湖南省长沙市中南博才高级中学等学校联考2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题(含听力）（解析版）.docx

2022-2023学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What docs the woman want to drink?A. Water.B. Tea.C. Coflee.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: Coffee as always or would you like to try some of our new tea, Mrs. William?W: I'd love to, Ed, but I've been taking pills recently. So water is fine. Thanks.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件杳看Where is Peter now most probably?A. In the study.B. In the kitchen.C. In the bathroom.【答案】C【解析】【详解】W: Peter is not in his study. Did you see him, honey?M: Oh, he accidentally got some sticky food on his head and now he is taking a shower.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is the weather like now probably?A. Cold.B. Warm.C. Hot.【答案】C【解析】【原文】 W: You have kept the temperature too low in this room. You might get a cold. Just make it a little warmer.M: In a moment, mom. I nearly melted down outside. I really need some cool air now.4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the man think of the class?A. Inspiring.B. Outdated.C. Practical.【答案】B【解析】的）”可知，自我意识是好的特性。故选D项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “ A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: You're just saying that to make me feel good, I know it's not truc.（一个害羞的人可能会用这样 一句话来回应表扬：“你只是为了让我感觉良好，我知道这不是真的。“）"可知，害羞的 人觉得表扬不是真的。故选B项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 “The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.（我们越了解自己，就越容易抓住机会过上充实充实 的生活）”可知，害羞会阻碍我们成功。故选A项。DFor 234 years, the bald eagle（白头鹫）has been an official symbol of the U.S. It is, after all, the national animal. But in May, 2016, the former President Barack Obama signed a law naming the bison （野牛）the national mammal. Since then, the eagle has had to share its perch.The North American bison has long been a symbol of the West. "No other native animal tells America's story better. It is a long-lasting symbol of power, Native American culture, and the Western wildness. At one time, tens of millions of bison lived in North America. For Native American communities, bison were a source of food and clothing. Bison were at the very heart of their traditional way of life,says Missouri congressman William Lacy Clay Jr.That way of life changed in the mid-1800s. People began to travel west and hunt bison. Some hunted fbr the same reason as Native Americans did. But others killed bison for sport. In 1894, it became illegal to kill bison. But it was almost too late. By the early 1900s, fewer than 1,000 wild bison remained in America.Some people realized the animals needed to be saved. President Theodore Roosevelt, William Hornaday the first director of the Bronx Zoo, in New York City and others formed the American Bison Society. The group was to bring back the bison. Native American tribes and locals also joined the fight. By the mid-1930s, bison were no longer in danger.Today, there are about 500,000 North American bison. They live in all 50 states. "Only about 30,000 of those animals arc living as truly wild bison.Othcrs live on protected lands or in zoos,“ says Pat Thomas, the associate director of the Bronx Zoo.Thomas says naming the bison the national mammal was an important step in making sure the animal is well protected. *vThis recognition is beginning to complete the circle,“ he says, <4from a time when there were millions of wild bison, to when bison were hunted until they nearly died out, to the beginning of the recovery.32. What does the underlined word “perch”in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Story.B. Food.C. High place.D. Famous name.33. What can we infer from William's words?A. Bison have become popular worldwide.B. The bison plays an important role in America.C. Bison were protected well in North America.D. The bison is far more important than the eagle.34. What did the American Bison Society do in the mid-1930s?A. It brought back bison to the Bronx Zoo.B. It fought with Native American tribes.C. It introduced a new law on bison.D. It succeeded in saving bison.35. What did Thomas think of the May law on bison?A. He supported it.B. He was against it.C. He was surprised at it.D. He thought it was too late.【答案】32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。2016年5月，前总统巴拉克奥巴马签署了一项法律，将野 牛命名为国家哺乳动物。文章回顾了野牛在美国历史上重要作用，它是如何成为濒危动物 的以及人们为拯救野牛所做的努力和所取得的成就。【32题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段的句子“For 234 years, the bald eagle has been an official symbol of the U.S. It is, after all, the national animal. But in May, 2016,the former President Barack Obama signed a law naming the bison the national mammal.（234 年来，秃鹰一直是美国的官方象征。 毕竟，它是国家动物。但2016年5月，前总统巴拉克奥巴马签署了一项法律，将野牛命 名为国家哺乳动物）”可知，在美国，从2016年5月开始，野牛和秃鹰一样，被命名为国 家动物，成为美国的官方象征，享有很高的地位，由此可知，划线单词perch意为“很高 地位”。故选C项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 William 所说的话"No other native animal tells America's story better. It is a long-lasting symbol of power, Native American culture, and the Western wildness. At one time, tens of millions of bison lived in North America. For Native American communities, bison were a source of food and clothing. Bison were at the very heart of their traditional way of life（没有其他本土动物比它更能讲述美国的故事。它是权力、印第安文化和西部野性的长 久象征。曾经有几千万头野牛生活在北美。对印第安人来说，野牛是食物和衣服的来源。 野牛是他们传统生活方式的核心）”，强调了野牛在美国历史上的重要作用。故选B项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“President Theodore Roosevelt, William Hornaday the first director of the Bronx Zoo, in New York City and others formed the American Bison Society.The group was to bring back the bison. Native American tribes and locals also joined the fight. By the mid-1950s, bison were no longer in danger.（西奥多罗斯福总统、威廉霍纳迪纽约市布朗克斯动物园的第一任主任一一和其他人组成了美国野牛协会。这个小组要把野牛带 回来。美洲土著部落和当地人也加入其中。到20世纪3（）年代中期，野牛不再处于危险之 中）”可知，由于美国野牛协会的努力，到20世纪30年代中期时，野牛不再是濒危动物， 也就是说，美国野牛协会成功拯救了野牛。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子“Thomas says naming the bison the national mammal was an important step in making sure the animal is well protected.（托马斯说,将野牛命名为国家哺 乳动物是确保这种动物得到良好保护的重要一步）”可以推论出，托马斯是赞成将野牛命名 为国家哺乳动物这一法律的。故选A项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两 项为多余选项。Everyone has moments of fbrgetfiilness （健忘）from time to time, especially when life gets busy. 36, having a poor memory can be frustrating. I lowever, research has shown that thereare ways to improve your memory.Get enough sleepSleeping well helps make episodic memories stronger. 37、especially about learningmotor skills, such as learning to play a musical instrument or ride a bike. Having a fiill night's sleep soon after gaining a new skill helps strengthen the processes involved.Believe to rememberPositive thinking appears to improve memory performance. Researchers found they could improve the performance of people aged 60 and above in memory tests by presenting them with positive age-related words such as “wise", and “sharp-witted”.38. Brain scans have shown differences in activity levels in brain regions, accordingto whether individuals believe they have good recall abilities or not.39Memories can be weakened if the brain doesn't have enough downtime to strengthen them. More than a century ago, German scientists showed that people performed almost twice as well in memory tests if they took breaks.Stay social40. US scientists who asked people in their 50s and 60s to do memory tests everyother year found there is a slower decline in recall abilities of the most sociable persons. Having good friends, volunteering and other forms of social engagement also protect memory.A. Take a breakB. Stay mentally activeC. Having an active social life delays memory loss as we ageD. Poor sleep is thought to have a significant effect on memoryE. Giving others words such as “fbrgettable" and "confUsed“ weakened their performance F. While this can be a completely normal phenomenonG. There is evidence that sleep plays an important role in strengthening memories【答案】36. F 37. G 38. E 39. A 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种可以增强记忆力的方法。【36题详解】根据上文 “Everyone has moments of fbrgelfiilness （健忘）from time to time, especially when life gets busy.（每个人都有健忘的时候，尤其是当生活变得忙碌的时候。）”可猜测，下文 要对这一现象进行描述分析。F选项 “While this can be a completely normal phenomenonn （这可能是一个完全正常的现象）符合题意，故选F。【37题详解】根据前文 u Sleeping well helps make episodic memories stronger.（良好的睡眠有助于增强情 景记忆”可知，划线句也是讲述睡眠对于记忆力的好处。G选项"There is evidence that sleep plays an important role in strengthening memories n（有证据表明睡眠在加强记忆方面起 着重要的作用）符合题意，故选G。【38题详解】根据上文 “improve the performance of people aged 60 and above in memory tests by presenting them with positive age-related words such as "wise", and "sharp-witted”.（给 60 岁及以上老人 一些与年龄相关的积极词汇，如“聪明的”、“机智的”，可以提高他们在记忆测试中的 表现。）”以及后文 “ Brain scans have shown differences in activity levels in brain regions, according to whether individuals believe they have good recall abilities or not.（大脑扫描显示， 根据人们是否相信自己有良好的回忆能力，大脑区域的活动水平有所不同。）”可知，划线 句描述的是消极词汇对老人记忆力的影响。E选项“Giving others words such as “fbrgettable” and ttconfused weakened their performance” （给其他人诸如“被遗忘的”和“困惑的”这样的词会削弱他们的表现）符合题意，故选E。【39题详解】根据上文 u Memories can be weakened if the brain doesn't have enough downtime to strengthen them.（如果大脑没有足够的休息时间来强化记忆，记忆就会被削弱。）”可知，本段讲的 是休息对于记忆力的作用。A选项“Take a break”（休息一下）符合题意，故选A。【40题详解】根据下 文 44Having good friends, volunteering and other forms of social engagement also protect memory.（结交好朋友、参加志愿活动和其他形式的社会活动也能保护记忆力。）”可知， 本段讲述的是参加活动对于记忆力的影响。C选项“Having an active social life delays memory loss as we agen（活跃的社交生活可以延缓我们年老时的记忆丧失）符合题意，故 选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。Correa and Disley went into their car after dinner in a restaurant on a dark night. As they prepared to 4its parking lot, a blue Honda car with covered 42 crossedtheir path. "Yo," Correa shouted, "That's that car!”Earlier that day Disley had mentioned the news about a 43 young girl in theirneighbouring community. The car that passed them was the same as the one used in her kidnapping.Correa decided to 44 the car in an effort to see its license plate number. The Honda immediately sped up but Correa wouldn't lose it, so he pulled ahead, trying to 45 Their car's high beams flashed on the driver and they could see him forcing a girl's head 46 in the back, as if trying to hide her. Disley was crazily 47 their situation to the operator of 911. "It's him!” she yelled into the phone. "The kidnapper!''48, the operator asked, “The blue Honda?” “Yes, it'sTo avoid an oncoming car, Correa had to step on the brake 49 and their car lost control and went 50 the road. The Honda disappeared in the distance. But 51 Dislcy's directions, the policemen 52 the path the kidnapper was taking and set up a roadblock on the highway, 53 the car soon after. The kidnapper was caught. The girl was found crouched in the back seat, terrified but 54 "It felt like we won the lottery,“ Disley said when hearing the news, “The feeling of knowing she's safe because of us is beyond 5541. A. leaveB. approachC. closeD. check42. A. doorsB. lightsC. windowsD. wheels43. A. injuredB. sickC. missingD. scared44. A. hitB. stopC. reachD. follow45. A. give it awayB. let it outC. work it outD. cut it off46. A. upB. downC. outD. away47. A. showingB. rcadingC. dcscribingD. whispering48. A. ConfusedB. FrightenedC. ShockedD. Inspired49. A. gcntlyB. carcfiillyC. hcavilyD. slowly50. A. alongB. ofifC. overD. by51. A. regardless ofB. instead ofC. rather thanD. thanks to52. A. figured outB. spelled outC. cut outD. set out53. A. delayingB. trappingC. ruiningD. crashing54. A. unhannedB. disappointedC. joyfiilD. dead55. A. recognitionB. explanationC. hopeD. doubt【答案】41. A42. C 43. C 44. D 45. D 46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C50. B 51. D 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Correa和Disley夫妇俩饭后离开饭店的时候，偶遇绑架犯所开 的车，从而进行追踪。他们协助警察，最后成功捕获绑架犯和解救了被绑架的女孩。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们准备离开停车场时，一辆窗户被遮住的蓝色本田汽车从 他们面前穿过。A. leave离开;B. approach靠近；C. close关闭;D. check检查。根据上文u Correa and Disley went into their car after dinner in a restaurant on a dark night. ” 可知他们当 时吃完了晚餐，准备开车离开。故选A。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们准备离开停车场时，一辆窗户被遮住的蓝色本田汽车从 他们面前穿过。A. doors n；B. lights灯;C. windows窗户;D. wheels轮子。根据上文“a blue Honda car with coveredM结合后文车上有被绑架的女孩，可推知车的窗户被遮住了，防 止外面的人看到里面的情况。故选C。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天早些时候，Disley提到了他们附近社区一个失踪的年轻 女孩的新闻。A. injured受伤的；B. sick生病的；C. missing失踪的;D. scared害怕的。根 据后文 “ The girl was found crouched in the back seat, terrified but 14 可知是提到 一个女孩失踪的新闻。故选C。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Correa决定跟踪那辆车，看看它的车牌号码。A. hit打击；B.stop 停止；C. reach 到达;D. fbllow 跟随，跟踪。根据后文"the car in an effort to see its license plate numbern为了看到这辆车的车牌号，Correa决定跟踪那辆车。故选D。【45题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：本田车立即加速，但Correa不愿跟丢它，所以他把车开到前 面,试图拦下它。A. give it away 送人;B. let it out 放手;C. work it out 解决;D. cut it off 切断。根据上文 “The Honda immediately sped up but Correa wouldn't lose it, so he pulled ahead, trying tov可知Correa为了不跟丢这辆车，把车停在了它前面，切断了它的去路。故 选Do【46题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们车里的远光灯照射在司机身上，他们看到他把一个女孩的 头压在后面，好像想把她藏起来。A. up在之上;B. down在下面;C. out离开；D.away离去。根据后文“as if trying io hide her”可推测绑匪把女孩的头压在后面，好像想把 她藏起来。故选【47题详解】考杳动词词义辨析。句意：Disley ZI向911接线员描述他们 情况。A. showing展示；B. reading 阅读；C. describing 描述；D. whispering 低语。结合后文“their situation to the operator of911 ”可知是描述当时的情况。故选C。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接线员很困惑，问道：“蓝色的本田？ " A. Confused困惑 的；B. Frightened害怕的；C. Shocked震惊的；D. Inspired受到鼓舞的。根据后文“The blue Honda?”可知接线员反问是不是蓝色的本田，说明很困惑。故选A。【49题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了避开迎面驶来的汽车，Correa不得不猛踩刹车，他们的车 失去了控制，冲出了道路。A. gently温柔地：B. carcfUHy仔细地；C. heavily沉重地，严重 地；D. slowly 缓慢地。根据上文“To avoid an oncoming car” 以及后文 “and their car lost control”可知因为猛踩刹车，所以车失控了。故选C。【50题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：为了避开迎面驶来的汽车，Correa不得不猛踩刹车，他们的车 失去了控制，冲出了道路。A. along沿着;B.ofT脱离;Cover超越；D. by借助。根据上 文“their car lost control and went”可知车子失控冲出了道路，go off the road这里理解为“偏离道路，驶出道路”。故选B。51题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：但多亏了 Disley的指引，警察找到了绑匪的路线，并在高速公 路上设置了路障,很快就把车困住了。A. regardless of不管;B. instead of而不是;C. rather than 而不是;D. thanks to 多亏,由于。根据后文 “Disley's directions, the policemen”警察 能找到绑匪的路线多亏了 Disley的指引。故选D。【52题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但多亏了 Disley的指引，警察找到了绑匪的路线，并在高速公 路上设置了路障，很快就把车困住了。A. figured out弄清楚；B. spelled out拼出;C. cut out 切断；D. set out出发。根据后文uthc path the kidnapper was takingM指弄清楚绑匪走的哪条 路，figure out符合语境。故选A。【53题详解】考杳动词词义辨析。句意：但多亏了 Disley的指引，警察找到了绑匪的路线，并在高速公 路上设置了路障,很快就把车困住了。A. delaying延迟;B. trapping使陷入困境;C.ruining 毁灭；D. crashing 碰撞。根据上文"set up a roadblock on the highway,可知设置 了 路障，把绑匪的车困住了。故选B。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女孩被发现时蜷缩在后座上，吓坏了，但没有受伤。A.unharmed没有受伤的;B. disappointed失望的;C. joyful快乐的；D. dead死去的。根据上 文 “The girl was found crouched in the back seat, terrified but” but 表示转折,说明女孩只是 受了惊讶，没有受伤，也和后文“she's safe”对应。故选A。【55题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：“感觉就像我们中了彩票一样，" Disley在听到这个消息时 说，“知道她因为我们而安全了，这种感觉是无法解释的。" A. beyond recognition无法辨 认，面目全非；B. beyond explanation难以言表，难以解释；C. beyond hope希望渺茫；D. beyond doubt毫无疑问。Disley知道这女孩因为自己的帮助而安全的这种感觉难以言表， 难以解释。beyond explanation符合语境。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Li Ziqi, 56lives in a village in Sichuan Province, is famous fbr her 57 (attract) videos of