2022-2023学年广东省惠州市博罗县高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

博罗县2022-2023学年度第一学期高二期中学科质量检测英语试题（满分150分测试时间120分钟）第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThe protected lands of the National Parks are some of the most amazing destinations within the United States to view some spectacular pieces of nature. Many of these parks have fun family-friendly activities, making them great destinations for holidays and summer break.Olympic National Park, WAOlympic National Park is a great deslinacion for families to explore the wild beauty. A（ （his park, visitors will find beautiful beaches, a rain forest, mountains and more. Children will love the wild coasiline, with amazing beaches, and a lot of fascinating sea life. The whole family will love the many hiking trails, the wiki beauty of the beaches throughout the park, and the wildlife within the forest and mountains.Yellowstone National Park, VVYYellowstone National Park is the nation's first national park. Visitors can start at one of the Visitor Centers to learn about the abundant wildlife of Yellowstone. Children will love keeping an eye out for elk and bison while driving and hiking through the park.Cape Hatteras National Seashore, NCLocated on North Carolina's Outer Banks, the Cape Hatteras National Seashore is an amazing destination for recreating, relaxing and much more. The seashore has many beautiful beaches for the whole family to explore and enjoy. Visitors can spend vacation time searching for shells, birding, kayaking, hiking and more. The Outer Banks are also an excellent spot to go windsurfing, especially on Hatteras Island.Glacier National Park, MTGlacier National Park was （he tenth national park created in the nation. The park offers visitors （he opportunity to explore the amazing wilderness of Montana, through biking, hiking, camping, backpacking, boating and more. The best time of year to visit is the early summer, the region is snowy in the winter and hot in the summer.1. What can you do in Olympic National Park?A. Visit the park by car.B. Go boating in the park.大）”符合语境，旦与卜文的观点44parents influence their children more than anyone else.（父母对孩子的影响比 任何人都大）” 一致。故选C项。【17题详解】根据下文“What happens during those early years can influence children fbr the rest of （heir lives. This includes some eating and exercise habits. Children are very careful, even at a young age.（早年发生的事情会影响孩 了们的 余生。这包括些饮食和锻炼习惯。孩子们很小心，即使在很小的时候）”可知，此段主要表达的内容是“孩 子早年发生的事情对于孩子养成的习惯，具有重大的影响。”由此可知，F项"Irs easy fbr the children to fbrm their healthy habits when they are young.（孩子们从小养成健康的习惯很容易）”符合语境,是对于本段内容的 概括。故选F项。【18题详解】根据上文"Il's easy fbr the children to form their healthy habits when they are young.What happens during those early years can influence children for the rest of their lives. This includes some eating and exercise habits. Children are very careful, even at a young age.（孩子们从小养成健康的习惯很容易。早年发生的事情会影响孩子们的余 生。这包括一些饮食和锻炼习惯。孩子们很小心，即使在很小的时候）”可知，孩子们从小养成健康的习惯 容易，因为他们会观察和模仿最亲近的人的行为。由此可知，G项“Children watch what others do carefully and imitate the behaviors of those closest to them.（孩子们仔细观察别人的所作所为，模仿最亲近的人的行为）”与 上文是因果关系。故选G项。19题详解】:文“Let your children see you taking care of your own physical health by eating fruit and vegelables.（让你的孩 子看到你通过吃水果和蔬菜来照顾自己的身体健康）”中的eating fruit and vegetables与E项“This can be helpful to teach your children to form good eating habits.（这有助于教你的孩子养成良好的饮食习惯）”中的good eating habits相呼应，这两句都是在讲述“良好的饮食习惯。”故选E项。【20题详解】根据下文 MComputers, televisions and other forms of technology are a major part of life in the 21st century.Unfortunately, as the use of technology in the home increases, so does the time spent watching TV or playing on the computer. So as parents, you should also arrange the time for your children wisely.（计算机、电视和其他形式的技 术是21世纪生活的重要组成部分。不幸的是，随着家庭中科技的使用越来越多，看电视或玩电脑的时间也 越来越长。所以作为父母，你也应该明智地为孩子安排时间）”可知，本段主要讲述了，要明智的利用技术。 由此可知,A项“Don't get rid of technology, but use it wisely.（不要抛弃技术,但要明智地使用它）”是对于 本段内容的总结。故选A项。第二部分语言运用（共四节，满分75分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Michael Platt, an entrepreneurial (仓ij业的)teen in Washington DC, owns and 21 his own bakery business. Young Michael Platt is the proud owner of MichaePs Desserts.Diagnosed with epilepsy 獭痫)at age 9, he 22 to cut back his involvement in sports by his doctor, and born with a(n) 23 love for sweets, he decided to change his 24 for baking into a business when he turned 11. However, this is not just a(n) 25 bakery business. It operates on a one-fbr-one 26 Modelfor every cupcake sold he gives one to the homeless. 27 running his bakery, Michael also holds bake sales for the non-profit No Kid Hungry. Jessica Bomberg. a leader of fund-raising for the campaign, says, “Young heroes like Michael prove that everyone can make a 28 in society.“I knew that I wanted to 29 a business, but I knew I didn't just want to make 30I alsowanted to help people in need at the same time,” he told the Washington Post. His business 3createsnew baked goods, which include popular cookies and cupcakes, and cupcakes have great 32 for thecustomers.Adrienne Alien, one of his 33 who often buys cupcakes, says that MichaePs cupcakes are not onlydelicious, but also have 34 her to “provide everyone with sweetness.It is MichaePs simple act that gives hope to those who he 35. "That's why I give away cupcakes/' hesays, “and I hope to scale my business and feed even more people.”Let's make the world a better place, one cupcake at a time like Michael.21 A. makesB. increasesC.runsD. evaluates22. A. was advisedB. was askedC. was encouragedD. was persuaded23. A. occasionalB. criticalC. abnormalD. incredible24. A. mindB. passionC. decisionD. appetite25. A. difficultB. strangeC. specialD. ordinary26. A. roleB. donationC. fashionD. nation27. A. Rather thanB. Because ofC. Regardless ofD. Apart from28. A. lifeB. contributionC. differenceD.change29. A. set upB. break upC. make upD. bring up30. A. historyB. contactC. moneyD. progress31. A. apparentlyB. constantlyC. potentiallyD. rarely32. A. appealB. sympathyC. preferenceD. respect33. A. classmatesB. customersC. relatives34. A. inspiredB. permittedC. desiredD. colleaguesD.caused35. A. savedB. spotted【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. BC. detected25. D 26. B 27. DD. helped28. C 29. A 30. C 31.B 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述患有癫痫的迈克尔因为对甜食的喜爱开始创业，建立了自己的面 包店，并通过“一对一捐赠模式”进行运营来帮助那些有需要的人.21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：迈克尔普拉特是华盛顿特区的一名创业少年，拥有并经营着自己的面包店。A. makes制作,使得;B. increases增加；C. runs跑，管理,运营;D. evaluates评估。根据“owns”可知, 此处是指拥有并运营自己的面包店。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：9岁被诊断患有癫痫，医生建议他减少对运动的参与，他天生就对甜食有着难以 置信的热爱，11岁时，他决定改变对烘焙的热情,开始创业。A. was advised被建议；B. was asked被要求, 被问；C. was encouraged被鼓励；D. was persuaded被说服。根据“by his doctorv可知，他被医生建议减少 运动量。故选Ao【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同 考A. occasional偶尔的;B. critical关键的;C. abnormal不正常的；D. incredible 难以置信的。根据上文 “ Michael Platt, an entrepreneurial （创业的）teen in Washington DC, owns andhis own bakery business.n推知，他对甜食有着难以置信的热爱。故选D0【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同2小题。A. mind思维;B. passion热情;C. decision决定；D. appetite胃口，喜 好。根据“inio a business when heturned II ”推知，他对烘焙是充满热情的,因此开了自己的面包店。故选Bo【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而这不是一家普通的面包店。A. difficult困难的；B. strange奇怪的，陌生的; C. special 特别的；D. ordinary 平凡的，普通的。根据下文“for every cupcake sold he gives one to the homeless.' 可知，他的面包店和普通的面包店不一样。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的运作方式是一对一捐赠模式一一每卖出一个纸杯蛋糕，他就给无家可归者 一个。A.role 角色;B. donation 捐赠；C.fashion 风尚；D.nation 国家，民族。根据"for every cupcake sold he gives one to the homeless. ”可知，他的面包店是以捐赠的模式运营的。故选B。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：除了经营他的面包店，迈克尔还为非营利组织“无孩子饥饿"（N。Kid Hungry） 举办烘焙销售。A. Ralherhan 而不是：B. Because of 由于：C. Regardless of 不管；D. Apart Gom 除以外（还）。根据 “Michael also holds bake sales for the non-profit No Kid Hungry ” 可知，除了经营自己的面包店外，他还为非营利组织做事。故选D。28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰西卡邦伯格，这场运动的筹款领袖，说：“像迈克尔这样的年轻英雄证明， 每个人都能在社会上有所作为。" A. life生命，生活；B. contribution贡献；C. difference区别，不同；D. change 改变，零钱。根据"Young heroes like Michael”并结合上文迈克尔所做的事情可知，这些年轻的英雄证明每 个人都能在社会上有做作为,带来影响。Make a difference ”影响二 故选C。【29题详解】 考查动词短语辨析，句意：他告诉华盛顿邮报：“我知道我想创业，但我知道我不仅想赚钱，我还想同 时帮助有需要的人J'A. set up建立;B. break up破碎;C. make up化妆，组成;D. bring up养育。根据"a business” 可知，此处指创业，短语se up符合句意。故选A。【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. history历史；B.coniaci联系；C. money金钱：D. progress进步。结合常 识和“I also wanted to help people in need at the same time”可知，他创业不仅仅是为了赚钱，也为了能帮助 有需要的人。故选C。31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他的生意不断创造新的烘焙产品，包括流行的饼干和纸杯蛋糕，纸杯蛋糕对顾 客有很大的吸引力。A. apparently明显地;B. constantly持续地，不断地;C. potentially潜在地；D. rarely罕 见地，极少地。根据"which include popular cookies and cupcakes”可知，他的面包店一直在创新。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. appeal吸引,上诉;B. sympathy同情;C. preference偏爱;D. respect尊 敬o 根据 卜.文 “ Michael's cupcakes are not only delicious, but also have 14 her to “provide everyone with sweetness”.”推知,纸杯蛋糕最吸引顾客。故选A。【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿德里安艾伦是他经常购买纸杯蛋糕的顾客之一，她说迈克尔的纸杯蛋糕不仅美味，而且激励她“为每个人提供甜味”。A. classmates同学；B. customers顾客;C. relatives亲人；D. colleagues 同事。根据 “says that Michael's cupcakes arc not only delicious” 可知，艾伦的身份是顾客。故选 B。【34题详解】考自动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. inspired启发，鼓舞；B. pc门nitted允许；C. desired渴望；D. caused造成。 根据"her to "provide everyone with sweetness"”可知，艾伦受到的迈克尔的启发。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正是迈克尔的简单行为给了那些他帮助的人希望。A. saved救，节约，存；B. spoiled 看见；C. detected 探测；D. helped 帮助。根据上文“I also wanted to help people in need at the same time” 和本句"gives hope to those"可知，迈克尔的行为给了那些他帮助的人希望。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Badlands National Park, one of the most popular attractions in western South Dakota, contains one of the world's richest fossil 36 (bed). Scientists believe that 33 million years ago, a watering hole was located in the Badlands and that a drought forced mammals to travel long distances 37 (detect) water. Ancient horses, turtles, and hornless rhinos once 38 (live) here. Nowadays, the park is mainly home 39 mammals like big horn sheep, antelopes, and deer, 40 wander the 244,000 acres of (he park. The park is also a rcintroduction site of the endangered black-fbotcd fbrret(雪貂),one of the world's 41(rare) mammals.Visitors can enjoy hiking on eight routes from 400 meters to 160 kilometers long and 42 (camp) at Cedar Pass Campground with attractive scenic views. Badlands National Park has no formal reservation system, but visitors ought to obey some rules. Firstly, apply for 43 pass ahead of time. Maps are 44(strong)recommended and arc available for purchase in the Badlands bookstore. Besides, campfires 45 (ban) under any circumstances. Finally, remember to take away all garbage, including toilet paper, and all human waste must be buried in a small hole 6 inches deep and a minimum of 200 feet from any water source.【答案】36. beds37. to detect38. lived 39. to40. which 41. rarest42. camping43. a 44. strongly45. are banned【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国荒地公园的特别之处以及参观游览的注意事项。【36题详解】考查名词的数。句意：荒地国家公园是南达科他州西部最受欢迎的景点之一，拥有世界上最丰富的化石床之一。根据“one of+名词复数”可知，空处填所给的复数形式。故填beds。【37题详解】考查不定式。句意：科学家们认为，3300万年前，一个水坑位于荒地，干旱迫使哺乳动物长途旅行以探测水。结合句意和句子结构，此处应用不定式表目的，即动物长途旅行的目的是探测水。故填to detect。【38题详解】考查时态.句意：古代的马、海龟和无角犀牛曾经生活在这里。根据副词。nee “曾经”可知，陈述过去的 事情应用一般过去时。故填lived。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：如今，公园主要是大角羊、羚羊和鹿等哺乳动物的家园，它们在公园的244000英亩土地上游荡。结合句意表达“是的家园，是所在的"用be home lo。故填to。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是mammals,从句缺少主语，应用关系代 词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which（.41题详解】考查形容词的级。句意：该公园也是世界上最稀有的哺乳动物之一，濒危的黑脚雪貂的重新引入地。根据“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”可知，此处应用rare的最高级。故填rarest。【42题详解】考查动名词。句意：游客可以在400米至160公里长的八条路线上徒步旅行，并在景色优美的雪松山口露营地露营.分析可知空处和上文hiking并列作动词enjoy的宾语，也应用动名词形式。故填camping。43题详解】考查冠词。句意：首先，提前申请通行证。pass “通行证”是可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且该 词的发音是辅音音素开头，故填a。【44题详解】考杳副词。句意：强烈推荐使用地图，可在Badlands书店购买。修饰动词recommended应用副词形式。故 填 strongly o45题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：此外，在任何情况下都禁止篝火。句子陈述客观事实，且主语campfires和ban之 间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填are banned。第三节（共2小题10空;每空1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面小短文，根据上下文语境，从所给的A、B、C、D、E、F六个选项中，选出最佳选 项填入空白处，每个单词只使用一次，每个方框里有一个是多余的单词。根据句意，选择单词并以其适当形式填空。A. obtained B. integrated C. iimovation D. acknowledged E. cnicial F. objectiveTalking about Beijing Opera, we cannot forget to mention one of its greatest performersMei Lanfang. Born in Beijing in 1894. he was commonly 46 as a brilliant artist. He started to learn the art of Beijing Opera at the age of eight and made his on-stage debut at age eleven and by the age of 20, he had become a leading actor in Beijing Opera's dan role. With the 47 of bringing Beijing Opera to the world, he began to travel abroad to give performances. He 48 great success after eight years of attempts. The 49 factors for his success was his unique style and his 50 from the traditions.【答案】46. D 47. F48. A 49. E50. C【解【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧大师梅兰芳为普及京剧所做出的努力。【46题详解】考杳动词。句意：1894年出生于北京，他被公认为一位杰出的艺术家。结合句意表达“认为"用acknowledge, 它和主语he之前是被动关系，故空处填过去分词acknowledged和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。 【47题详解】考查名词。句意：为了将京剧推向世界，他开始出国演出。空处应填名词构成名词所有格，根据"bringing Beijing Opera to the world”是他的目的,故名词objective “目标”符合题意,此处用单数形式。故选F。【48题详解】考查动词和时态。句意：经过八年的尝试，他获得了巨大的成功。空处应填动词作句子谓语，根据"great success”可知是获得了成功，动词obtain符合句意，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故选A。【49题详解】考查形容词。句意：他成功的关键因素是他独特的风格和对传统的创新。空处应填形容词修饰名词factors, 结合句意表达“关键的”用crucial。故选E。【50题详解】考杳名词。句意：他成功关键因素是他独特的风格和对传统的创新。形容词性物主代词his后应填名词， 根据"from the traditions”可知是对传统的创新,名词innovation “创新”符合句意。故选C。根据句意，选择单词并以其适当形式填空。A. distant B. reliable C. potential D. intemal E. secure F. forecastOn today's episode of “Future Change"，we talked about predictions about the future with two experts from different fields. Dr. Han, a computer scientist 51 that computers would be cleverer than humans in the 52 future. He thought people would also be programming computers to think like humans. Another guest Vincent Black, an architect, predicted that smart homes with integrated sensors could keep us 53. save usenergy and warn us of 54 dangers. With the development of advanced technology, he also believed that cities floating on water arc part of our world's future. Whether their predictions arc 55 or not, today's talk is a good interaction.【答案】51. F 52. A 53. E 54. C 55. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在“未来变化”节目中，两位来自不同领域的专家讨论了对未 来的预测。51题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：计算机科学家韩博士预测，在遥远的将来，计算机将比人类更聪明。设空处为谓语, 根据上文“predictions”可知是预测，用一般过去时，应填forecasted,故选F。【52题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词形式，根据句意和语境可知是distant,意为“遥 远的"，故选A。【53题详解】考查形容词。句意：另一位嘉宾文森特布莱克(Vincent Black)是一名建筑师，他预测，集成了传感器的智 能家居可以保证我们的安全，节省我们的能源，并警告我们潜在的危险。设空处为宾语补足语，根据句意 和语境可知是secure,意为“安全的"，故选E。【54题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词形式，根据句意和语境可知是potential,意为“潜 在的”，故选C。【55题详解】考查形容词。句意：不管他们的预测是否可靠，今天的谈话都是一次很好的互动。设空处接在be动词后作 表语，应用形容词形式，根据句意和语境可知是reliable,意为“可靠的"，故选B。第四节(共30空;每空1分，满分30分)根据中文提示，补全下面的句子。56 .张桂梅献身于教育事业数十年，13年前创办了全国第一所全免费女子高中。Zhang Guimei, who has education for ten years, founded the first all-free girls' highschool in China 13 years ago.【答案】 ®. committed ®. herself ®. to【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。对比所给中文提示词和英文翻译，可知，需翻译部分为“献身于”，在英语中“献 身于”为固定搭配，为commit oneself to,又根据句意知，空处应用现在完成时，空前已有has,所以commii 应用过去分词形式，反身代词指的是张桂梅自己，川herse