山东省实验中学2023届高三下学期开学考试英语Word版.docx

山东省实验中学2022-2023学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题（本试卷共10页，共四部分;全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟） 注意事项：1 .答卷前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题纸上.2 .选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑.如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号.3 .非选择题的作答：用0.5mm黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。From sleep machines to Al-controlled house cleaning robots, a wide variety of advanced technologies and products are being exhibited at the 4th China International Import Expo （CUE） in Shanghai. Here are some products you don't want to miss.Electric bicycle Brina 2For many people,a daily commute （通勤）is often a source of headache. Emove Inc, an exhibitor from Argentina, has presented electric bicycle Brina 2 as a solution. Running on long-ange batteries, the e-bike has a maximum speed of 25 miles per hour. Almost all the components are designed within the carbon fiber frame. Its scientific design makes the ride more stable and comfortable than other conventional e-bikes.AI robot a right-hand assistant for life and productionAlrobot from AgileRobotsAG, a leading intelligent robotics company from Germany, helps make life and work easier. With the ability to synthesize （综合）and adjust motion tracks in real-time, the robot is a great assistant. For instance, it can aid humans in tasks like loading and unloading, polishing and quality inspection.Power-PROXT a reliable stretcher bedPower-PROXT is an electric ambulance stretcher bed designed by Stryker Corporation from the U.S.Compared with traditional stretchers, Power-PROXT is driven by a high-speed motor that enables it to easily lift or lower a load weighing 318 kilograms within 2.4 seconds. More importantly, it can smoothly and safely lift and move, providing greater safety for patients.Sleeping cabin a night guard for sound sleepA recent study found that more than two-thirds of surveyed university students in Brazil are experiencing poor sleep quality.The sleeping cabin made by The Dow Chemical Company from the U.S. can provide its users a better sleep. As a combination of great material and technology, the cabin can provide customers with a deeper and more refreshing sleeping experience.1. Which product most probably interests a factory manager?A. Brina2.B. AI robot.2. What can Power-PROXT be used for?A. Travel to work.B. Quality control.3. Which word can best describe these products?A. Cutting-edge.B. Eco-friendly.C. Power-PROXT.D. Sleeping cabin.C. First aid.C. Cost-effectiveD. Sleep improvement.D. Efficiency-enhancing.One dilemma that the super famous face is balancing the needs of privacy and recognition.For some stars privacy is an overvalued thing. In 1919, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford went on their European honeymoon. The two international idols had divorced their previous spouses （酉己彳禺）and were concerned about how they would be greeted. They needn't have worried. In London their car was surrounded by admiring women who pulled Mary out of the car to shake her hand, still grateful after two years for her efforts selling war bonds. In Paris they couldn't get any sleep with crowds gathering below their hotel room to sing and play for them. In Amsterdam they attended a party and were mobbed （包 围）by other guests who wanted to get close to them. The athletic Fairbanks placed his wife on his shoulder and escaped through the window. Finally, they found privacy in Hamburg, where their movies were not shown because of World War I. For an hour the famous newly-married couple walked the streets unnoticed until the bored Mary turned to her husband and said, “Doug, I'm sick of this. Let's go back to one of those countries where they mob us.”Joan Crawford had similar feelings. Once in the 1930s she was staying in New York getting over her breakup with Clark Gable. Tired of staying around her hotel feeling so down she told her entourage （随从）they should go out and get some fresh air. The entourage, who had trouble keeping up with the star's quick pace, were shocked when she walked away from their planned road. HOh my God. She's going into Grand Central Station!n Someone shouted, "Look, it's Joan Crawford! And she was mobbed. It took them thirty minutes to escape the crowd and get back to their hotel suite. Her hair disheveled （凌舌L）, her dress tom and her face scratched, Crawford leaned against the door out of breath. H0h.v oh my. That was wonderful. Let's do it again!” 4. What did Douglas and Mary worry about before going to Europe?A. Nobody would greet them.B. They wouldn't be welcomed.C. Their war bonds wouldn't sell well.D. Their schedule would be made public.5. What does Mary's words in the second paragraph suggest?A. Hamburg was too quiet a place for her.B. Her movies weren't shown in Hamburg.C. She fell ill after arriving in a new place.D. She didn't really enjoy privacy so much.6. What did Joan Crawford think of her being mobbed in New York?A. Amusing.B. Enjoyable.C. Dangerous.D. Embarrassing.7. The author tells stories about the movie stars to show that.A. they may feel down from time to time B. they deserve people's love and respect C. they need both privacy and public attention D. they are not always popular around the worldCOn February 6, 2020, American astronaut Christina Koch arrived back on Earth after 328 days in space. Her time in space is just one of the records set by herself. That's the longest spaceflight ever made by a woman, and just one of the many things Ms. Koch achieved in space.Ms. Koch took off from Earth for the International Space Station （ISS） on March 12 2019. While in space, shemade 5,248 trips around the Earth, travelling 2,237 million kilometers, which is roughly the same as 291 trips to the Moon and back. During her 11 months on the ISS, Ms. Koch took part in six spacewalks, spending over 42 hours in all outside the station. In October of 2019, Ms. Koch led the first ever all-female spacewalk with Jessica Meir.But for most astronauts, space travel isn't about setting records. Ifs about doing science. Ms. Koch took part in a wide variety of special experiments, including studying how crystals （晶体）grow in space, how atoms （原子） behave in extreme cold and learning more about growing plants in low gravity. Growing plants in space could be an important way to provide food on future trips. She also tested a new way of separating liquids from gases. This experiment could lead to simple methods of cleaning water and air in space, which could be very important for future space travel.Ms. Koch isn't just a scientist and an astronaut. She is also being studied. She's part of a NASA program studying how astronauts are affected by being in space for long periods of time. Her trip was only 12 days shorter than the American record set by Scott Kelly in 2016. As they did with Mr. Kelly, NASA scientists are looking carefully at ways Ms. Koch's body has been affected by her time in space. That research is important for the longer space trips NASA hopes to make in the future, such as for a base on the moon or a trip to Mars.8. Which of the following is an achievement Ms. Koch has made?A. Making the longest spaceflight by herself.B. Leading the first women-only spacewalk.C. Cleaning water and air successfully in space.D. Staying outside the ISS continuously for 42 hours.9. What does the author want to tell us with so many detailed figures in Paragraph 2?A. Koch made historic breakthroughs in space.B. Koch went through a life-threatening space trip.C. Koch completed admirable tasks in the space travel.D. Koch is the most experienced astronaut in NASA.10. Which statement agrees with the text?A. Astronauts are competing to set new records.B. Koch's team produced their own food in space.C. NASA has founded a scientific base on the moon.D. Koch's research is significant for space exploration.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Record-Setting Astronaut Koch Returns to EarthB. US Astronauts Carried out Experiments in SpaceC. Spacewalks Have Successfully Been Done on the ISSD. NASA is Studying Astronauts for Longer Space TripsDIn habitats across the planet, animals periodically drop everything to walk, fly or swim to a new place. Wildlife such as whales and geese learn migration paths by following their parents. Others, including small songbirds, gain the distance and direction of their migration within their genetic code. And some animals use a combination of genetics and culture to guide their migration.Another group of migrators does not quite fit either model, and researchers have only recently started to figure out how they find their way. Take the Cory's shearwater, an oceangoing sea bird that migrates over the Atlantic every year. The young do not migrate with their parents, so culture cannot explain their journeys. And the exact paths vary wildly from individual to individual, making genetics equally unlikely.Cory's shearwaters are long-lived, rarely producing young successfully before age nine. This leaves an opening for learning and practice to develop their migration patterns. Researchers call this the “exploration-refinement"，and until now it has been hypothetical （假设的）because of difficulties in tracking migratory animals9 movements.But a team of researchers has done that by attaching small geolocators to more than 150 of the birds aged four to nine. They found that younger birds traveled longer distances, for longer periods, and had more diverse paths than older birds. "We finally have evidence of the cexploration-refinement, for migratory birds J says Letizia Campioni, who led the study. Younger Cory's shearwaters are able to fly just as fast as the adults but they do not, suggesting that the young do more exploring, which gradually fades as they mature and settle into a preferred course.Although it may seem less efficient than other strategies, "exploration refinement could be beneficial to birds and other organisms in a rapidly changing world due to unpredictable man-made changes J says Barbara Frei. "It might be safer to repeat a behavior that was recently successful than to rely on patterns that were perfected long ago but might no longer be safe.,?12. What is the first paragraph mainly about? .A. It describes animals9 habitats.B. It talks about migration models.C. It compares different species.D. It introduces a tracking technology.13. What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 3 refer to?A. The opening for learning and practice.B. The unique living habit of Cory's shearwaters.C. The way Cory's shearwaters form their migration patterns.D. The process scientists track Cory's shearwaters? movements.14. What does Letizia's study find about the younger Cory's shearwaters?A. They travel as much as adult birds.B. They move in a predictable manner.C. They lower the speed for exploration.D. They look for a course with their parents.15. What can we conclude from the last paragraph?A. Man-made changes make migration easier.B. Animals make a safer journey via a fixed track.C. Course exploration contributes to birds' adaptability.D. A combination of strategies assures migration success.第二节（共5小题;每小题25分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Supporting OthersWe're always being told that the secret to happiness lies in helping others. Indeed, ifs natural to want to support those we care about, especially if we are in a position to do so. 16When we offer support, it may not always be wanted. 17 In this case, offering support in the manner of ” if 1 were you, I would " can feel like a scolding rather than support. If our support feels conditional, it can feel burdensome.18 When someone is trying to manage illness or a house move, just saying “What would help you today?” can be amazingly supportive. Or, suggest what you can do fbr them: picking up some shopping, taking the dog fbr a walk. Even if it's not needed, just knowing you've been thought of can be supportive in itself.Try to be mindful of offering support that is disabling, rather than enabling. My son, when aged five, wanted to make a cup of tea. I could see how inspiring it was for him to be able to do this. So I filled the kettle and took him through the safety measures. It felt like a huge risk but it worked. His pleasure was immeasurable. The same principle applies when we offer support that increases someone else's capacity. 19Sometimes the only support thafs needed is to listen without judgement. 20 This reassures them that someone cares enough to listen while they ground themselves. When times are tough remember to keep things stable. Waiting until the storm has passed is all it takes.Support often works best when it's a two-way process. It is good to know how to accept help from others as well as offer support to them.A. Here are the pros and cons of supporting others.B. Just be there, while someone lets out their feelings.C. Ask what support is needed and provide a practical one.D. This can often be a bigger gift than just doing it for them.E. But we can do more by thinking about the support we offer.F. Because being judgmental can only make someone annoyed.G. Sometimes people are trying to manage life in their own way.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。After graduation, I decided to take the gym seriously. Accompanied by a friend, I 21 a routine ofwalking on the treadmill （跑步机）.I was22 with our routine in the gym. My friend, however, became bored.One day, he suggested that we 23 an outdoor sport. I was an uncoordinated （动作不协调的）person, soI 24 his idea.But several weeks later, he managed to 25 me to step onto an outdoor racquetball （美式壁球）court.When I hit the ball, I sent it flying in every direction except the direction that I had 26, Still, somehow, I tried hard to learn it and became 27 after constantly practicing.“We're not getting enough 28 on the treadmill. Why not play tennis to build up our body?” suggested my friend.“Tennis? I can't play tennis! That 29 real skills!" I firmly resisted his new 30Nevertheless, weeks later, I started playing tennis. After several months of painful practice, one day, as the ball came flying towards me, my racket and the ball met in what tennis players 31 as the “sweet spot”. I had32 learned how to play tennis properly!I learned an extremely valuable 33 from these experiences: I can do whatever I set my mind on. I just need to put in efforts, and the results will 34 And I become quite 35 about trying new things and I'malways filled with a sense of excitement.21. A. beganB. changedC. quitD. delayed22. A. disappointedB. familiarC. contentD. careful23. A. show offB. take upC. keep offD. finish with24. A.opposedB. supportedC. highlightedD. understood25. A. remindB. allowC. expe