. nervous 紧张的;D. curious好奇的。根据本句"to enter a store for the first time in months （几个月来第一次进商店）” 可知，我的儿子和女儿跑在前面，兴奋地走进一家商店。故选A。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. ahead在前面；B. back后面；C.straight直的；D.clear易懂 的，明白的。根据本句“they had to wearmasks（他们必须戴上口罩）”可知，他们也需要远离他人，steer clear of避开。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这不是一次身体上必要的旅行，而是一次道德上必要的旅行。A.temporarily暂时地；B.basically基本上，大体上；C.morally道德上，道义上；D. instinctively本能地。根据后文“ For me, ifs crucial to 18 the help my family received then and to ensure my children understand that there are many people who do not have the 19 and resources we do now.（对我来说，重要的是把我的家 人当时得到的帮助传递出去，并确保我的孩子们理解，还有很多人没有我们现在得到的舒适和资源）”可知, 去超市购物也是一次道德上必要的旅行。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的购物车里放着两套学校感恩节的礼物捐赠清单上的蔬菜罐头、肉汁 包和盒装土豆泥。A. trade贸易，买卖；B. donation捐赠；C.price价格；D. service服务。根据后文“On Monday, my kids walked into the school lugging a large bag 20 donations.（星期，我的孩子们拖着个装满捐 赠物品的大袋子走进学校）”可知，我们的购物车里放着捐赠清单。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我体贴的孩子们不是只挑一件东西买，而是想把他们被要求的东西都给他们。 A. successful成功的；B. thoughtful体贴入微的，考虑周到的；C.skillful熟练的；巧妙的；D. forgetful熟练 的；巧妙的。根据后文“kids wanted to give all that was 6 of them.（我体贴的孩子们不是只挑一件东 西买，而是想把他们被要求的东西都给他们）”可知，作者的孩子很体贴。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. selected选择；B. restricted限制;C. ordered订购；D. requested要 求。根据上文 “Into our shopping cart went two sets of everything on the school Thanksgiving 4 list canned vegetables, gravy packets and boxed mashed potatoes （我们的购物车里放着两套学校感恩节的礼物 捐赠清 单上的蔬菜罐头、肉汁包和盒装土豆泥）”可知，这是清单上要求买的东西。故选D。【27题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：在结账的队伍里，我的孩子们实事求是地告诉负责登记的女人，他们的学校把 这些食物给了那些没有足够食物的家庭，仿佛分享富足的东西是世界上最正常的事情。A. as if好像；B.even if即使；C. what if假使将会怎么样；D. only if只要就。根据后句“sharing abundance（充足）was the most normal thing in the world（分享富足是世界上最正常的事情）”可知，孩子们觉得分享富足的东西是世界上最正 常的事情。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一件既不用自夸做过也不用为接受过而感到羞耻的事。A. giving给予；B. refusing 拒绝；C. receiving 收至lj； D. posting 邮寄。根据上句 u sharing abundance（充足）was the most normal thing in the world（分享富足的东西是世界上最正常的事情）”可知，分享富足的东西既不用自夸做过也不用为接受过而 感到羞耻。故选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：从7岁到17岁，我的家人在感恩节和其他许多季节都很感激地接受食物捐赠。A. generously 慷慨地；B. gratefully 感激地；C. awkwardly 尴尬地；D. anxiously 焦虑地。根据本句"accepted food donations during Thanksgiving （在感恩节接受食物捐赠）”可知，在感恩节接受食物捐赠，作者是很感激 地。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的童年是在德克萨斯州东南部的一个农村小镇度过的，那里至少有20%的家 庭生活在贫困线以下，包括我的家庭。A. standard标准;B.security安全;C.poverty贫穷;D. district限制。 根据后句“There were times when the electricity was shut off for an entire week in winter and the phone was 11 formonths.（冬天的时候,有时会断电整整一个星期，电话也断了好几个月）”可知，那里至 少有20%的家庭生活在贫困线以下。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：冬天的时候，有时会断电整整一个星期，电话也断了好几个月。A. prohibited禁 止；B. disconnected 分离，不连贯的；C. occupied 占据；D. abandoned 放弃。根据本句 “There were times when the electricity was shut off for an entire week in winter （在冬天，有时会断电整整一个星期）”可知，电话也断了 好几个月。故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：20多年后，我从那个艰难的童年中走了出来。A. tough困难的；B. traditional 传统的；C. unique 独一无二的；D. meaningful 有意义的。根据上文 There were times when the electricity was shut off for an entire week in winter and the phone was 11for months.（冬天的时候，有时会断电整整一个星期，电话也断了好几个月）”可知，作者的童年很艰难。故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有充足的食物和不间断的电，但我永远不会忘记我来自的环境。A. potential 有潜力的；B. unnecessary不需要的；C. plain朴素的；D. plentiful丰富的,众多的。根据上句“More than two decades later, I climbed my way out of that 12 childhood. （20 多年后，我从那个艰难的童年中走了 出来）” 可知，作者现在有了充足的食物。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. civilization文明；B. circumstances环境；C.community社区；D. organizations 组织。根据后句 “I still remember the holiday dinners made with donated canned goods and a turkey 15 w汕the food stamp provided by the government （还记得用捐赠的罐头食品和一只火鸡与政 府提供的食品券交换而成的节日晚餐）”可知，作者永远不会忘记自己来自的成长环境。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得用捐赠的罐头食品和一只火鸡与政府提供的食品券交换而成的节日晚 餐。A. exchanged 交换；B. selected 挑选；C. collected 收集；D. preserved 保护。根据本句 “the food stamp （食 品券）”可知，是与政府提供的食品券交换而成的节日晚餐，exchangewith和交换。故选A。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：记忆是如此珍贵，你无法用金钱来衡量它们。A. precious珍贵的；B. awful糟 糕的；C glorious光荣的，值得称道的；D. lifelike栩栩如生的；逼真的。根据本句uthat you can91 put a price on them （你无法用金钱来衡量它们）”说明记忆很珍贵。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:无论收入水平如何，每个人都应该有饱餐一顿的机会。A. mood情绪；B. ambition 追求的目标；C. mind 头脑；D. stomach 胃；腹部。根据后文“ On Monday, my kids walked into the school lugging a large bag donations.我的孩子们拖着一个装满捐赠物品的大袋子走进学校）”可知，每个人都应该有饱餐一顿的机会，所以作者的孩子们拖着一个装满捐赠物品的大袋子走进学校。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：对我来说，重要的是把我的家人当时得到的帮助传递出去，并确保我的孩 子们理解，还有很多人没有我们现在得到的舒适和资源。A. appeal to呼吁;上诉；B.target for以为目 标；C. pay forward 让爱传出去；D. weigh up 权衡；估量。本句 “the help my family received then （我的家人 当时得到了帮助）”可知，作者认为重要的是把我的家人当时得到的帮助传递出去。故选C。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. admissions认可；B.expenses花费;C.comforts安慰;D. insights 洞察力；眼力。根据上句 “ For me. it's crucial to 18 t