高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册词汇讲义素材.docx

选择性必修一部分单词英文释义Unitl1 .committed adj. willing to work very hard at something 尽心尽力的， 坚定的， 坚信2 . commit vt. to say that someone will definitely do something or must do something 承诺，保证（某个人、机构等）vi.忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动等）3 .evaluate vt. to judge how good, useful, or successful something is 评价, 评估4 . obtain vt. to get something that you want, especially through your own effort, skill, or work（尤指经努力）获得；赢得vi.（规章、习俗等）存在；流行5 .acknowledge vt. to admit or accept that something is true or that a situation exists 承 认（属实、权威等）6. insist vi. & vt. to demand that something should happen 坚持； 坚决要求insist on: to say or show that you believe that something is necessary or very important坚决要求7. vital adj. extremely important and necessary for something to succeed or exist 必 不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的Unit21. persuade vt. to make someone decide to do sth, by giving them reasons why they should do it; to make someone believe sth.说服，劝月艮使相信2. switch vt. to replace one thing with another, or exchange things 转换vi.&vt. to change from doing or using one thing to doing or using another （使） 改变转变n. an equipment that starts/stops 开关3.distant adj. far away in space or time 遥远的， 远处的；unfriendly 疏远的；thinking deeply about sth private, rather than about what is happening心不在焉的4.secure adj. you can depend on because it is not likely to change 可靠的， 稳定的； safe 安全的 vt. to get; to make sth safe; to fasten or tie something firmly 获得；保护；系紧5 . routine n. the usual order in which you do things, or the things you regularly do 常规；正常程序adj. happening as a normal part of a job or process 常规的； 日常的6 .preference n. like it more than another thing and will choose it if you can 偏爱, 偏好1 .instant n. a moment 瞬间；片亥Uadj. happening immediately; the foodprepared by adding hot water立即的；速食的；速溶的8 .command n. an order; the control of a group of people/situation 指令； 命令； 控 制vt. to tell someone officially to do something; to control 命令； 控制9 .potential adj. likely to develop into a particular type of person or thing in the future可能的；潜在的n. the possibility that something will develop in a particular way, or have a particular effect 潜力；可能性10.available adj. is able to be used or can easily be bought or found; someone is not busy and has enough time可获得的；可购得的；（人）有空的11.relevant adj. closely connected with the subject you are discussing or the situation you are thinking about有关的Unit31 .buffet vt. （of wind, rain, etc.） to hit something repeatedly and with great force （风、雨等）连续猛击，打来打去n. a meal where people serve themselves different types of usually cold food 自 助餐2 .edge n. the part of an object that is furthest from its center 边； 边缘vt.&vi. to move gradually with several small movements, or to make something do this （使）徐徐移动3 .vast adj. extremely large巨大的，庞大的，辽阔的4 .ban vt. to say that something must not be done, seen, used etc. 禁止，取缔n. an official order that prevents something from being used or done 禁止, 禁令5 .visible adj. something that is visible can be seen看得见的，可见的6 .accompany vt. to go somewhere with someone; to happen or exist at the same time as something else; to play a musical instrument while someone sings a song 陪伴； 伴 随；为伴奏7 .adopt vt. to accept or start to use something new 接受； 采用； 采纳vt.&vi. to take someone else's child into your home and legally become its parent 收养，领养8 . appeal vi. seems attractive and interesting; to make a request for help/money/information; to make a formal request to a court 有吸弓I 力；呼吁；恳求； 上诉9 .wander vt.&vi. to walk slowly across or around an area, usually without a clear direction or purpose 闲逛;漫游 vi. to walk away from where you are supposed to stay; no longer pay attention to sth., especially because you are bored or worried 走失； 离 散；走神n. a short walk in or around a place, usually with no special purpose闲逛；徘徊；流浪10 .amuse vt. to make time pass in an enjoyable way, so that you do not get bored （提 供）消遣；（使）娱乐amusement n. the feeling you have when you think something is funny 娱乐； 愉悦11 .swing vt.&vi. to make movements forwards and backwards or from one side to another while hanging; to move quickly in a smooth curve in one direction （swing, swung, swung）（使）摆动；摇摆；转弯；（使）突然转向 n.摆动，转动;（情绪、想法、状况等）改变；秋千12 .display n. an arrangement of things for people to look at or buy 展览； 陈歹ll ； 展品vt. to clearly show a feeling/attitude, or quality by what you do/say; to show sth. to people显示；陈列13 .entertainment n. things such as films, television, performances etc. that are intended to amuse or interest people; entertain someone at home, or for business 娱乐; 文娱节目；招待Unit41 .vary vi. it changes depending on the situation; to change something to make it different （根据情况）变化；改变2 .approve vi. to think that someone or something is good, right, or suitable 赞成； 同后、vt. to officially accept a plan, proposal etc.扑匕准； 通过3 .witness vt. to see something happen, especially a crime/accident; to experience important events/changes 当场看到； 目击； 见证n. someone who sees a crime/an accident and can describe what happened; someone who say what they know about a crime/event 目击者； 证人4 .employ vt. to use a particular object/method/ski 11 etc. in order to achieve something; to pay someone to work for you 使用； 应用； 雇佣5 .differ vi. to be different from sth. in some way; have opposite opinions 相异； 不 同于；有异议，有分歧6 .favor n. something that you do for someone in order to help them; support/agreement for sth. such as a plan/idea/system 帮助； 恩惠； 赞同vt. to prefer someone or something to other things or people, especially when there are several to choose from; to provide suitable conditions for something to happen较喜欢；选择；有利于7 .break down to change people's attitudes; to separate it into smaller parts; a machine/vehicle stops working; to get sick 消除；分解；打破；（机器等）坏了；（身 体）垮了8 .tendency n. if someone or something has a tendency to do or become a particular thing, they are likely to do or become it 倾向9 .occupy vt. use something such as a room, seat, or bed; if something occupies you or your time, you are busy doing it; to enter a place in a large group and keep control of it, especially by military force; to have an official position or job 占据（空间）； 占用（时间）；侵占，占领；担任（某职）10 .distinguish v. to recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people 区别，辨别11 .embarrassed adj. feeling nervous and uncomfortable and worrying about what people think of you感到尴尬的，感到难堪的embarrassing adj. making you feel ashamed, nervous,uncomfortable 使人尴尬的, 使人难堪的12 .bother vi. to annoy someone, especially by interrupting them when they are trying to do something; to make the effort to do something 打扰,麻烦；费事，烦心Unit513 .devote vt. to use all or most of your time, effort etc in order to do something or help someone致力，献身，倾注14 boost v. to increase or improve something and make it more successful 促进，推 动，使兴旺n. something that gives someone more confidence, or that helps something increase, improve, or become successful 激励，帮助；增长3 .yield n. the amount of profits, crops etc that something produces 产量； 收益4 .convince vt. to make someone feel certain that something is true 使确信； 使信月艮 convinced adj. feeling certain that something is true 确信的， 信服的5 .assume v. to think that something is true, although you do not have definite proof 假定，设想6 .overcome v. to successfully control a feeling or problem; to fight and win against someone or something克服(困难)；征服，战胜7 . expand v. 1) to become larger in size, number, or amount, or to make something become larger;扩大，增加2) to open new shops, factories etc; 扩展，发展业务3) to give more details about something you have said written 2田谈， 详述8 .estimate vt. to try to judge the value, size, speed, cost etc of something, without calculating it exactly 估计，估算n. a calculation of the value, size, amount etc of something 估计，估算9 .domestic adj. 1) relating to or happening in one particular country and not involving any other countries 国内的 2) relating to family relationships and life at home 家庭 的，家务事的10 .comprise vt. to consist of particular parts, groups etc.包括, 由构成