2023年新高考英语全国Ⅰ卷试题真题（含答案详解+听力音频+作文范文）.docx

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标全国I卷）英语真题（含答案详解）本试卷共12页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。新高考卷-2023年 普通高等学校招生第一部分 听力（120小题）在笔试结束后进行。（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分75分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.答案是C。B.£9.18. C. £9.15.C. Watch a film.C. Next Monday.1. What will Jack probably do this weekend?A. Go camping.B. Visit a friend.2. What does the woman ask the man to do?A , Take care of her bags.B . Pack the food for her.C , Check the train schedule.3. When will the man see Bob?A. This Friday.B. This Saturday.4. Why does the man apologize?A. For the terrible food.B , For the overcharge.C, For the waiter's rudeness.5. . What are the speakers talking about?A. Writing a book.B. Holding a celebration. C. Buying a present.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6. Why does Sara make the phone call?第二节(共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, _ 56 (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether 57 (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出)，58 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hotsoup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the 59 (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao's birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 60 hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them 61 (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 62 (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with 63 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 64 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left 65 (want) more next time.第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分)66.假定你是李华，外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组，让大家课后练习口语，你认为这样分组存 在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件，内容包括：1 .说明问题；2 .提出建议。 注意：1 .写作词数应为80个左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Ryan,I'm Li Hua from Class 3.Yours sincerely,Li Hua第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: "Because I love your stories. If you're willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this." Encouraged by his words, I agreed to give it a try.I chose Paul Revered horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith （专艮匠）in Boston who rode a horse at night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come straight from the horse's mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else's choice.What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revered horse, I kept going. I worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again. I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the enjoyment of writing. If I didn't win, I wouldn't care.注意：1 .续写词数应为150个左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.I went to my teacher's office after the award presentation.1. c【原文】 W: Jack, are you going camping with your friends this weekend?M: It depends. If it's sunny, we'll go.W: The weathennan says it's going to rain.M: In that case, we'll go to the cinema instead.2. A【原文】 W: Excuse me, could you mind my bags for a moment? I want to buy some food at the convenience store.M: No problem. But be quick. It was announced that my train would arrive in 10 minutes.3. B【原文】 W: Mark came out of hospital last Friday. Have you got a chance to visit him?M: I plan to see him this Saturday.W: Aren't you going to the conference then?M: No. It has been rescheduled for next Monday.4. B【原文】M: Sorry, Miss. We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill. Here is the ten dollars we have to return to you.W: Oh, I didn't notice that. It's OK. Don't blame the waiter. He's been really nice.5. C【原文】W: Do you think we should get Steve a book for the new year?M: Books are good. But Steve wouldn't take just any book. He has had this particular one on geography.6. C 7. B【原文】M: Hello, Sara.W: Hello, David. I can't come for dinner tonight. Sorry.M: Oh, what happened?W: We've got a new case and things get pretty crazy here in the office.M: Well, then ril come to you.W: No, no, not tonight. Let me see if I can arrange another night.M: Sara, please. We need to talk. It's about my job.W: Then tell me on the phone.M: No, ifs better if we do it in person. How about tomorrow night?W: I'm not sure. You can give me a call tomorrow afternoon.M: OK.8. A 9. B【原文】 W: Jim will call on us this afternoon. Do you know where he is now?M: Er. wait. Let me see. He has sent two messages saying that he's done with his work at the office and got a taxi and. and he'll arrive in twenty minutes.W: We can't keep him waiting outside our home. We have to hurry.M: But it takes at least half an hour to get to the city center by bus. Look at the traffic.W: Lefs get off. We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park.M: Are you sure?W: Yes. A hundred percent.10. C 11. A 12. C 13. A【原文】W: Morning, Mark.M: Morning, Clara. How was your weekend?W: Great. I went to my grandpa's. He invited us to pick vegetables on his farm. My daughter had a great time there. What about you?M: Oh, I had a truly incredible experience. I dropped by a yard sale on Saturday and got several books.W: Novels?M: A novel and two poetry collections. As I leafed through the novel, a piece of paper fell out. It was an air ticket from 2012. The flight was from Los Angeles to Chicago and the name on the ticket was Ashley Louis.W: Was it?M: Yes. Ashley, my sister. In 2012, she lived in Los Angeles and her husband worked in Chicago.Both of them often flew between two cities. I asked the seller where he got the book. He said it 答案第2页，共15页was bought at a second-hand bookstore in Los Angeles three years ago. Last year, he and hisfamily moved from Los Angeles to Philadelphia.W: So, all the way across the country, your sister's old book landed in your hands. That's really crazy.14. B 15. A 16. C 17. C【原文】 W: Victor, you've been here in Indiana for six weeks now. How are you feeling?M: I think I've got used to college life, going to classes, working out and hanging out with my friends. Though there's pressure to meet deadlines, life here is never boring.W: What's been hard about being an Indianan basketball player?M: Well, the training is very competitive, weightlifting and running every day. It's not like high school. In high school, I really didn't have to do that. Tm just trying to get used to it. And I think I am.W: At this point, how do you see yourself fitting into this group?M: I think we're all different. George is from Britain. Chris and Leo are from Australia. Tm from France. And the rest are Americans. But I get along with everybody. You know, we are really starting to bond. Ifs great to see how we grow each day as a team.W: Thanks, Victor. I wish you a very happy and fruitful stay in Indiana. 18. A 19. B 20. A【原文】W: Good evening, dear listeners. When was the last time you enjoyed leisure activities? Doyou want to live a full and happy life? TodayJ'm going to introduce to you a magazine thatfeatures the art of living. The Idler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson, back in 1993. With theintention of providing a bit of fun, freedom and achievement in the busy world, it is now publishedbimonthly.In every issue, you will find an interesting mix of interviews and essays on the good life,history, philosophy, arts and fashion photography. You will find much to laugh at and much usefulstuff as well, from recipes for making bacon to guides to housekeeping.If you ever felt that there ismore to life than boring jobs, then why not subscribe to it? The Idler is a cheering read that makesyou feel better about life. You can download the application and subscribe today to get your first答案第3页，共15页issue free.21 . B 22. C 23. D【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操 作方式，价格等细节。22 .推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake 倒车）,bikes with hand brake and gears （排挡）,bikes with child seats, and children's bikes.（我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带 排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车厂可推知，MacBike的优势是它提供许多 类型的自行车。故选B。23 .细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额 外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。 故选C。24 .细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.（旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午1点开始）“可知，导 游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选D。25 . C 25. D 26. B 27. A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生 态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。26 .细节理解题。根据第段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.（当约 翰托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。 例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰 开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱）”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria 移田菌）？ Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?（在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？）”可 知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。27 .细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.（几个星期后，约翰把 污泥加了进去）“以及倒数第三段"He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.（他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食 物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水）”可知I,约翰把污泥放进罐子 里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。28 .推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse like facility that treated sewage （污水）from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.（这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来 自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运 河水厂可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。29 .推理判断题。根据最后一段'You put organisms in new relationships and observe whafs happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.（你把生物体放 在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式）”可知，约翰 工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。30 . B 29. A 30. C 31. A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字极简主义生活方式的优点，倡导简单的数 字生活方式。31 .细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works, and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it's right for you.（这本书的目标是为数字极简主 义辩护，包括详细探索它的要求和为什么有效，然后如果你认为它适合你，教你如何采用这 种哲学）”可知，这本书的目的是倡导简单的数字生活方式。故选B。32 .词句猜测题。根据画线词下文“This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days. At the end of the thirty days, you will then add back a small number of carefully chosen online activities that you believe will provide massive benefits to the things you 答案第5页，共15页value.（这个过程要求你在30天内远离可选的在线活动。在30天结束的时候，你再加上一些 你认为会给你所看重的东西带来巨大好处的精心挑选的在线活动广可推知，画线词“declutter” 的意思是“清理”，对在线活动进行清理和挑选。故选A。33 .推理判断题。通过文章第四段“In the final chapter of part one, Til guide you through carrying out your own digital declutter. In doing so, Til draw on an experiment I ran in 2018 in which over 1,600 people agreed to perform a digital declutter.（在第一部分的最后一章中，我将指导您进行 自己的数字清理。在这样做的过程中，我将借鉴我在2018年进行的一项实验，在该实验中， 1600多人同意进行数字清理厂可推知，第一部分的最后一章介绍了实验与数字清理的实际例 子。故选C。34 .推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Youcan view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that words for your particular circumstances.（你可以X仔这些 实践视为一个工具箱，旨在帮助你建立一种适合自己特定情况的极简主义生活方式）“可推知, 作者建议读者根据需要与实际情况使用第二部分中提及的实践。故选Ao35 . B 33. D 34. C 35. D【导语】本文是说明文。没有人是一座孤岛，文章陈述了“群体智慧”效应。实验表明，在某 些情况下大量独立估计的平均值可能是相当准确的。36 .主旨大意题。根据第二段内容“This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors, those errors aren't always the same. Some people will tend to overestimate, and come to underestimate. When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting in a more accurate estimate. If people are similar and tend to make the same errors, then their errors won't cancel each other out. In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires that people's estimates be independent. If fbr whatever reasons, people s errors become correlated or dependent, the accuracy of the estimate will go down.（这种效应禾Ll用 了 这样个事实，即当 人们犯错误时，这些错误并不总是相同的。有些人常常会高估，或者低估。当这些误差中有 足够多的误差被平均在一起时，它们会相互抵消，从而产生更准确的估计。如果相似的人倾 向于犯同样的错误，那么他们的错误不会相互抵消。从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求 人们的估计是独立的。如果由于任何原因，人们的错误变得相关或依赖，估计的准确性就会 下降户可知，本段阐述了人们所犯的错误不总是相同的，各不相同的误差平均在一起，相互 抵消就会产生更准确的估计，讨论了独立估计的平均如何由于误差的消除而产生更准确的预 答案第6页，共15页测。因此本段主要解释了“群体智慧”效应这一现象的基本逻辑。故选B。37 .细节理解题。根据第二段的“In more technical terms, the wisdom of crowds requires thatpeople's estimates be independent.（从更专业的角度来说，群众的智慧要求人们的估计是独立的）''和第三段的"The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion, the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals. For instance, the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from 20 independent individuals.（这项研究的关键发现是，当人群被进一 步划分为允许进行讨论的小组时，这些小组的平均值比同等数量的独立个体的平均值更准确。 例如，从四个五人讨论组的估计中获得的平均值明显比从20个独立个体获得的平均值更准 确）”可知，人们在没有独立的情况下，分成更小群体，平均值是更准确的，说明即使在估计 数字并非完全独立的情况下，准确率提高也是可以做到的。故选D。38 .推理判断题。根据第四段的“In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried