2020届湖南省长沙市第一高三第一次月考英语试题（解析版）.docx

长沙市2020届高三月考试卷（一）英语试题第一部分听力（共两节满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对 话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来问答有关小题和阅读下题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18 C. £9. 15.答案是C.1. What does the man want to eat?A. A hamburger with fries.B. A hamburger with onions C. A cheeseburger with onions.2. What will the man do on Saturday?A. Get some work done.B. Visit his friends C Have lunch with the woman.3. How many jobs does the woman have?A. One. B. Two. C. Three 4. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. The teachers notes.B The content of the final exam C. The materials needed for the test.5. Where was the woman this morning?A. In the classroom. NB. In the gym. C In the library.第二节（共15小题；每小题L 5分，满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题芋每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料.问答第6、7题。6. What does the man like most about the movie?2田节理解题。 由 We could see an enormous plume of smoke rising in the distance, but didn，t know where it was ing from until, a few seconds later, the NBC reporter stationed at the Pentagon broke into the New York coverage to say that he felt the ground shake beneath him as he heard an explosion一obviously the same one that had just surprised my students.可知作者和他的学生在飞 机撞向五角大楼后，起初还以为是汽车发动机的声音。接着才看到升起的浓烟,然后派驻五角大楼的新闻记 者报道证实五角大楼被撞。可知巨大的爆炸声是由飞机撞击五角大楼引起的。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第四段 His mom worked in the Pentagon, and when he tried to get her on his cellphone he could not get through.（他的母亲在五角大楼工作，当他试图用 联系她时，却打不通。）可知那个 足球运动员失去了自控力，因为他无法联系他的妈妈。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章 的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时: 同学们应严格 依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的 词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。以本文第题为例，根据 第一段 On September 11, 2001, I was in the second week of the new school year with my senior English class at T. C. Williams High School just a few miles south of the Pentagon. （2001 年 9 月 11 日, 我在新学年的第二周，在五角大楼以南几英里的T.C.威廉姆斯高中上英语四年级。）以及第二段中I've always believed in never letting school get in the way of my students， education.（我一直认为， 永远不耍让妨碍我的学生的教育。）可知作者2001年9月11日，作者是一位老师，在一所教书。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Delayed onset （开始）muscle soreness is a mon result of physical activities that stress the muscle tissue beyond what it is accustomed to. Performing any type of physical activity, including working out, can cause delayed onset muscle soreness. 12Vary your exercise routine. 13 Mix up your physical activities by doing both cardio（心' 脏的）and weight training.Warm up and cool down for 5-10 minutes each. Do a slower version of your exercise before and afterwards. Warming up helps to warm your muscles in preparation. 14Stop before your body is physically overtaxed（使 超负荷）or in pain. If you arc doing a physical activity and start to feel pain, then it's time to take a break or stop entirely for the day.15 Signals of a worn-out muscle system can include sharp pains, cramps （抽筋）,or even loss of muscle power.16 A foam （泡沫）roller is exactly what it sounds like, a small tube-shaped piece of foam. Sit on an exercise mat on the floor and position the roller to one side of your sore muscles. Apply gentle pressure as you roll the foam over your muscles. Repeat this rolling motion until you feel your muscles begin to release.A. Apply a foam roller to your sore muscles for 5-10 minutes.B. Cooling down allows your body temperature to return to resting levels.C. It's also important to build up any training plan slowly to avoid overtaxing your body early on.D. If you perform the same action day after day, then your muscles will get overly tired, instead of strengthening.E. Most of the soreness should only last for 24-72 hours, but there are ways to avoid the delayed onset muscle soreness.F. Before running or playing an intensive sport, the athletes might slowly jog to warm their muscles and increase their heart rate.G. However, delayed onset muscle soreness isn t necessarily as bad as it sounds, for it's a sign that your body is on the move to improvements in strength.【答案】12. E 13. D14. B 15. C16. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍避免肌肉酸痛的延迟发作的一些方法。【12题详解】根据上文 Performing any type of physical activity, including working out, can cause delayed onset muscle soreness.（进行任何类型的体育活动，包括锻炼，都会导致肌肉酸痛延迟发作。）以及下文为介绍 避免肌肉酸痛的延迟发作的方法。可知选E “大部分的疼痛应该只持续24-72小时，但是有一些方法可以 避免肌肉酸痛的延迟发作。”故选E。【13题详解】不艮据下文 Mix up your physical activities by doing both cardio and weight training.（通过有氧 运动和重量训练来混合你的身体活动。）可知是在建议采取不同的方式锻炼，以避免肌肉过度疲劳而导致酸 痛。故选D。【14题详解】根据本段小标题 Warm up and cool down for 5-10 minutes each.（热身和冷却各 5-10 分钟。）中 cool down 可对应到B选项中Cooling downo表示“降温使你的体温恢复到休息的水平。”故选B。【15题详解】根据本段小标题 Stop before your body is physically over-taxedor in pain.（在你的身体过度劳累 或疼痛之前停止。）中over-taxedor可对应到C选项中overtaxing,表示“同样重要的是，制定一个缓慢 的训练计划，以避免你的身体在早期过度劳累。”符合语境。故选C。【16题详解】根据 卜文 A foam roller is exactly what it sounds like, a small tube-shaped piece of foam.（泡 沫滚轮就是它听起来的样子，一个小的管状泡沫。）中foam可对应到A选项Apply a foam roller to your sore muscles for 5-10 minutes.（在酸痛的肌肉上使用泡沫滚轮5To分钟。）符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Can you imagine hearing a big explosion as your plane climbs through 3,000 feet? It sounds 17 for me. I had a （n）18 seat that day where I could talk to the flight attendants.When I looked anxiously, they said, No problem. We 19 hit some birds. The 20 had already turned the plane around, and we weren，t that far from the airport of Manhattan. Two minutes later, the pilot 21 the plane with the Hudson River, and this was usually not the 22.He 23 the engines. Then, no sound could be heard in the plane. And then the pilot said four words, which were the most 24 four words I'd ever heard. He said, “Hold on for crash. I didn，t have to talk to the flight attendants anymore. What I could see in their eyes was 25 Life was over.Now I want to share with you what I 26 about myself that day. Everything changes 27 People always have a bucket list in which there are a lot of things they want to do in life. In that moment, I thought about all the people I wanted to 28 that I hadn，t, all the fences I wanted to mend, all the 29 I wanted to have and I never did. I no longer want to 30 anything in life. And I 31 the time I wasted on things that did not matter. I also thought about my 32 with my wife, with my friends, with people. Andthat 33 has really changed my life.I was given the gift of a(n) 34 of not dying that day. I was given another 35which was to be able to see into the future and e back and live 36.17.A.fortingB.annoyingC.nervousD.scary18.A.embarrassingB.uniqueC.monD.interesting19.A.impossiblyB.especiallyC.fortunatelyD.probably20.A.flight attendantsB.passengerC.pilot D. birds21.A.lined upB.put upC.looked upD.took up22.A.routeB.placeC.roadD.time23.A.turned downB.turned upC.turned offD.turned on24.A.unsatisfiedB.unavoidableC.unprofessionalD.unemotional25.A.satisfactionB.excitementC.terrorD.anger26.A.forgotB.learnedC.worriedD.talked27.A.in the distanceB.in an instantC.in no caseD.in no sense28.A.watch out forB.jump out ofC.reach out toD.run out of29.A.experimentsB.experiencesC.expectationsD.expressions30.A.handleB.changeC.achieveD.postpone31.A.regrettedB.missedC.rememberedD.valued32.A.relationshipB.membershipC.scholarshipD.friendship33.A.storyB.tendencyC.victoryD.emergency34.A.talentB.wonderC.challengeD.opportunity35.A.lifeB.chanceC.giftD.feeling36.A.difficultlyB.differentlyC.patientlyD.seriously【答案】17. D 18. B19. D 20. C21. A22. A 23. C24.D 25. C 26. B27.B28. C 29.B30. D 31. A32.A 33. D 34. B35. B 36. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者经历的一次坐飞机遭遇的紧急情况，使作者领悟到自己得到了另一次生活的机会，那就是能够展望未来，回来后以不同的方式生活。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你能想象当你的飞机爬越3000英尺时听到巨大的爆炸声吗?听起来很吓人。A. forting令人安慰的;B. annoying讨厌的;C. nervous紧张的;D.scary可怕的。根据上文可知是很 可怕的。故选D。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天我有一个特别的座位，我可以和空乘人员交谈。句意：A. embarrassing 尴尬的;B. unique 独特的;C. mon 共同的;D. interesting 有趣的。根据下文 where I could talk to the flight attendants可知这个位置很特别考验跟空乘人员交谈。故选B。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们可能撞到了一些鸟。A. impossibly不可能地;B. especially特别；C. fortunately幸运地是；D. probably可能。根据下文飞机掉头可知是可能撞到了鸟儿。故选D。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：飞行员已经把飞机调头，我们离曼哈顿机场不远。A. flight attendants乘务 人员；B. passenger 乘客；C. pilot 飞行员；D. birds 鸟。根据下文 turned the plane around 可知是 飞行员掉头。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：两分钟后，飞行员沿着哈德逊河飞行，通常不是这条航线。A. lined up对齐; 整顿；B. put up提供；C. looked up查出；D. took up拿起；吸纳。根据句意可知选A。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：两分钟后，飞行员沿着哈德逊河飞行，通常不是这条航线。A. route路线；航 线；B. place地方；C. road道路；D. time时间。根据上文可知这不是飞机平常的飞行航线。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他关掉了发动机。A. turned down关小；B.turned up开大；出现；C. turned off 关掉；D. turned on 打开。根据下文 Then, no sound could be heard in the plane.可知他把发动 机关掉了。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后飞行员说了四个字，这是我听过的最没有感情的四个字。A. unsatisfied 不满意的；B. unavoidable不可避免的;C. unprofessional不专业的;D. unemotional非感情的。根据 下文He said, “Hold on for crash.可知飞行员只是说了没有感情的四个字。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在他们眼中看到的是恐惧。A. satisfaction满意;B. excitement激动;C.terror恐惧；D. anger愤怒。飞机可能会坠机，因此人们眼中只有恐惧。故选C。26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我想和你们分享我那天对自己的了解。A. forgot忘记；B. learned学会;了解；C.worried担心；D. talked谈论。根据下文about myself可知是对自己的了解。故选B。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一切都在瞬间改变。A. in the distance在远处；B. in an instant马上；瞬 间；C. in no case决不；D. in no sense绝不。根据句意故选B。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那一刻，我想到了所有我想要联系的人，所有我没有联系到的人，所有我想 要修补的藩篱，所有我想要拥有却从未有过的经历。A. watch out for小心提防；B. jump out of跳出； C. reach out to联系；D. run out of用完。根据上文all the people I wanted to可知是想要联系的 人。故选Co【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我想到了所有我想要联系的人，所有我没有联系到的人，所有我想 要修补的藩篱，所有我想要拥有却从未有过的经历。A. experiments实验；B. experiences经历；C. expectations 期望；D. expressions 表情。根据下文 I wanted to have and I never did 可知是想要拥 有却从未有过的经历。故选B。L30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想再拖延生活中的任何事情。A. handle处理；B. change改变；C. achieve 实现；D. postpone推迟。根据句意故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我后悔把时间浪费在无关紧耍的事情上。A. regretted后悔；B. missed错过;C. remembered 记住；D. valued 重视。根据下文 I wasted on things that did not matter 可知是后悔。 故选Ao【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也想过我和妻子，朋友，和其他人的关系。A. relationship关系；B.membership 资格；C. scholarship 奖学金；D. friendship 友谊。根据下文 with my wife, with my friends, with people 可知是与其他人的关系。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那次紧急情况真的改变了我的生活。A. story故事；B. tendency趋势；C.victory 胜利；D. emergency紧急情况。这次飞机事故是紧急情况，改变了作者的生活。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天我被赐予了不死的奇迹。A. talent才能；B.wonder奇迹；C. challenge 挑战；D. opportunity机会。根据下文of not dying that day可知是不死的奇迹。故选B。L35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我得到了另一个机会，那就是能够展望未来，回来后以不同的方式生活。A. life 生活；B. chance机会；C. gift礼物；D. feeling感觉。作者在事故中没有死，是被给予了另一个生活 的机会。故选B。【36题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我得到了另一个机会，那就是能够展望未来，回来后以不同的方式生活。A. difficultly困难地；B. differently不同地;C. patiently耐心地;D. seriously严肃地。作者从中领 悟到要以不同的方式生活。故选B。第二节(共10小题；每小题L 5分，满分15分)Easy Ways to Build VocabularyIt，s not all that hard to build an advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's 37ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there，s enough room forimprovement, 38 means you，11 just keep getting better and better. Of course you have to work at it. You wouldn，t think that a few 39 (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough 40 the rest of your life, and that's also true for building your vocabulary-you have to keep at it daily, and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.One of the 41 (effect) ways to build vocabulary is to read good books. You need to42 (real) read at least one good book a week, preferably a classic. This isn，t as hard as it 43 (sound), and it is far better than any other method because you improve your vocabulary- while 44 (read) an interesting piece of literature. Another nice thing is that you learn both new words and 45 (they) use unconsciously, meaning that you will tend to use the words 46(1earn) this way in conversations almost automatically.【答案】37. an 38. which39. months40. for41. most effective42. really43. sounds44. reading45. their 46. learned【解析】本文讲述了轻松积累词汇的几种方法。L37题详解】考查冠词。句意：”和生活中许多事情一样,积累词汇也是一个不断发展的过程”，由语境可知填一个，“一 个"用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。【38题详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：通过分析句子结构可知，57 means you' 11 空白处所填的词指代逗号前 的there' s enough room for improvement, which在句中为关系代词，引导非限定性定语从句，并在句 中作主语。故填which。【39题详解】考查名词单复数。句意：你认为青少年时期几个月的记忆锻炼不够。month为可数名词，且由a few可知 month应用复数形式。故填months。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：几个月的记忆锻炼对于余生是不够的。be enough for sth对已足够。故 填介词for。【41题详解】 考查词性转换。句意：读好书是扩大词汇量有效的方法之一。此处要表达的是“有效的方法之一”，因此 填 effectiveo【42题详解】考查词性转换。句意：你需要一周读一本书。此处应用副词修饰动词read,因此填really。【43题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：“这件事并不像听起来那么难”，描述的是一般事实，而且主语为it,因此用sound 的一般现在时第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你在阅读一篇有趣的文学故事时增长词汇量。逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关 系，故用现在分词reading作状语；也可视为状语从句while you are reading的省略形式。故填readingo【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：另一个好处是你不知不觉习到了新词和它们的用法。use在此处是名词，故用形容词性 物主代词their作定语。故填their。【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:你自然会在对话中使用这些词汇。learned / learnt作后置定语修饰words,表 示“已学过的词”，words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。故填learned/learnt。【名师点睛】 语法填空分有提示词和无提示词两类。本篇语法填空题的设空有提示词的7个，无提示词的3个。因此，有 提示词类是高考语法填空测试的重点。1.有提示词的都是实词,要求用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。所给 词包括动词、形容词、名词和代词四类，2.无提示词。包括(冠词、介词、连词、从句关系词)。例如： 一.动词的形态变化，即时态(重点考察一般过去时，一般现在时)、被动语态、虚拟语气、祈使句和非谓 语动词(v-ing, v-ed, to do作主语、状语、定语(前置、后置定语)等This isn' t as hard as it 7 (sound),根据前面的谓语isn' t得知描述的是一般事实，主语为第三人称it,因此用sound的一般现在时也要用 第三人称单数形式。故填sounds.because you improve your vocabulary whi1e8 (read) an interesting piece of literature.前后主语一致，逻辑主语you与动词read为主动关系，故用现在分词reading作状语；也可视为状语从 句while you are reading的省略形式，省略主语和be动词。故填reading。you will tend to use the words 10 (learn)this way in conversations almost automatically. 前面有谓语动词，划线动词和前一句没有连词，可以判定出填非谓语形式。leaned / learnt作后置定语 修饰words,表示“已学过的词”，words与learn是被动的关系，因此用过去分词。第四部分写作(共三节，满分43分)第一节词汇考查(共8小题；每小题1分，满分8分)阅读下列句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。47. He experimented with different styles of painting, but was most famous for his work in Cubism, which often uses acute angles and the world is represented as being constructed of cubesand rectangles.48. By popular consensus, this is the most valuable painting in the world一it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever (e) on the market.49. Unfortunately, although van Gogh mitted his whole being to painting, he received little reward his effort.50. As a teenager, he began painting scenes of local fishermen and sailors along the canals in Suzhou, sold these paintings to tourists and passers-by as souvenirs.51. We can use old pieces of cloth as brushes, or wrinkle the cloth together to (form) an interesting pattern.52. That is, the main criterion for (include) is that the film must not be financed by Hollywood studios.53. It was then that Robert Redford became its sponsor and changed the focus