福建省福州市八县（市）协作校2021-2022学年高一下学期期末联考英语试题（解析版）.docx

福州市八县（市）协作校202L2022学年第二学期期末联考高一英语试卷（完卷时间：120分；满分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man like to drink?A. Tea. B. Water. C. Coffee.2. What does the man usually do on Sunday afternoons?A. He goes shopping. B. He reads the newspaper. C. He works in the garden.3. When will the match begin according to the man?A. At 4: 00. B. At 3: 00. C. At 2: 30.4. What will the man do next?A. Keep on studying. B. Go to the movies. C. Check out some books.5. Who is the girl talking to?A. Her dentist. B. The police. C. A guide.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完 后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. What impressed the woman?A. The tower. B. The clock. C. The animals.7. What is the man concerned about?A. The cost of the event. B. The lack of warm clothes. C. The traveling time.听下面一段对话，回答第8至10题。probably why so many young people, especially millennials （千禧代）,are into them.Diners see it as a great way to avoid bloating （变胖）J wrote the嶷（每日电讯报写道：“这些菜对保持健康和控制体重很有 用。这可能就是为什么这么多年轻人，尤其是千禧一代，都喜欢吃。食客们认为这是避免腹胀的好方 法。可知，许多年轻人喜欢吃轻食是因为轻食可以帮助人们控制体重、保持健康。故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的 “These changes in eating behavior are connected to deeper changes in how people think about food, says Walter Willett, chair of the nutrition department at the Harvard T. Chan School ofPublic Health, US.（美国哈佛大学陈氏公共卫生学院营养系主任沃尔特威利特说，饮食行为的这些变化与 人们对食物的看法的更深层次的变化有关）”可知，人们现在喜欢吃轻食，与人们对健康饮食的态度发生了 变化有关。故选D项。第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How is eating in space different from eating on Earth?If you send astronauts into space, you have to send along food as well. But what do astronauts eat, and how do they eat it? Scientists take several factors into consideration as they plan meals for space.First, and possibly most important, is nutrition （营养）.16 Providing junk food to eat, such as potatochips, sodas, and pizza, would make the astronauts unhealthy.17 If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it. If you've ever tried to concentrate on something important while your stomach doesn't feel well, you'll know why the scientists in charge of a space mission（task） want their astronauts to eat regularly.The lack （缺少）of gravity （pull） in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space. Meals must be packaged carefully so they won't spill（）西落/溢出）into the cabin （one of the areas inside a spacecraft）. Water or tiny bits of food could get inside a machine or electronic device and damage it. 18 A loose knife bouncing （弹起）around inside the cabin would be dangerous.19 The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated （计算）in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again. 20 Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated （使脱水）.When an astronaut is ready to eat, hot water is added to the meal and warm it up.Despite all these requirements, much of the food eaten in space is actually similar to what you might eat on any given day.A. Taste is also important.B. Finally, weight is an important concern.C. Food packaging is made to be as light as possible.D. Believe it or not, they also have fresh fruits and vegetables.E. Nutrition and practicality（实用）are important things to consider.F. For the same reason, sharp knives and folks are never used on board.G. Keeping astronauts9 physical health is a top task for any space mission.【答案】16. G 17.A18. F 19. B 20. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍决定宇航员在太空中吃什么以及怎样吃需要考虑的几个因素。 【16题详解】上文“First, and possibly most important, is nutrition （营养）是本段的主旨句，说明了营养是科学家在规划 宇航员用餐时需要重点考虑的因素；下文 “Providing junk food to eat, such as potato chips, sodas, and pizza, would make the astronauts unhealthy.（提供垃圾食品吃，如薯片、苏打水和披萨，会使宇航员不健康）”说明 了垃圾食品会使得宇航员不健康；G选项“保持宇航员的身体健康是任何太空任务的首要任务”与本文主 旨一致，且与后文形成对比关系，其中的healthy与后文的unhealthy相对应，符合题意。故选G项。【17题详解】设空句为本段主旨句,根据后文 “If the food that has been provided is distasteful, then the astronauts may avoid eating it. "（如果提供的食物很难吃，宇航员可能会避免食用）说明了食物味道的重要性；A选项“味道也很 重要”中的taste与后文的distasteful相对应，符合题意。故选A项。【18题详解】本段主旨句 “The lack （缺少）of gravity （pull） in a spacecraft also determines what foods can or cannot be eaten in space.”（宇宙飞船缺乏重力（拉力）也决定了在太空中什么食物可以吃，什么食物不能吃）说明了重力也是 宇航员饮食中需要考虑的因素之一；后文“A loose knife bouncing （弹起）around inside the cabin would be dangerous."说明了刀在太空舱到处弹跳是危险的；F选项“同样的原因，锋利的刀和人在船上从不使用” 中的knife与后文的knife相对应，the same reason就是指开头的The lack （缺少）of gravity （pull）,符合题 意。故选F项。【19题详解】后文 “The weight of every object included in a spacecraft must be calculated （计,算）in order to ensure that there is enough fuel and power to carry the craft safely into space and back home again. ” （必须i十算航天告号中每个物体 的重量，以确保有足够的燃料和动力将航天器安全送入太空并返回地球）说明了重量也是宇航员饮食中要考 虑的因素；B选项“最后，重量是一个重要的问题”与后文的weight相对应，且finally与前文也形成了并 列关系，符合题意。故选B项。【20题详解】后文 “Most foods are stored in plastic bags, and often, the foods are dehydrated （使脱水）.When an astronaut is ready to eat, hot water is added to the meal and warm it up. "（大多数食物都储存在塑料袋里，而且这些食物经 常是脱水的。当宇航员准备吃东西时丁就会把热水加到饭里并把它加热）说明了宇航员食物的包装方式；C 选项“食品包装要尽可能的轻”中的packing与后文的stored相对应，light与本段的论点weight相对应, 符合题意。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的佳选项。Half a year before graduation from college, my son began to look for a job. Due to the financial crisis （危机）,fewer companies would like to 21 new staff. My son targeted a company that was 22 to hire only one person while over twenty people were 23 the job.After the interview, only three people could enter the final round, which would later 24 the person that was fit for the job. And my son entered the final round.Unexpectedly, the final interview was unbelievably 25. The interviewer only said to them, "All ofyou are very excellent. Please go home and wait for our 26, We will tell you the 27 in threedays. Good luck to all of you!” On the morning of the third day, my son received a text from the company that he was not hired. We all felt very 28.At nightfall that day, my son suddenly told me 29 on his phone, “Dad, I have been offered the job!”30 the text sent to my son was also part of the test in the interview. Three men received the same textthis morning and only my son's reply was "Thank you"31 the other two said “Goodbye”.Only then did I know that my son's hope came in that way. That is, when you feel disappointed, do not32 to say "thank you“ to the one who disappoints you. Saying thank you shows 33 forothers' work and shows your 34. Therefore, while under the same condition, you will get more35 compared with others!21.A.promoteB.trainC.hireD.discover22.A.encouragedB.allowedC.supposedD.intended23.A.applying forB.taking upC.looking forD.carrying out24.A.meetB.attractC.decideD.represent25.A.formalB.funnyC.simpleD.strange26.A.suggestionB.replyC.orderD.return27.A.resultB.truthC.requirementD.income28.A.annoyedB.puzzledC.disappointedD.shocked29.A.patientlyB.worriedlyC.calmlyD.excitedly30.A.FinallyB.EspeciallyC.ActuallyD.Usually31.A.afterB.whileC.untilD.unless32.A.expectB.forgetC.pretendD.regret33.A.concernB.loveC.admirationD.respect34.A.generosityB.powerC.braveryD.culture35.A.problemsB.strengthsC.challengesD.opportunities【答案】21.C 22.D 23. A 24.C 25.C26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31.B 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的儿子参加面试，在收到让人失望的信息时，仍然礼貌地说 “谢谢”，也因此获得工作机会，作者由此感悟：说“谢谢”是对他人工作的尊重，也是自己慷慨大方的 表现，能让自己比别人得到更多的机会。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于金融危机，愿意雇佣新员工的公司越来越少。A. promote促进，提倡；B.train培训,训练;C.hire聘用;D.discover发现,找到。根据上文“Due to the financial crisis”可知，愿意 聘用new staff（新员工）的公司越来越少。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我儿子看上了一家公司，这家公司打算只招聘一个人，而有20多人申请这个 职位。A. encouraged鼓励；B. allowed允许;C.supposed认为；D. intended打算。根据上文可知，儿子在 找工作，他留意的公司一定是打算招聘员工的公司。be intended to do"打算做”。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我儿子看上了一家公司，这家公司打算只招聘一个人，而有20多人申请这个 职位。A. applying for申请；B.taking up开始从事;C. looking for寻找；D. carrying out执行。根据上文可 知，由于金融危机，愿意雇佣新员工的公司越来越少，所以同一份工作，有20多人申请。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：面试结束后，只有三个人可以进入最后一轮，最后一轮将决定谁适合这份工 作。A. meet 见面；B. attract 吸引；C. decide 决定；D. represent 代表。根据 “the final round” 可知,最后一 轮面试将决定谁适合这份工作。故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出乎意料的是，最后的面试非常简单。A. formal正式的；B.funny滑稽的；C. simple 简单的；D. strange 奇怪的。根据下文 “The interviewer only said to them, “All of you are very excellent. Please go home and wait for our 6可知，最后一轮面试非常简单，儿乎什么都没做。故 选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：请回家等待我们的回复。A. suggestion建议；B. reply回答；C.order命令；D. return回来。根据"go home and wait for”可知，公司要求回家等回复。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：三天后我们会告诉你结果。A. result结果；B. truth真相；C.requirement要求； D. income收入。根据上文ugo home and wait forv和“We will tell you”可知，公司将会通知参加面试者最 终结果。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们都感到非常失望。A. annoyed烦恼的;B.puzzled困惑的；C.disappointed 失望的；D. shocked 吃惊的。根据上文 “On the morning of the third day, my son received a text from the company that he was not hired.”可知，儿子被告知未被录用，所以感到失望。故选C项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天傍晚，儿子突然在电话里兴奋地告诉我：“爸爸，我被录用了！”。A.patiently 耐心地;B. worriedly 担心地;C. calmly 冷静地;D. excitedly 兴奋地。根据下文“Dad, I have been offered the job!"可知，突然得知被录用的消息，儿子感到兴奋。故选D项。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，发给儿子的短信也是面试的一部分。A. Finally终于；B. Especially尤 其；C. Actually 实际上；D. Usually。根据下文“the text sent to my son was also part of the test in the interview."可知，作者和儿子最后得知真相：之前告知未被录用的信息也是面试的一部分。最后弄清真实 情况，用副词actually “实际上”。故选C项。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当天上午，有3名男子收到了同样的短信，但只有儿子回答说“谢谢”，另外2人回答说“再见”。A. after在之后;B.while当的时候;C.until至！J时;D. unless除非。根 据 “only my son's reply was'Thank you'” 和 “the other two said'Goodbye'” 可知，儿子与其它人的回复不 一样，形成对比。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，当你感到失望的时候，别忘了对让你失望的人说声“谢谢”。A. expect期待；B. forget忘记；C. pretend假装；D. regret懊悔。结合上文可知，儿子在收到让人失望的信息 时，仍然礼貌地说“谢谢”，也因此获得工作机会，所以作者感悟，当你感到失望的时候，也别忘了对让 你失望的人说声“谢谢”。故选B项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：说谢谢是对他人工作的尊重，也是你慷慨大方的表现。A. concern担心；B.love喜爱；C.admiration钦佩；D. respect尊敬。结合常识和“fbr others'work”可知，说谢谢是对他人工 作的尊重。故选D项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：说谢谢是对他人工作的尊重，也是你慷慨大方的表现。A. generosity慷慨；B. power控制力；C.bravery勇气；D.culture文化。结合上文，在你感到失望的时候，也别忘了对让你失望 的人说声“谢谢”，这既体现了对他人工作的尊重，也是体现了你的慷慨大方。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，在同样的条件下，你会比别人得到更多的机会！。A. problems问题；B. strengths优势；C.challenges挑战；D. opportunities机会。根据上文可知，儿子在收到让人失望的信息时， 仍然礼貌地说“谢谢”，也因此获得工作机会，所以作者认为在同样的条件下，说声谢谢，能让你比别人 得到更多的机会。故选D项。第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Have you ever been to New York City? There are many exciting things to see. One sight is the famous Brooklyn Bridge. It 36 (build) more than 100 years ago. Another is the Empire State Building. It is one of the 37 (tall) buildings in the world. You can take a lift ride to the top of the building. From there, you can see for miles.One of the best things 38 (see) in New York is the Statue of Liberty. It stands on Liberty Island in New York Harbor. The best way to see the statue is to go to Battery Park, 39 where you can take a boat to Liberty Island. The Statue of Liberty is 151 feet in 40 (high). It was given to the United States by France in 1884. The statue is a woman 41 (hold) a torch, and she stands for freedom.Since 1886, millions of people42 (visit) the Statue of Liberty. For many people 43 came here by ship from other countries, the Statue of Liberty 44 (be) the first thing they saw. It is45 important symbol of America.【答案】36. was built37. tallest38. to see39. from40. height41. holding42. have visited43. who#that44. was 45. an【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了纽约的几个著名景点一一布鲁克林大桥、帝国大厦和自由女 神像。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：它建于1。0多年前。根据时间状语more than 100 years ago可知，句子时态用一般 过去时。主语it和build之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was。故填wasbuilto【37题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：另一个是帝国大厦，它是世界上最高的建筑之一。结合“in the world”可知句 子符合“oneof+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”结构。故填tallest。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：纽约最值得一看的景点之一是自由女神像，它矗立在纽约港的自由岛上。形容词 最高级修饰名词，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to see。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：参观这座雕像最好的方式是去炮台公园，从那里你可以乘船去自由岛。本句为“介词+ 关系词”引导的非限定性定语从句，句中先行词为Battery Park,结合句意可知，表示“从炮台公园可以乘 船去自由岛”，所以用介词from。故填from。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：自由女神像高151英尺，1884年由法国赠送给美国。作介词的宾语，所以用名词height,表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。故填height。41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这座雕像是一个手持火炬的女人，她代表着自由。句子谓语动词是is,空格处填 入非谓语动词，名词woman与hold之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填holding。【42题详解】考查时态。句意：自1886年以来，数百万人参观了自由女神像。根据时间状语Since 1886可知，句子用现 在完成时态，主语是millions of people,助动词用have。故填have visitedo【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：对于许多从其他国家坐船来到这里的人来说，自由女神像是他们看到的第一件东 西。句中先行词为people,指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/thato【44题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：对于许多从其他国家坐船来到这里人来说，自由女神像是他们看到的第一 件东西。根据前后句子的时态可知，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为专有名词，谓语动词 用第三人称单数was。故填was。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意:它是美国的一个重要象征。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，important以元音音素开头的，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。第四部分课内知识（共三节，满分25分）第一节（共7小题；每小题1分，满分7分）根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。retire incomes escape seeksufficient external desire46. These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed, but the strong wish to explore the universe never die.47. Dr Lin Qiaozhi did not stop doing her job until the day she died.48. We shouldn't judge the value of something just based on its outside appearance.49. Will scientists figure out a way to store as much food and water as possible for the long journey to other planets?50. After visiting the southern part of Yunnan, I have to admit that it is the best region of China to gel away From the cold winter.51. Although Henry had gone to the American consulate to ask for help, he had not received any.52. According to a recent survey, the majority of doctors believed their money that they earned from work did notmatch how hard they worked.【答案】46. desire47. retire 48. external49. sufficient50. escape 51.seek52. incomes【解析】【46题详解】考查名词。句意：这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的强烈愿望却永不消逝。strong wish 强烈的愿望，与名词desire “渴望，欲望”含义相一致。故填desire。【47题详解】考查动词。句意：林巧芝医生直到去世的那一天都没有停止她的工作。stop doing her job停止她的工作， 与动词retire “退休”含义相一致。故填retire。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们不应该仅仅根据外表来判断事物的价值。outside外部的，与形容词external "外 部的”含义相一致。故填external。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：科学家们会想出一种方法来储存尽可能多的食物和水，以备去往其他星球的长途旅行 之需吗？ as muchas possible尽可能多的，与形容词sufficient “足够的；充分的”含义相一致。故填 sufficiento50题详解】考查动词。句意：在参观了云南南部之后，我不得不承认它是中国最好的远离寒冷冬天的地区。get away from远离，逃脱，与动词escape “逃脱”含义相一致。故填escape。【51题详解】考查动词。句意：虽然亨利去了美国领事馆寻求帮助，但他没有得到任何帮助。ask for请求，寻求，与动 词seek “寻求”含义相一致。故填seeko【52题详解】考查名词。句意：根据最近的一项调查，大多数医生认为他们从工作中赚的钱与他们工作的努力程度不匹 配。money that they earned from work他们从工作中赚的钱，与名词income “收入”含义相一致。故填 incomes o第二节（共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分）根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个单词为多余单词。sharp hesitate precious otherwise earn a livingrecycle select assist carry on indeed53. During the gold rush, some Chinese opened up shops and restaurants in China