2023全国高考英语甲卷阅读C篇+讲义 高考英语复习.docx

2023全国高考英语甲卷阅读C篇一苏格拉底快车：语篇分析+答案解读+背景知识+词汇积累I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder,s Sophie's World. It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy （哲学）.我大约13岁的时候，一个叔叔送给我一本约斯坦高德尔的苏菲 的世界。它充满了我之前从未接触过的思想，所以我整个夏天都在读 这本书。它与我产生了共鸣，把我带进了哲学的世界。That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college. Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than people who think they understand Foucault, Baudrillard, or Confucius better than you - and then try to explain them.然而，我上大学后对哲学的热爱渐渐消失了。没有什么比那些认为 他们比你更理解福柯、鲍德里亚或孔子的人更快熄灭对哲学的热情。Eric Weiner's The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my love for philosophy. It is not an explanation, but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.埃里克韦纳的苏格拉底特快车：寻找死亡哲学家的人生课程重 新点燃了我对哲学的热爱。它不是一本解释性的书，而是一本邀请我们 思考和体验哲学的书。Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosopher's work in the context （背景）of one thing they can help us do better. The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche. This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.韦纳在每章开头讲述了一次城市之间的火车旅行的场景，并将每位 哲学家的作品放在一个可以帮助我们做得更好的背景下。最终的结果 是，在这本读物里我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看待世 界，像叔本华一样倾听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。这本书不仅是一本了解 哲学的书，更是一本学习如何使用哲学来改善生活的书。He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences, and he does so with plenty of humor. Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers in history, and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding （解读）their messages and adding his own interpretation.他让哲学思考成为一种吸引人的锻炼，提高我们经历的质量，并以 大量的幽默感做到了这一点。韦纳与历史上一些最重要的哲学家进行对 话，并通过解读他们的信息并添加自己的解释，成为了这个群体的一部 分。The Socrates Express is a fun, sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts on desire, loneliness, and aging. The invitation is clear: Weiner wants you to pick up a coffee or tea and sit down with this book. I encourage you to take his offer. It's worth your time, even if time is something we don't have a lot of.苏格拉底特快车是一本有趣、尖锐的书，以其表面的简单性吸 引读者，并逐渐引导他们深入思考欲望、孤独和衰老等问题。邀请是明 确的：韦纳希望你拿起一杯咖啡或茶，坐下来看这本书。我鼓励你接受 他的邀请。即使我们没有太多时间，但这本书还是值得你花时间去读的。语篇分析1 .主旨大意：这是一篇书评。这篇文章主要介绍了作者对哲学的热爱和对埃里克韦 纳的苏格拉底特快车：寻找死亡哲学家的人生课程的推崇。作者认 为这本书不仅是一本了解哲学的书，更是一本学习如何使用哲学来改善 生活的书。韦纳用幽默的方式让哲学思考成为一种吸引人的锻炼，引导 读者深入思考生命中的重要问题。作者鼓励读者花时间阅读这本书。2 .行文思路本文主要介绍了作者对哲学的热爱以及在大学后逐渐消失的原因，然后介绍了 埃里克韦纳的苏格拉底特快车：寻找死亡哲学家的人生课程对作者的影响, 强调了它不仅是一本了解哲学的书，更是一本学习如何使用哲学来改善生活的 书。文章以作者的个人经历入手，先介绍了自己对哲学的初步接触和后来的疏离, 然后介绍了韦纳的书对自己的影响，最后再次鼓励读者去读这本书。3 .答案解析：48. Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?A. Foucault.B. Eric Weiner.C. Jostein Gaarder.D. A college teacher.本题选C。细节理解题。根据第一段"I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarder's Sophie's World. It spoke to me and brought me into a world of philosophy .（我13岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本 Jostein Gaarder的Sophie的世界。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学 的世界。）“可知，Jostein Gaarder为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选C。 49. Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?A. To compare Weiner with them.B. To give examples of great works.C. To praise their writing skills.D. To help readers understand Weiner's book.本题选D。推理判断题。在第四段开头描写了 Weiner书的内容，即把 每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。 由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解 Weiners的书。故选D。50. What does the author like about The Socrates Express?A. Its views on history are well-presented.B. Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C. It includes comments from readers.D. It leaves an open ending.本题选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中“This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.（这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是 一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。）”可知，作者喜欢The Socrates Express这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选B。51. What does the author think of Weiner's book?A. Objective and plain.B . Daring and ambitious.C. Serious and hard to follow.D. Humorous and straightforward.本题选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中appealing, with plenty of humor , fun, sharp with its apparent simplicity 这些形容词 和名词 可知， Weiners的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选D。4 .词汇积累：philosophy fs' lassfi n.哲学，哲理；哲学思想philosophical , fl Is' safl ksl adj.哲学的，哲学上的；冷静的，理性 的reawaken , ri： s' wei kan vt.使复苏；使再生；使再次觉醒 explanation . £ kspls' nei f an n.解释，说明；辩解 invitation , I nvl ' tel J sn n. 邀请，招待； 请柬 chapter ' tj aeptar n.章， 回； 篇scene sin n.场景；现场；风景；景色frame frel m n.框架，结构；边框；骨架contextkant£ kst n.上下文，背景； 环境appealing s' pi： li g adj.吸引人的，有感染力的；诉诸情感的process ' prase s n.过程，进程；处理，加工 decode di' kou d vt.解码；译解；破译 interpretation i nt3 ： rpri ' tel f （Q）n n.解释，说明；诠释；口译 sharp f arp adj.锐利的，尖锐的；敏锐的 simplicity si m' pli ssti n.简单，简易；朴素，纯真5 .背景常识1）文中提到的哲学家苏格拉底（Socrates）：Socrates was an ancient Greek philosopher and is considered one of the founders of Western philosophy. His philosophical method emphasized dialogue and questioning, emphasizing self-knowledge and recognizing one's own ignorance, and seeking truth through constant exploration and reflection.苏格拉底（Socrates）是古希腊哲学家，被认为是西方哲学的奠基者之 -0他的哲学方法以对话和提问为主，强调人的自我认识，认为真正的 智慧在于承认自己的无知，并通过不断探索和思考来寻求真理。梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）Henry David Thoreau was a 19th-century American writer, philosopher, and poet. He advocated for harmony with nature and opposed materialism and consumerism. His famous work, Walden, is a literary classic that reflects on life, self-exploration, and social criticism.梭罗（Henry David Thoreau）是19世纪美国的作家、哲学家和诗人。 他主张与自然和谐相处，反对社会的物质主义和消费主义。他的著名著 作瓦尔登湖（Walden）是一部反思生活、自我探索和社会批判的文 学经典。叔本华(Arthur Schopenhauer)Arthur Schopenhauer was a German philosopher and is hailed as the “first philosopher of the post-Kantian era." His philosophy posits that the world consists of two levels: will and knowledge. He believes that human desires and suffering are inevitable, and the only way to be released from them is through self-transcendence and inner peace.叔本华(Arthur Schopenhauer)是德国哲学家，被誉为“后康德时代的第 一哲学家“。他的哲学思想主张世界是由意志和知识两个层面构成的， 认为人的欲望和痛苦是不可避免的，而唯一的解脱方式是通过自我超越 和内心的安宁。尼采(Friedrich Nietzsche)Friedrich Nietzsche was a 19th-century German philosopher, writer, and poet, and is considered one of the founders of modern thought. His philosophy advocates for transcending the traditional constraints of morality and religion, emphasizing individual freedom and creativity, and recognizing human value through affirmation and pursuit of life. His famous works include Thus Spoke Zarathustra and The Will to Power.尼采(Friedrich Nietzsche)是19世纪德国哲学家、文学家和诗人，被 认为是现代思想的奠基人之一。他的哲学思想主张超越传统道德和宗教 的束缚，强调个体的自由和创造力，认为人的价值在于对生命的肯定和 追求。他的著名著作包括查拉图斯特拉如是说(Thus Spoke Zarathustra)和权力 意志(The Will to Power)等。2)文中提到的著作Sophie's World and The Socrates Express are both works by Norwegian author Jostein Gaarder and are two very famous philosophical novels that are loved by readers all over the world. Both books use the form of a novel, introducing philosophical ideas and ways of thinking to readers through vivid story plots and specific character images, making philosophical ideas more understandable and vivid. At the same time, these two books also provide some thinking and inspiration, allowing readers to think about the meaning of their own lives and existence, thereby enhancing their thinking depth and quality of life.苏菲的世界Sophie's World is a novel by Norwegian author Jostein Gaarder, first published in 1991、The novel is a philosophical novel and follows the story of a 14-year-old girl named Sophie Amundsen, who lives in Norway.Sophie receives a mysterious letter asking her the question “Who are you?” and soon after begins receiving letters from a philosopher named Alberto Knox. Through her correspondence with Alberto, Sophie begins to learn about the history of philosophy, from ancient Greek philosophers to modern thinkers.As Sophie learns about philosophy, she also begins to question the nature of reality and the meaning of life. She discovers that her own existence may not be as straightforward as she once thought, and she is forced to confront some difficult and complex philosophical questions.The novel is a blend of philosophy and fiction, and it has been praised for making complex philosophical concepts accessible to a wider audience. It has been translated into over 50 languages and has sold over 40 million copies worldwide.苏菲的世界是挪威作家约斯坦高德尔于1991年出版的一部哲学小 说。小说讲述了一个14岁女孩苏菲阿蒙森的故事，她生活在挪威。苏菲收到了一封神秘的信件，询问她“你是谁？ ”，随后她开始收到来自 哲学家阿尔伯托诺克斯的信件。通过与阿尔伯托的通信，苏菲开始了 解哲学的历史，从古希腊哲学家到现代思想家。随着苏菲学习哲学，她也开始质疑现实的本质和生命的意义。她发现自 己的存在可能并不像她曾经想象的那样简单，她被迫面对一些困难和复 杂的哲学问题。这部小说是哲学和小说的融合，因使复杂的哲学概念更易于普通读者理 解而受到好评。它已被翻译成50多种语言，全球销量超过4000万册。苏格拉底快车“The Socrates Express: In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers is a philosophical book written by author Eric Weiner. The book was published in 2020 and aims to explore important life lessons through in-depth examination of the thoughts of deceased philosophers.In this book, Weiner travels through Europe and Asia by train to explore the thoughts of numerous philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Nietzsche, and others. He uses vivid stories, personal experiences, and analysis of philosopher's thoughts to help readers gain a deeper understanding of these great thinkers.The book aims to help readers gain deeper insights and understanding of life through philosophical thinking. It has been praised as an insightful and inspiring philosophical book and has received widespread acclaim.苏格拉底快车是一本由作家埃里克韦斯特曼编写的哲学读物。该 书于2020年出版，旨在通过对已故哲学家的思想进行深入研究，探索 人生中的重要教训。在这本书中，韦斯特曼通过列车旅行的方式，游历欧洲和亚洲，探索了 众多哲学家的思想，例如苏格拉底、柏拉图、亚里士多德、康德、尼采 等。他以生动的故事、个人经历和对哲学家的思想分析，让读者更加深 入地了解这些思想家的思想。这本书旨在帮助读者通过哲学思考，获得对生命的更深刻的理解和启 示。它被誉为一本富有启示性和洞察力的哲学读物，受到了广泛的好评。