英语自然拼读法音图表学习资料.docx
英语自然拼读法及自然拼读练习表Phonics,即字母拼读法(又译自然拼音)是自然形成的一种发音规则,它主要教授英文字母(letter)与语音(sound)间的对应关系,是美国、加拿大本土孩子的必修课程。在初级英语中70%的单词在拼读时都是有规律可循的。一旦掌握了这种发音规则就不必去翻查字典而能够顺利地将单词读出。一旦孩子们学习了这种不用音标的发音规律可以很快学会拼读不认识的单词,提前进入阅读领域,使英语学习变得简单、快乐、有趣。为什么要学 Phonics?Phonics教学在美国至少已经有百年以上的历史了。适当的Phonics教学,一直被认为是最有效、最直接教授母语阅读的方法。美国学者Adams(1990)在PhonicsInstruction for the Nineties 里指出,出现在初级阅读材料中的词汇,其语音和字母间的对应关系相当稳定。孩子通常能从出现频率最高的37个音组中,拼出大约500个最常使用的词汇。国际音标 和Phonics的区别?国际音标如同中文的拼音系统,是另外形成的辅助系统,是为母语不是英语的学习者所服务的。整个系统完整但规则相对抽象,对非母语系学习者确实相当有帮助。但学习一套全新的符号及其发音规则,对小学高年级或初中生都不是很容易。Phonics 属于英语拼字系统的内在机制,经过百多年来的发展和完善,已是美国孩子的必学课程。Phonics 更注重英文字母和其发音的对应关系,可以迅速提升英语阅读能力。对于英语为母语的学习者,因为有口语优势,在发现字母和发音的对应关系后,只要能把字的音念出来,就很容易联想到该字的意思,能直接认字或拼字。而中国孩子虽然没有母语背景、但Phonics 对于帮助认字、拼字、提高阅读能力,及从小教授正确英语发音方面仍然具有巨大的积极意义。总的来说,这两者对中国学习者都是不可或缺的,只是适合学习的年龄段有所不同而已。只掌握音标,会造成现在很多中国孩子都有的碰到生词就无法开口的现象。要知道除了字典,很少有国外书籍或绘本、读本会标注音标哦,无法发音就会严重破坏阅读的流畅性,进而影响到孩子的学习兴趣。而只掌握Phonics,会让孩子发现随着学习深入到脱离初级英语范围后,越来越多的单词无法直接用Phonics拼出,发生和不少欧美人士一样的阅读困难现象。英语发展千百年来,不断吸收各语种词汇,而中国孩子缺乏口语环境,发生读音差错不足为奇。若能引入易学实用的Phonics,然后再系统学习国际音标,将使孩子受用终身!英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法第一阶:建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。第二阶:能够成功拼读元音+辅音(辅音+元音)。如:c-a caa-t at第三阶:能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog第四阶:能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-er sweater第五阶:能够听音辨字,即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。第六阶:单词量大量扩充,能够阅读英语文章。1. 自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。2. 第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如: Sam, cat, mat, 等等3. 第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.4. 第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音,后边一个元音不发音,如: make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等5. 第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如:bl(ack), str(eet)等;有一些辅音不发音,如: ghost,comb, lamb等;要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音: ch, sh, th, wh。6. 第六步,是特殊读法:单音节词,以元音结尾, 这个元音发字母音如: me, hi, go 等等Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high,night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir,firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特别的发音"c" 和"k" 在一起时, 发一个音: quick, black等.自然拼音拼读练习表第一天:a e i o u a_e e_e i_e o_e u_eAa : mat map bag cat hatfan bat appleEe:egg well red pen nethen bed bellIi: lick six bib pig pinkiss ink hillOo:ox on octopus boxsock operate ostrichUu:sun umbrella cup busnut gun uncle undercape name tape lake gamemake take hatethese Japanese Chinesebite five nine kite minenice ride siderose nose rope note posehome rode thosetube cube June cute huge第二天:ai ay ee ea ey ie ighoa ow ui ueai: tail rain paint painjail rail nailmaiday:bay ray way say haypay May layee:reeds eel bee peeljeep feet see teethea:sea meat peanut eaglepeach tea leaf peaey:donkey monkey jockeyturkey monkeyhockey key trolleyie:tie pie lie dieigh:right sight nighttight hight fighthigh sighoa:road toast toad coalgoat boat coat soapow:rainbow pillow yellowwindow bowl rowhollow lowui:suit juice fruitue:Sue blue glue true第三天:ar er ir ur orar: arm car armchaircard cart farm parkgardener:sister brother underrooster wintermermaid marker motherir:birthday circus dirtybird circle dirtgirlur:turtle surfing turkeyfur hurt pursenurseor:porch pork horse hornfort morning cornfork第四天:ou ow oi oy au aw oo ooeaou:house out mouth countfountain mountainshout mouseow:cow towel clown owlcrown brown flowertoweroi:coin oil point noiseboil soil poisoncoiloy:oyster boy cowboy soytoyau:august sause sausagenaughty autumnapplauseaw:paw draw saw strawstrawberry lawnoo:moon zoo roof roosterboots food spoonroom cool fool boom foolishoo:book cook good footlook hookea:head sweater sweatpear lead bearleather feather第五天:ch sh wh ph th th kn wrmbch:beach lunch cheesebench church chickenchair cherrysh:sheep shirt ship fishdish push shoesshovelwh:whale white wheelwheat whip whistlewheelchair whisperph:photo elephanttelephone trophy pharmacyalphabetth:brother featherleather father motherth:thumb three bathmatthirsty thief bathmouth teethkn:knob knee knife knockknitwr:wrist wrinkle wrap wreathwritemb:thumb lamb bomb combcrumb numb第六天:bl fl pl cl gl br cr gr pr fr tr drbl:blue black blousebloom bleach blanket blondehairfl: flat flu fly flameflute floor flagflowerpl:plane play plusplanet platform plumplate plantcl:clock cloud cleanclay climb close clapclowngl:glove globe glassglue glasses gliderbr:bright brook brimbride brown breadbrick brothercr:crown crab cream crowcrayon crocodilecry croissantgr:gray green grassgrapes ground growgrandmapr:prixe price prawn pressprince princessprayfr:frog frost FridayFrench fries fruitfront friend frametr:tractor truck traintray tree triangletrunk trolleydr:dream drum dry dropdraw drive dressdrink第七天:sm sn sl sw sp st sc sk all ew ysm:smile small smellsmoke smoothsn:snowman snow snoresnake snail sneakerssneakers snacksl:slow slap sleep slideslope sledsw:switch swallow swanswim sweet swingsweater sweatsp:spider spaceshipspinach spoon spellst:stockings store starstamp storm stickstudent standsc:scarf scooter scannerscarecrow scalescorpion scoopsk:skunk skis skirtskatesall:call tall fall ballwallew:dew few view hew newnephew newspaperYy: sky fly dry spy typeshy cry my Yy :Miny sunny puppy dizzy dirty pony happybaby自然拼音强化练习:Tongue twister1.A big black bear saton a big black bug.2.A big black bug bit abig black dog onhis big black nose!3.Cat, Cat, catch thatfat rat.4.A fat cat catches amad rat.5.Blue glue gun, greenglue gun.6.Black background,brown background.7.A noisy noise annoysan oyster.8.A good cook can cookgood cookies.9.At noon I took a goodbook,andsat by the pool in the wood.I soon took off my boot.And put myfoot in thepool.Oh! How cool, how cool.10.The hunter and hishuge horse hidebehind in house.11. Betty better butterBrad's bread.12.Two tiny tigers taketwo taxis to town.13.The first is thefirst.The third is thethird.The third can be the first, The first can be thethird.14.Sir, this girlwearing a dirty skirt isnot the first, but the third.15.A flea and a fly flewup in a flue. Saidthe flea, "Let us fly!" Said the fly, "Let usflee!" Sothey flew through a flaw in the flue.16. I wish you were afish in my dish.17.Jean's three sheepare near the greenjeep.18.There are thirty-three thousand threehundred and thirty-three feathers on that bird's throat.19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.20.Its agoat,sitting in a boat,wearing acoat and writing a note.Its a bear,sitting on a chair,holding a pear andcombing its hair.Its a cock,sitting on a rock,wearing a sock and looking at aclock.Its a fly,wearing a tie,holding a pie and waving good bye.自然拼读法基本规则1. 二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds).l 五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u), 每个发两种音:长音(其字母音)和短音l y不在单词开头时,一般被看做元音 2. 单元音单词拼读 (Consonant-Vowel-Consonant Combinations) 如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音, 且元音不在末尾,这个元音一般发短音. 如:Sam, cat, mat, 等等 l Beginning Consonantsl Ending Consonants l One Vowel Word, Short Vowel Sounds3. 双元音单词拼读(Two Vowel Words):一个单词或音节里有两个元音时,一般来说,前边一个元音发长音(其字母音),后边一个元音不发音如:make, mail, may, hay, say, see, sea, meet, meat, key, five, nine, tie, road, coat, toe, cute等等4. 双/三辅音在一起时的联读 (Consonant Blends)l Beginning consonant blends (bl, br, cl, cr, dr, fl, fr, gl, fr, pl, pr, sc, sk, sl, sm, sn, sp, st, sw, tr, tw, scr, spl, str)l Ending consonant blends (ft, lf, lm, lp, lt, mp, nd, nk, nt, pt, sk, st)l Words ending in ll, ss, ff l Consonant digraphs (ch, th, sh, wh) 5. 特殊读法(1) 带元音的特殊读法(Irregular Vowels) igh, ing, ind, ild, ar, or, oi, oy, alt, alk, ost, old, er, ir, ur, ew, sion, tion, eigh, all, ow, ow, ou, ay, ous, ed, ed (t), ed (d), aw, au, oo, oo以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。Examples:l ar (car, far), air (hair), are (hare), au, augh (caught), aw (hawk) al, all (all, tall, mall, hall), alk (talk, walk), alt (halt, salt), ay (may, play)l ew (new, few), eigh (eight, weight), ed: usays /ed/: patted, landed, lifted usays /t/: walked, hopped, stopped usays /d/: cried, played, chewed l er (sister, brother), ir (girl, fir, firm), ur (burn, hurt)l ie (field), ing(king, sing, dancing), ind (find, kind, behind), ild (mild, wild, child), igh (high, night, light), irel oi (oil, boil), oy (boy, toy), old (old, cold), ost (most, host), olt, oo (book), oo (tool, school), or (or, for, horn), ow (读音一:cow, now, how, bow;读音二:bow, low, blow, snow), ou (shout, out, loud) ould (could, would), ough (五种不同的读音:cough, through, ought, slough, plough), ought, , ous (famous, nervous), l ue (cruel), ui (fluid)l tion (attention, fiction), sion (passion, expression), l ending sounds : ang, ong, ung, edge, le6. 特殊读法(2)l 如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾,这个元音一般发长音(其字母音) (Vowel at the end)如:me, hi, go, baby, table, humor,hibernate 等等。l Y在末尾 (作为元音处理)(y at the end): u 单音节词, 没有其他元音,y发”I”(one syllable word, y at the end (pronounced as “I”): my, why, fly, sky u 多音节词, y发”E” 的音(two or more syllables, y at the end (pronounced as “E”): daddy, mommy, baby,honey, crazy7. 特殊读法(3) - 固定读音的单词 (Sight Word): is, are, the, a, to, here, hey, have, son, love, come, give, field 等.它们不遵守前边的发音规则,需要死记硬背。8. 特殊读法(4) 辅音的特殊读法l 有一些辅音不发音 (silent consonants) u Silent b: comb, lamb u Silent h: ghost u Silent k: knife, knock, knob, know u Silent w: write, wrist, wreck l "c" 和 "k" 在一起时,发一个音: quick, black等.l "q" 总是和"u"在一起:quite, quick, quit, quilt等. 之所以指出这一点, 是在这里u不能再被认为是元音, 而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合. 于是, 在quite这个单词里只有两个元音, 是双元音单词, 第一个元音i发字母音, 第二个元音e不发音.l "p"和 "h"在一起, 发/f/的音: phone, photo.l 复数s及末尾s的读音(Plural s and the sounds of ending s)l c和g 的两种读音: u 如果i(或y)或者 e 跟在c或者g的后边, c发/s/, g发/j/的音: center, cigar, nice, mice, gem, giant, gym, page. u 其他情况下, c发/k/, g发/g/: can, clap, cup, great, glad, got, goat, log. u 特殊情况: get, give9. 多音节单词和复合词 (Words with multiple syllables and compound words)l 多音节单词: believe, multiple, syllable, compound l 复合词: homework, highway, sidewalk, inside, outside英语自然拼读法-语音应该这样学【按】英语学习三元素:语音、语法和词汇。语音的标准与否,决定了英语的语貌,也决定了是否可以精准的表达语言,因为发音不准或错误,都会让人误会和听不懂。语音的学习和练习,主要有透过两个途径,一个是音标,另一个是自然拼读。下面这篇文章很好的总结和介绍了自然拼读,对应于学习和教学很有帮助,分享给大家。 Phonics是什么?Phonics,即字母拼读法(又译自然拼音)是自然形成的一种发音规则,它主要教授英文字母(letter)与语音(sound)间的对应关系,是美国、加拿大本土孩子的必修课程。在初级英语中70%的单词在拼读时都是有规律可循的。一旦掌握了这种发音规则就不必去翻查字典而能够顺利地将单词读出。一旦孩子们学习了这种不用音标的发音规律可以很快学会拼读不认识的单词,提前进入阅读领域,使英语学习变得简单、快乐、有趣。 为什么要学 Phonics?Phonics教学在美国至少已经有百年以上的历史了。适当的Phonics教学,一直被认为是最有效、最直接教授母语阅读的方法。美国学者Adams(1990)在PhonicsInstruction for the Nineties 里指出,出现在初级阅读材料中的词汇,其语音和字母间的对应关系相当稳定。孩子通常能从出现频率最高的37个音组中,拼出大约500个最常使用的词汇。 国际音标和Phonics的区别?国际音标如同中文的拼音系统,是另外形成的辅助系统,是为母语不是英语的学习者所服务的。整个系统完整但规则相对抽象,对非母语系学习者确实相当有帮助。但学习一套全新的符号及其发音规则,对小学高年级或初中生都不是很容易。Phonics 属于英语拼字系统的内在机制,经过百多年来的发展和完善,已是美国孩子的必学课程。Phonics 更注重英文字母和其发音的对应关系,可以迅速提升英语阅读能力。对于英语为母语的学习者,因为有口语优势,在发现字母和发音的对应关系后,只要能把字的音念出来,就很容易联想到该字的意思,能直接认字或拼字。而中国孩子虽然没有母语背景、但Phonics 对于帮助认字、拼字、提高阅读能力,及从小教授正确英语发音方面仍然具有巨大的积极意义。总的来说,这两者对中国学习者都是不可或缺的,只是适合学习的年龄段有所不同而已。只掌握音标,会造成现在很多中国孩子都有的碰到生词就无法开口的现象。要知道除了字典,很少有国外书籍或绘本、读本会标注音标哦,无法发音就会严重破坏阅读的流畅性,进而影响到孩子的学习兴趣。而只掌握Phonics,会让孩子发现随着学习深入到脱离初级英语范围后,越来越多的单词无法直接用Phonics拼出,发生和不少欧美人士一样的阅读困难现象。英语发展千百年来,不断吸收各语种词汇,而中国孩子缺乏口语环境,发生读音差错不足为奇。若能引入易学实用的Phonics,然后再系统学习国际音标,将使孩子受用终身! 英语自然拼读学习的六阶成功法第一阶:建立字母与字母自然发音之间的直接联系。第二阶:能够成功拼读元音+辅音(辅音+元音)。如:c-a ca a-t at第三阶:能够成功拼读辅音+元音+辅音。如d-o-g dog第四阶:能够成功拼读双音节或多音节单词。如sw-ea-t-er sweater第五阶:能够听音辨字,即听到单词读音就能拼出该单词。第六阶:单词量大量扩充,能够阅读英语文章。1. 自然拼读法的第一步是掌握二十六个字母的读音 (Letter Sounds). 其中五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)发两种音。2. 第二步是进行单元音字母的拼读练习,如: Sam, cat, mat, 等等3. 第三步, 是固定读音的单词 : the, a, is, to, have 等.4. 第四步,是一个单词里有两个元音时,前边一个元音发字母音, 后边一个元音不发音,如: make, made, sea, five, nine, road等等5. 第五步, 是双/三辅音在一起时怎么联读, 如: bl(ack), str(eet)等;有一些辅音不发音,如: ghost,comb, lamb等;要掌握一下和"h"联在一起的发音: ch, sh, th, wh。6. 第六步,是特殊读法:单音节词,以元音结尾, 这个元音发字母音 如: me, hi, go 等等Irregular: ar (car), ay(hay, may, say), igh (high, night, might), ew (new), er (sister, brother), ur(burn, hurt), ir (girl, fir, firm), or (horn), eigh (eight), oi (oil, boil), oy(boy), ow等有其特别的发音"c" 和 "k" 在一起时, 发一个音: quick, black等自然拼音强化练习:Tongue twister1.A big black bear sat on a big black bug.2.A big black bug bit a big black dog on his big black nose!3.Cat, Cat, catch that fat rat.4.A fat cat catches a mad rat.5.Blue glue gun, green glue gun.6.Black background, brown background.7.A noisy noise annoys an oyster. 8.A good cook can cook good cookies.9.At noon I took a good book,and sat by the pool in the wood.I soon took off my boot.And put my foot in the pool.Oh! How cool, how cool.10.The hunter and his huge horse hide behind in house.11. Betty better butter Brad's bread. 12.Two tiny tigers take two taxis to town.13.The first is the first.The third is the third.The third can be the first, The first can be the third.14.Sir, this girl wearing a dirty skirt is not the first, but the third.15.A flea and a fly flew up in a flue. Said the flea, "Let us fly!" Said the fly, "Let us flee!" So they flew through a flaw in the flue. 16. I wish you were a fish in my dish.17.Jean's three sheep are near the green jeep.18.There are thirty -three thousand three hundred and thirty-three feathers on that bird's throat.19.Neither father nor mother likes this weather.20.Its a goat,sitting in a boat,wearing a coat and writing a note.Its a bear,sitting on a chair,holding a pear and combing its hair.Its a cock,sitting on a rock,wearing a sock and looking at a clock.Its a fly,wearing a tie,holding a pie and waving good bye.