2019届陕西省渭南市尚德高三上学期第一次教学质量检测英语试题（解析版）.docx

渭南市尚德20182019学年度第一学期高三第一次教学质量检测英语试题命题人：李亚红审题人：姚晓雅本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分。（满分150分;考试时间120分钟）注意：第3640题，如果选择E,答题卡涂AB;选择F,涂AC;选择G,涂AD。 第I卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题L 5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?C.£9.15.A. £19.15.B.£9.18.答案是C。1 .What does the man want to do?A. Take photos.B. Buy a camera.C. Help the woman.2 .What are the speakers talking about?A. A noisy night.3 .Where is the man now?A. On his way.4 .What will Celia do?A. Find a player.B. Their life in town.B. In a restaurant.B. Watch a game.C. A place of living.C. At home.C. Play basketball.5 .What day is it when the conversation takes place?A. Saturday.B. Sunday.C. Monday.第二节（共15小题；每小题L 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。14. What is important according to the fourth paragraph?A. Reading skills. B. Reading speed.C. Reading materials. D. Reading environment.15. The best title for the passage would be.A. Children Spend More Time Reading with ParentsB. Parents Are Their Child's First TeacherC. How Parents Make Their Child a Better ReaderD. How to Improve Children's Reading Ability【答案】12.B13. D 14. D 15. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了经常与父母一起阅读的孩子更容易成为优秀的阅读者，在父母的帮助下， 孩子们会提高阅读技巧。并详细阐述了父母如何使孩子成为更好的阅读者。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段 Parents help their children build listening, phonics, prehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them.可知家长对孩子大声的阅读，会帮助他们建立听力、发音、理解和词汇技能。 即家长对孩子大声的阅读对孩子的阅读是有帮助的，故选Bo13题详解】词义猜测题。由文中第四自然段 Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy一television and limit the time their children spend watching television.可知电视是影响孩子阅读的敌人， 所以当Louise Joinesl4岁的女儿和10岁的儿子享受阅读的快乐时，电视就会成为使他们分心的东西，所以 distraction的意思是“分心”，选项D符合意思，故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。第四段主要讲了为了避免电视成为孩子阅读的障碍，不建议在孩子的卧室安装电视，而且列 举了 Louise Jones的例子，为了避免电视使孩子分心，Louise Jones营造全家都读书的氛围。所以从本段可 以知道阅读环境是很重要的，故选D。15题详解】主旨大意题。主要讲述了经常与父母一起阅读的孩子更容易成为优秀的阅读者，在父母的帮助下，孩子们 会提高阅读技巧。并详细阐述了父母如何使孩子成为更好的阅读者。所以文章最好的题目是选项C,故选 Co第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。16You don't show your secret personality when you 're awake because you can control your behavior, but when you're asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you. 17 The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.If you go to sleep on your back, you're a very open person. You normally trust people and you are easily influenced by fashion or new ideas. You don't like to upset people, so you never express your real feelings. 18If you sleep on your stomach, you are a rather secretive person. You worry a lot and you're always easily upset. You9re very stubborn, but you aren't very ambitious. 19 This means that you enjoy having a good time. If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced personality. 20 You're usually careful. You have a confident personality. You sometimes feel anxious, but you don't often get depressed. You always say what you think even if it annoys people.A. You're quite shy and you aren't very confident.B. You know your strengths and weaknesses.C. Everyone has got two personalities - the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real.D. You usually live for today not for tomorrow.E. Maybe you don't want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up.F. In a normal night, of course, people frequently change their position.G. Normally people seldom change their sleeping position.【答案】16. C 17. F18. A 19. D20. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。每个人都有两个性格-一个是向世界展现的，另一个是秘密和真实的。当你醒着的时 候，你不会显示你的秘密人格，因为你可以控制你的行为，但是当你睡着了，你的睡眠状态可以显示出你 真正的性格。16题详解】选项C提出每个人都有两个性格，其中一个是秘密和真实的，与下句话You don't show your secret personality when you are awake because you can control your behavior, but when you are asleep, your sleeping position shows the real you所阐述的相对应，这句话讲的是当你醒着的时候，你不会显示你的秘密人格，因为你可 以控制你的行为，但是当你睡着了，你的睡眠状态显示出你真正的性格，选项C与下一句话是承上启下的 关系，符合语境，故选C。【17题详解】根据下句话The important position is the one that you go to sleep in.可知晚上睡觉的时候，人们经常改变睡 觉的姿态，重要的是你入睡时的那个姿势。故此处选项F符合语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据 You don't like to displease people. So you never express your real feelings 可知，你不喜欢使别人不开心， 所以你永远不会表达你的真实感受，从这句话可知你很害羞，并且不自信，选项A符合语境，故选A。【19题详解】根据下一句This means that you enjoy having a good time.也就是说，你喜欢享受生活。选线D：通常你为 今天而不为明天而生活。与下句话中的“享受生活”相对应，符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据上句话 If you sleep on your side, you have usually got a well-balanced personality.可知，如果侧着睡觉, 你通常会有一个平衡的个性，与选项B“你知道你的优点和缺点”相对应，选线B符合语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WindowBill and John, both seriously ill, lived in the same room at Marie Hospital. John lived next to the only window of the room and was allowed to 21 in his bed and watch for an hour every day. But Bill had to spend all his time 22 on his back.They became friends soon and talked for hours every day. They spoke of their families, their children, their hobbies, and their 23 in the American army. Each day John would sit up and 24 to his roommate Bill what he could see outside the window.Through John's description, Bill's world was 25 and brightened by all the activities and colors of the outside world. The window overlooked a beautiful park with a lovely 26, John told Bill. Ducks played onthe water 27 children sailed their model boats. And a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance. As John described all these 28、Bill would close his eyes and 29 the picturesque scene. Billwas recovering 30, However, John became weak day by day.Late one night, Bill was lying in bed 31 the ceiling when John began to cough seriously. Then doctors and nurses rushed to the room. Thirty minutes later, John 32 coughing. Now, there was only silence The following morning, Bill was moved to the bed next to the window at his request. Slowing and 34 he supported himself up on one elbow to take the first look. But to his 35, he could see nothing but a36 walLOnly at that moment did he begin to realize that the pursuit of happiness was a matter of 37, It was apositive attitude we chose to express. It was not a gift that got 38 to our doorstep each morning, nor did it e through the window. It was an inward journey. Whether a man is happy or not depends on his own thoughts39 anything outward.So Bill began to describe the 40 world to his new roommate that he saw through the only window of theroom.21. A. stand upB. sit upC. set up D. stay up22. A. lyingB. dependingC. going D. relying23. A. serviceB. adviceC. appearance D. violence24. A. explainB. plainC. describe D. introduce25. A. affectedB. broadened C. damaged D. expanded26. A. towerB. lake C. statue D. hill27. A. whileB. though C. unless D. until28. A. in addition B. in general C. in brief D. in detail29. A. see B. remember C. imagine D. recognize30. A. up to now B. little by little C. sooner or later D. one by one31. A. thinking about B. staring at C. holding up D. fixing on32. A. stopped B. continued C. avoided D. survived33. A. deadly B. dead C. breathless D. aimless34. A. regretfully B. fortunately C. particularly D. hopefully35. A. surprise B. delight C. relief D. anger36. A. simple B. blank C. colored D. painted37. A. consideration B. expression C. choice D. practice38. A. deliveredB. decorated C. devoted D. determined39. A. more thanB. better than C. other than D. rather than40. A. friendlyB. yearly C. lively D. likely【答案】21. B22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31.B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. B 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. C【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。通过一个故事阐明了一个道理：幸福是一种选择。这是我们选择表达的一种 积极的态度。一个人是否幸福取决于他自己的思想而不是外在的东西。【22题详解】考查动词词组辨析。stand up站起来；sit up坐直，坐起来；set up建立；stay up熬夜，不睡觉。病人可以” 坐起来”看窗外，另外第二段最后一句话Each day John would sit up也有提示，故选B。22题详解】考查动词辨析。考躺着;depend依靠；go去；rely依靠。从后文on his back可知比尔只能每天躺着（lie）,故选Ao23题详解】考查名词辨析。service服务；advice建议；appearance外貌；violence暴力。此处两人聊起了在部队当兵的 共同经历，service in the army意为”在部队服役"，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词辨析。explain解释；plain抱怨；describe描述;introduce介绍。约翰向病友比尔,描述”（describe） 窗外的景象，且第三段首句有description提示，故选C。25题详解】考查动词辨析。affect 影响；broaden 扩大；damage 毁掉；expand 发展，壮大。broadened and brightened 相 搭配，通过约翰的描述，比尔的世界”更开阔了“（broaden）,故选B。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。tower塔；lake湖；statue雕像;hill山丘。从后文中Ducks played on the water可知此处应 当是描写公园里有一个湖（Eke）,故选B。【27题详解】考查连词辨析。while当的时候；though虽然;unless除非;until直到才。while作连词表示前者和后 者相对应。湖面上鸭子在游玩，而孩子们在开模型船，两者相对应，故选A。【28题详解】考查固定词组辨析。in addition另外；in general 一般地，概括地；in brief简言之；in detail详细地。此处指的是当约翰详细地（in detail）描述这一切的时候，比尔会闭上眼睛想象着图画般的景色，故选D。【29题详解】考查动词辨析。see看见；remember记得；imagine想象；recognize认出。比尔看不见窗外的景色，只能根 据约翰的描述来想象（imagine）,故选C。【30题详解】考查固定词组辨析。up to now直到现在；little by little 一点一点地；sooner orlater迟早；one by one 一个 接一个。修饰was recovering,由常识可知病情是一点一点(little by little)好起来的，故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词组辨析。think about考虑;stare at盯着;hold up举起;fix on选定,确定。ceiling是“天花板” 的意思，此处比尔躺在床上盯着(stareat)天花板，故选B。32题详解】考查动词辨析。stop停止；continue继续；avoid避免;survive幸存。后句 Now, there was only silence表明 约翰死了，所以应该选择”停止(stop)咳嗽”，故选A。【33题详解】考查形容词辨析。deadly致命的，极其的；dead死的；breathless气喘吁吁的，喘不上气来；aimless漫无 目的。句中修饰silence,应当用deadly,意为”死一般的寂静”,故选A。【34题详解】考查副词辨析。regretfully后悔地，遗憾地；fortunately幸运地；particularly特别地；hopefully充满希望地。比尔一直渴望看到窗外的风景，因此要求转到约翰的床上去，所以他”充满希望地”(hopefully)支起胳膊 看窗外，故选D。【35题详解】考查名词辨析。to one's surprise令人吃惊的是；to one's delight令人高兴的是；to one's relief令人释然的是;to onek anger令人愤怒的是。比尔满心期待，却没有看到约翰所描述的景象，应当是感到吃惊，故选A。【36题详解】考查形容词辨析。simple简单的；blank空白的；colored有颜色的;painted涂油漆的。比尔满心期待，却 看到一面空白的墙(a blank wall),故选B。37题详解】考查名词辨析。consideration考虑;expression表达；choice选择；practice练习，实践。从后文中we chose to express可以看出是”一种态度的选择”，应当用choice,故选C。38题详解】考查动词辨析。deliver投递，送交；decorate装饰；devote奉献；determine下决心。句意:开心不是每天 早上送到(deliver)门口的礼物，故选A。【39题详解】考查短语辨析。more than 超过；better than 胜过，好于;other than 除了; rather than 而不是。rather than 连 接两个部分，肯定前者，否定后者。句意为“是否幸福取决于一个人的态度而不是(rather than)外界的因 素。故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词辨析。friendly友好的；yearly年度的；lively生动的；likely可能的。比尔给他的新同事描述这 个生动而充满活力的(lively)世界，其他三项不符合题意，故选C。第II卷第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Friendship is indispensable(不可缺少的)to people's life. A man without friends is like an angel without wings,41 life will suffer in the long tolerance of loneliness and depression. Friendship is the mother of our soul, who will warm her kid if hurt 42 (occur). We have many things such as happiness, 43 (excite) and bitterness, to share with our friends in life, etc. Thus, it is important 44 (maintain) a true friendship.It takes many special qualities to make a friend. Understanding should e first. Only 45 we get a better understanding of each other can we gain 46 authentic and meaningful friendship.It also takes a special kind of love that seems to have no end. Never hesitate to show your kindness to your friend when he/she is 47 trouble. Love is not selfish. Love is such a valuable quality 48 (give) by God that we should treasure it all our life.Tolerance is the 49 (three) essential part in friendship. We are 50 (absolute) different persons. This individual distinction may cause conflict. But just try to tolerate others so that you can maintain your friendship.【答案】41. whose42. occurs 43. excitement44. to maintain45. when 46. an47. in 48. given49. third 50. absolutely【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了友谊是人们生活中不可缺少的部分，并且介绍了交朋友的三个品质：理解、 爱和容忍。41题详解】考查代词。分析句子可知后半部分是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为a man,先行词在从句中作定语修 饰名词life,要用关系代词whose指代先行词，故填whose。42题详解】考查谓语动词。因if引导的条件状语从句的主语是单数名词hurt,本句话用的是一般现在时，所以谓语动 词用第三人称单数形式，故填。ccurs。43题详解】考查名词。由本空格前面的happiness以及后面的bitterness可知，这里应该填excite的名词形式。故填 excitement o【44题详解】考查不定式。由it is+形容词+t。do sth.的结构可知这里填不定式，在此结构中，不定式是真正的主语，it 是形式主语。故填to maintain。45题详解】考查连词。句意：只有当我们更好地相互了解，我们才能获得一份真挚和有意义的友谊。根据句意可知此 处需要when表示“当的时候”，来引导时间状语从句，故填when。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：只有当我们更好地相互了解，我们才能获得一份真挚和有意义的友谊。friendship是抽象 名词，抽象名词一般是不可数的，但当它前面有修饰语时其前面可加冠词a或者an。又因为authentic是元 音开头，所以此处填冠词an,故填an。【47题详解】考查固定词组。in trouble意为“在困难中”，为固定搭配。故填in,48题详解】考查非谓语。此处本句已经有谓语动词is,故give在此作非谓语。又由后面的“by God"可知是被动关系， 故用过去分词given作后置定语来修饰名词quality,故填giveno【49题详解】考查序数词。根据上文提到交朋友的两个品质理解和爱，可知此处容忍是第三个品质，所以此处应用three 的序数词third,表示“第三个品质”故填third。50题详解】考查副词。此处用于修饰空格后的形容词different,要用副词absolutely来修饰形容词different,故填 absolutely o【点睛】语法填空题的考查形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，这十处空白分为两种：有 提示词和不给提示词。有提示词的要求考生根据上下文填写所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语通常不会 多于3个单词。不给提示词主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。具体考查形式有以下几种：给出动词的基本形态：词性、词形转化（转为名词、形容词）；填写谓语动词（此时要考虑动词的时态 和语态，可能需要填写两个或三个词）；填写非谓语动词；例如第四个空填t。maintain,考查的是非谓语；第八个空填given,考查的是非谓语。二、给出形容词：词性、词形转化，转化为副词；考查形容词的比较级、最高级或是填写反义词（前缀）; 例如第十个空填absolutely,考查的是词性、词形转化，把形容词转化为副词。三、给出副词：考查副词的比较级、最高级或是反义词。四、给出名词：考查名词的单复数。五、不给提示词主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。例如第一个空填whose,考查的是代词；第六个空填an,考查的是冠词；第七个空填in,考查的是介词。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school. She holds a view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons. It seems to me that once I am allowed to do that, Til unable to control myself and forget all about my study. She also thinks it is bad for my eye. But I really can't accept her ideas. In my opinion, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a day's hardly work. Besides, it is important for us to know what had happened at home and abroad. However, we shouldn't be forbidden to watch TV. 【答案】I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after withschool. She holds a view that senior three students have to make fiillv use ofthefullevery minute to work hard at their lessons. It seems to me that once I amherallowed to do that, I:11A unable to control myself and forget all about my bestudy. She also thinks it is bad for my eye. But I really cani accept her ideas.eyesIn my opinion, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a day's hardly work.watchinghardBesides：it is important for us to know what had happened at home andhasabroad. However, we shouldn't be forbidden to watch TVHowever-Thus Therefore【解析】试题分析：【小题1】about玲with .固定搭配quarrel with sb over/about sth与某人讨论某事。【小题2】view前加the本句中view后面有定语修饰，说明这是一个表示特指的用法，故使用the。【小题3】fully玲full.后面有名词use,说明这里使用形容词full做定语来修饰名词。【小题4】mefher句意分析：对她来说，一旦我被允许看电视，我就不能控制自己而忘记自己的作业。【小题5 unable前加be形容词unble在句中不能单独做谓语，前面要加上系动词be构成系表结构。【小题6】eye玲eyes对我的眼睛有害，眼睛通常用复数形式来表示。【小题7】watch玲watching本句中使用动名词短语在句中做主语。【小题8 working玲work work本身就可以作为名词，用hard来修饰。【小题9】had玲has本句前面使用了 is。说明这里应该使用现在完成时的时态来表示一切。【小题10】at abroad玲abroad副词abroad表示在国外，要单独使用，不需要介词。考点：考查学生对词汇语法的掌握情况点评：答题中注意句子中人称和数是否一致，时态是否一致。各种词性之间的区别以及一些常用句型，