第05练形容词的基本用法-2022年初一英语（牛津译林版）（解析版）.docx

第05练 形容词的基本用法一、形容词的定义形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征，通常可将形容词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类，其位 置不一定都放在名词前面。1 .直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。2 .叙述形容词只能作表语，所以又称为表语形容词，这类形容词大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如：afraid，asleep, awake，alone 等。二、形容词的用法1）作定语：形容词作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。He lives in a beautiful house.他住在一座漂亮的房子里。There is nothing important in today's newspaper.今天的报纸上没有什么重要的内容。2）作表语，放在系动词（be, feel, look, smell, taste, sound, get, become, keep, turn, seem 等）之后。少数形容 词只能作表语， 不能作定语， 如：alone, alive, asleep, afraid, alight, ashamed, drunk, ill, well, unable, sure._h 述形容词不能作前置定语，但alive , asleep可作后置定语。His idea sounds great.他的主意听起来很棒。He is the greatest poet alive.他是在世的诗人中最伟大的。3）作宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make, leave, keep, End等动词连用。They keep the classroom clean every day.他们每天保持教室干净。We find it important to learn English well.我们发现学好英语很重要。4）形容词的名词化有些形容词放在定冠词之后，表示一类人，常见的有good/bad, rich/poor, young/old, deafVblind, black/white, living/dead, beautiful/good 等。The old should be taken good care of.老年人应该受到很好的照顾。5）以ing结尾的形容词通常修饰物，以ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人exciting-excited boring-bored interesting-interestedtiring-tired三、形容词的位置1）形容词与不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything等连用时，要放在这些词后面。Is there anything interesting in today's newspaper?2）如果有两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时，其前后排列顺序一般如下：限定词（a/the, this/some/her）+数量词（先序数词后基数词）+观点+大小+形状+新旧+颜色+产地+ 材料+名词。多个形容词修饰同一名词时的顺序是固定的，其顺序为：冠词、指示代词、不定代词、物主代词+序 数词+基数词+一般性描绘形容词+大小、长短、形状+年龄、新旧+颜色+国籍、出处+材料+用 途、类别+最终修饰的名词或动名词。a dirty old black shirt 一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣a beautiful little red flower 一朵美丽的小花I have a big, round , red, wooden, Chinese table.我有一个中国制造木制红色的大的园桌子。二磁-警.基础过关练一、选择题1 .Mr.Wu seemstoday.一Yes, because Simon is late for school again today.A.happilyB. happyC.angryD.angrily【答案】C【解析】句意： 吴老师今天看起来很生气。是的，因为西蒙今天上学又迟到了。考查词义辨析和形容词作表语。happily开心地，副词；happy开心的，形容词；angry生气的，形容词；angrily 生气地,副词。seem是系动词,其后加形容词作表语，排除AD；根据“because Simon is late for school again today”可知，学生迟到，老师会生气。故选C。2 .一The apples look.一Yes, and they taste. Why not buy some?A.good; goodB.well; wellC.good; wellD.well; good【答案】A【解析】句意： 这些苹果看起来不错。是的，而且它们尝起来很好。为什么不买一些呢？ 考查well和good的区另I。good好的,形容词；well身体好的，形容词；好,副词。look“看起来”,taste"尝起来。二者都是系动词，后面跟形容词做表语，且均表示“好的”，故应用good。故选A。3 .The movie is getting around the world.A.luckyB.excellentC.specialD.popular【答案】D【解析】句意：这部电影在全世界越来越受欢迎。考查形容词辨析。lucky幸运的；excellent优秀的；special特殊的;popular受欢迎的。根据“The movie is gettingaround the world ”可知，此处是指电影很受欢迎。故选D。4 .John is. He doesn't like to work.A.strictB.funnyC.lazyD.boring【答案】C【解析】句意：约翰很懒。他不喜欢工作。考查形容词辨析。strict严格的；funny有趣的；lazy懒惰的；boring无聊 的。根据“He doesn't like to work”可知,汤姆很懒。故选C。5.1fs usually in South China.A.to rainB.rainyC.rainsD.rain【答案】B【解析】句意：中国南方经常下雨。考查形容词作表语。由“It's”为“t is”的缩写，is为系动词，后面跟形容词作表语。rainy有雨的，形容词，故选B。6.1 found the doorwhen I got home.A. openedB. closeC. unlockingD. open【答案】D【解析】解析：find后接形容词做宾语补足语，open的形容词为open,而close的形容词为closed。答案为D。7.1 find this computer game to play.A. enough easyB. easy enough C. enough easily D. easily enough【答案】B【解析】本题考察到enough修饰形容词时，位置应放在形容词之后。另固定搭配find+宾语+adj.：发现怎么样，故答案为B。8.The students from Xinjiang enjoy staying in our school because everyone is to them.A. friendlyB. gentlyC. happily D. politely【答案】A【解析】系动词is后接形容词构成系表结构；而选项B、C、D都是副词，故选A；牢记“以ly结尾”的形容词对 解题时非常关键的。能力提升练二、按照单词的适当形式填空。1. What is the most animal in the forest? (power)2. It is for him to finish the job in two hours. He is so slow, (possible)1. 1t is not to eat food with Sudan I (苏丹红 1 号).(safely)4. Lily is enough to get the prize in the 2006 Shanghai Junior High School English Contest,(luck)5. One starry night, when the seven little dwarfs went back home from work, they found something atonce, (usual)【答案】1 .powerful 2.impossible 3.safe 4.1ucky 5. unusual一、完型填空A few months ago, Kim found there was something wrong with her dogJake. His eyes had stopped producing tears (眼泪)，and it was clear he was in a lot of 1. Kim took him to the doctor's, and the doctoradvised to have his eyeballs removed. "I finally made a difficult decision and 2 the doctor to make himmore comfortable,9 Kim explained.When Jake came back home, he 3 to be afraid to climb stairs for the first time. However, something4 took place. Addie, his dog sister and partner, realized his problem and decided to help. uShe came down the stairs, stood next to him and then walked back up as if to show him the 5 J Kim said. "I was totallymoved by Addie. She was such a good partner. I watched 6, hoping Addie's plan would work, and it did.”Kim tied a bell around Addie's neck 7 it could help Jake find Addie more easily. Addie continued to8 Jake while he got used to his new condition （状况）.Now Jake doesn't need Addie to 9 the bell anymore. He's able to hang around the house and places thathe often visits easily. But whenever Jake and Addie visit some 10 places, Addie works as a guide dogagain. What a good dog sister and partner!B.painC.courageD.surprise2.A.played withB.fought withC.agreed with0.worked with3. A. appearedB. wantedC.hoped0.decidedB.amazingC.terribleD.seriousB.shapeC.timeD.wayB.correctlyC.quickly0.suddenlyB.whenC.if0.because8.A.care forB.look forC.pay forD.ask forB.wearC.buyD.hearB.brightC.newD.dark【答案】1-5 BCABD 6-10ADABC【文章大意】本文主要讲述了 Kim的爱犬Jake因病移除眼球后便看不见了，Jake的姐姐兼伙伴Addie充当他的“导盲犬” 的故事。【解析】1句意：他的眼睛已经不再流泪了,很明显他很痛苦。fun乐趣；pain痛苦；courage勇气；surprise惊喜。 根据"His eyes had stopped producing tears.可知，Jake的眼睛不再流眼泪，由此可知他应是生病了，结合选 项可知，生病的他应是痛苦的。故选B。2 .句意：我最终做出了一个艰难的决定，同意医生的意见，让他舒服一些。played with和玩；fought with与争斗；agreed with 同意；worked with 和一起工作。根据上文“.and the doctor advised to have hiseyeballs removed.to make him more comfortable,”可知，为了让 Jake 舒服一些，主人 Kim 同意医生移除 Jake 的眼球的建议。故选C。3 .句意：当Jake回到家后，他第一次爬楼梯时显得很害怕。appeared显得；wanted想要；hoped希望；decided 决定。根据第一段可知，Jake移除了眼球，也就是说他以后都看不见东西了，所以当他回家后第一次爬楼 梯时会显得很害怕。故选A。4 .句意：然而，令人惊奇的事情发生了。simple简单的；amazing令人惊奇的；terrible糟糕的；serious严重 的。根据下文“Addie, his dog sister and partner, realized his problem and decided to help.”可知,Jake 的伙伴 Addie 意识到了他的问题并决定帮助失明的他，这是令人惊奇的事情。故选B。5 .句意：她走下楼梯，站在他旁边，然后又走回来，好像要给他指路。size大小；shape形状；time时间； way路。根据第一段可知，Jake移除眼球后便看不见东西了，所以Addie应是帮失明的Jake指路。故选D。 6句意:我紧张地看着，希望Addie的计划能成功，结果成功了。nervously紧张不安地；correctly正确地； quickly 快速地；suddenly 突然。根据"I watched.hoping Addie plan would work.可知，主人 Kim 看着 Addie 领Jake走路时希望Addie这样的做法能成功，由此可知Kim此时并不知道Addie的做法能否奏效，所以他 应是紧张地看着它们。故选A。7 .句意:Kim在Addie的脖子上系了一个铃铛，因为它可以帮助Jake更容易找到Addie。until 直至!J； when 当时;if 如果;because 因为。分析句子可知，“it could help Jake find Addie more easily/9是“Kim tied a bell around Addie neck”的原因，由此可知此空前后两句是因果关系，且后句为原因，所以此 空应填because引导原因状语从句。故选D。8 .句意：Addie继续照顾Jake,让他适应他的新情况。care for照料；look for寻找；pay for支付；ask for请 求。根据第一段可知，Jake移除眼球后就看不见了，结合选项可知，Addie应是要继续照顾他以便他能适应 新情况。故选A。9 .句意：现在Jake不需要Addie再戴铃铛了。record记录；wear戴；buy买；hear听见。根据第三段“Kim tied a bell around Addie's neck because it could help Jake find Addie more easily."和下文"He's able to hang around the house and places that he often visits easily.”可知，之前Kim在Addie的脖子上系一个铃铛是为了方便Jake找 到Addie,现在Jake能在熟悉的地方单独走动了，所以Addie便不需要再戴铃铛了。故选B。1。.句意：但每当Jake和Addie参观一些新的地方，Addie又当导盲犬了。old旧的；bright明亮的；new新 的；dark 黑暗的。根据上文"He's able to hang around the house and places that he often visits easily.”和选项可知， 现在Jake只能在他熟悉的地方走动，由此可知当Addie又要当导盲犬是因为他们要去一些之前没去过的新 地方。故选C。