第02讲句子成分结构（解析版）-2022年新高一英语暑假课（人教版）.docx

第二部分 Word and SentenceI句子成分与结构Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见（眼见为实）A Preview Exercises尝试标出下列句子的主谓宾（系表）1. She likes singing.She是主语；likes是谓语；singing是宾语2. It's about 10 minutes9 walk.It是主语；is是谓语（系动词）；about 10 minutes'walk是表语3. But I was too busy to be there.I是主语；was是系动词；busy是表语4. The 10th China Flower Expo is being held in China.The 10lh China Flower Expo是主语；is being held是谓语5. It's necessary fbr us to play sports an hour a day at school.to play sports是主语；is是谓语（系动词）；us是宾语6.1 have no idea.I是主语；have是谓语；no idea是宾语7. The amusement park has received many visitors.The amusement park是主语；has received是谓语；many visitors是宾语米 Knowledge英语的句子成分一共有六种：主谓宾定状补：分别是：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语(补语分为主补和宾补，其中主补也称为表语)。除外还有同位语、感叹语、插入语等。Tip2五种简单句英语的简单句一共有五种句子结构，这五种句子结构就像数学公式一样构成了英语的所 有复杂句式。主+谓(S + V)：注意这里的谓语是不及物动词 I never lie.我从不撒谎。主+谓+宾(S + V + O)：注意这里的谓语是及物动词或不及物动词+介词 I like bananas. 我喜欢香蕉。 I live in Kunming.我住在昆明。主+谓+间宾+直宾(S + V + IO + DO)：间宾是动作最终目的；直宾是动作内容 I gave Lily a book.我给了莉莉一本书。主语+谓语+宾语+宾补(S + V + O + OC)：宾补是补充说明宾语的 I decide to paint the wall blue.我决定把墙刷成蓝色。主语+系动词+表语(S + V + P)：表语就是主语补足语 I am handsome.我很英俊。mu 照H主语就是一个句子中所叙述的主体，通常是指动作的发出者，一般位于句首，特殊情况Difficulty可以后置。主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或相当于名词的词或成分来充当。o例句 I just like eating bananas.I就是主语，like这个动作的发出者。Tip2谓语谓语通常由动词充当，通常放于主语后，表明主语所发出的动作。但有时一个句子需要 出现多个动作，此时注意英语一个单独的句子只能出现一次谓语动词，其余均要使用非谓 语结构。例句 1 always play basketball after school.play是谓语，是句子里的动作。Tip 3宾语宾语就是一个句子中的动作承受者，通常放在动词之后，表明动作的对象。宾语一般由 名词、代词、动名词或者相当于名词代词的词汇或成分充当。0例句 I watched TV last night.TV是宾语，充当动词watch的对象。Tip4定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的成分。最常见的定语是形容词和名词。0例句 What an interesting story!interesting是定语，修饰名词storyoTip 5状语状语用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，通常表示程度、频度、时间、地点、原因、方式等。一般以副词或介词短语的形式出现。o例句 Lily can sing songs well.well是状语，修饰动词singoTip6补语补语用于补充说明宾语或表语，补充宾语的称为宾语补足语；补充主语的称为主语补足语（或表语）。宾语补足语一般以形容词、名词、不定式、现在分词等形式出现。o例句 I saw Lee playing the piaao.playing the piano 补充说明 Lee。 He is a middle school student.a middle school student 补充说明 He。PracticeI.标出下列句子的主语成分1. Traditional Chinese Medicine is a great treasure.Traditional Chinese Medicine是主语2. Three fifths of the teacher in our school are men teachers.Three fifths of the teacher是主语3. The pink hair band must belong to Lily.The pink hair band是主语4. The movie named A Little Red Flower shows parents9 love for their chicken.The movie named A Little Red Flower是主语5. My uncle works in a hospital.My uncle是主语IL标出下列句子的谓语成分1. The famous writer gave us a report.gave是谓语2. You need to check emails.need是谓语3. These fishermen homes are no longer in the boats.are是谓语4. Shang Hai has a large collection of art.has是谓语5. There will be two tigers in the new zoo.will be是谓语III.标出下列句子的宾语成分1.1 want to think about it.it是宾语2. Zhang Guimei has managed to make thousands of girls receive education.thousands of girls是宾语3. Government has taken actions to stop water and air pollution.water and air pollution是宾语4. People show thanks to nurses.nurses是宾语5. Sally thinks that old things always bring back sweet memories.sweet memories是宾语IV.标出下列句子的定语成分1. My friend Nancy from France is crazy about Chinese culture.Chinese是定语2. Can you lend me your English dictionary?your English是定语1.1 have my own advantages.my own是定语4. Our school music festival is coming.our school是定语5. Four children were walking under a small umbrella.four； small是定语V.标出下列句子的状语成分1. Tianwen 1 landed successfully on Mars recently.successfully； recently是状语2. Unfortunately, we must put off the match.Unfortunately是状语3. This problem is extremely hard.extremely是状语3.1 have been in Kunming fbr many years.in Kunming； for many years是状语5. Lefs meet in the school tomorrow morning.in the school； tomorrow morning是状语VI.标出下列句子的补语成分1. His new novel is very popular.very popular是主语补语2. We should make our TV repaired.repaired是宾语补语