新概念英语第二册Lesson+45+A+clear+conscience（课文、详解、练习）讲义.docx

新概念英语第二册 Lesson 45A clear conscience 问心无愧The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief! Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: Only 25 per cent a thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The last note said: I am 100 per cent honest now!【课文翻译】The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. 整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. 当地的屠户萨姆.本顿在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢了。Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.萨姆确信那钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了，可是却不见有人来送还给他。Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. 3个月过去了，后来在一天早晨，萨姆在自己的大门外发现了他的钱包。It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, 钱包是用报纸包着的，里面有他丢失的钱的一半，together with a note which said:'A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief!而且还附着一张纸条，上面写着：“一个小偷，是的，但只是一个50%的小偷！” Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note/Only 25 per cent a thief now!1又过了两个月，又有一些钱送还给了萨姆，又附了一张字条：“这回只是25%的小偷了！” In time, all Sam's money was paid back in this way.很快，萨姆全部的钱都用同样的方式还了回来。The last note said:*I am 100 per cent honest now!*最后的那张字条上写道：“我现在是一个100%的诚实人了！ ”New Word and expressions 生词和短语clear aW无罪的，不亏心的 conscience。.良心，道德心 wallet ".皮夹，钱夹 savings。存款 villager c.村民 per cent百分之详解语法 Grammar in use1 . A clear conscience,（标题）问心无愧。clear在这里的含义为“清白的”、“无罪的，因此这个短语又可译为“清白的良心:相 当于 a good conscience,反义词为 a bad conscience （感到内疚）。2 .The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.整个村子很快 知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。（1） village在这里为总称，指“村民”，the whole village指“全村的人。后面通常跟单 数动词（有时也可视为复数）：The whole village was excited by the news.这消息使全村的人兴奋。（2）加arn在句中的含义为“获悉”、“得知”：Eve just learnt that she was ill.我刚刚得知她病了。3 . Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.当地的屠户萨姆本顿在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢了。taking为现在分词。与动名词相似，它也可以有自己的宾语、状语等。在连词whi加之 后，现在分词短语的作用相当于一个时间状语从句：while he was taking his savings to the postoffice0现在分词这样用的前提是两个动词的主语是同一个，并且这两个动作通常是同 时发生的：He listened to music while cleaning the room.他一边打扫房间一边听音乐。如果是主语不一致则必须用从句：He listened to music while I was cleaning the room.我打扫房间时，他在听音乐。4 .Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers。萨姆确信 那钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了must用于对过去已发生的事进行推测时，后面的动词要用完成式:When I arrived, he wasn't here. He must have left early.我到这儿的时候他已不在了。他一定早走了。5 . it contained half the money he had lost,里面有他丢失的钱的一半。我们既可以说half the money,也可以说half of the money,它们可以互相替代，但是 money前都必须有the,因为是指特定的钱。再如：Half the bread/ half of the bread was bad.这面包有一半已变质了。6 . In time, all SanVs money was paid back in this way.很快,萨姆全部的钱都用同样的 方式还了回来。（1） in time可以表示“经过一段时间”或“最终”、“迟早”：In time, he found all the books he needed.一段时间以后，他找到了他需要的所有书。I'll tell you everything in time.我最终/总有一天会把一切都告诉你的。（2）in this way表示“用这样的方式”：You must pay attention to your spelling. In this way, you can become a good secretary in time.你必须注意你的拼写。这样你才能最终成为一个好秘书。被动语态（4 ）一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时中的被动语态、情态助动词与被动语态的连用以 及动词+宾语+不定式结构中被动语态的使用等：That table was made in 1970（by my grandfather）.那张桌子是1970年（由我的祖父）做的。The rooms must be cleaned today.这些房间今天必须要打扫干净。John has been told not to go for a walk when the weathefs like this.约翰已被告知不要在这种天气出去散步。I never expected the thief to be arrested.我从没有指望小偷会被逮着。表示过去发生的动作时，被动语态还可以用于过去完成时；用于完成时的被动语态也可 以与情态助动词连用：词汇学习Word study1 . steal 与 robsteal指“偷盗”、“窃取”，其行为通常是偷偷地、悄悄地、不为别人所发觉；rob则指“抢 夺”、“抢劫。其行为通常是明目张胆的：The man who stole my wallet took my address book as well.偷走我钱包的那个人把我的通讯录也拿走了。I lost my address book when that man robbed me of my bag.当那人抢走我的包时，我的通讯录也没了。Someone has stolen my bag from me.有人把我的包偷走了。They took the risk of being arrested and robbed the bank.他们冒着被逮捕的危险抢劫了那家银行。注意 steal 和 rob 与介词的不同搭配：steal(sth.) from(sb./ some place), rob(sb.) of(sth.)02 . pay back(1)偿还：All Sam's money was paid back in this way.萨姆全部的钱都用这样的方式还了回来。Yesterday Sam bon*owed some money from me and said that he would pay me back in a week.昨天萨姆从我这里借了些钱，并说一周后还我。(2)报答；向报复：You've been very kind to me. How can I pay you back?你对我太好了。我如何报答你呢？He embarrassed me at the party. Fil pay him back someday.在晚会上他让我难堪了。总有一天我会报复他的。习题1. Someonea. had stolen Sam's walletb. had found Sam's wallet and kept itc. had lost Sam's walletd. had taken the wallet from Sam's pocket.2. The thief in the end.a. kept Sam's moneyb. returned 50 percent of the moneyC. returned 75 percent of the moneyd. returned all the moneyStructure 句型3. Sam was taking his savings to the post office he lost his wallet.a. whenb. whileC. asd. just as4. He was taking his savings to the post office. He keeps his savings the post office,a.tob.in.C.ond.into5. The wallet was found one of the villagers.a. fromb. byC. out ofd.of6.had it been wrapped up in? A newspaper.a. Whereb. WhoC.Howd. What7.Some more money was sent to Sam. Sam some more money,a.sentb. has sentC.was sentd. had sentVocabulary 词汇8. We usually keepin a wallet.a. coinsb. notesC.chequesd. photographs9. The thief had the wallet in newspaper.a. woundb. rolledC. wrappedd. bound10. How much did it contain? How much?a.did it consistb. was there in itC.did it included.had it11. Sam read the thiefs note. In this sentence, 'note' meansa.moneyb.a coinC.a chequed.a message12. all Sam's money was returned.a.At timesb. After a timeC.With the timesd. A long time习题答案1 .b根据课文的实际内容，可以推断只有b. had found Samfs wallet and kept it是课文暗示的 真实情况。a. had stolen Sam*s wallet不够确切，因为课文中的意思是Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers（山姆确信那钱包是被某个村民捡到了，而不 是偷走了）； c. had lost Sam's wallet 与课文的意思相反；d.had taken the wallet from Sam's pocket 不是课文提及的内容。2 . d根据课文所描述的情况，只有d. returned all the money与课文事实相符，其他3个选择 都与事实不符。3 .aa. when, b. while,c. as和d. just as都可以做连词，引导时间从句,表示.当.时”,本句只 能选a.在前半句是过去进行时，后半句是一般过去时的情况下，中间多用when,表示两个动 作同时发生，“正.而后3个选择引导的时间从句大都是进行时态。4 . b本句只有选b. in意思才讲得通。He keeps his savings in the post office.（他把存款放在邮 局保管）。本句中的动词.keep（存放，保管）不是表示“去向”的，所以不能选a.to （到）和d. into（进 入），c. on（在.上面）也不合乎题目意思，不能用onthepostoffice.而应该是inthepost office.（在 邮局里），所以选b.5,b本句是一个被动语态句。只有b. by表示“被”的意思，最符合语法和题目意思。a. from, c. out of, d. Of都没有“被”的意思，所以都不对。6 . d本句是一个特殊疑问句，针对介词in的宾语提问的，回答是A newspaper, a. where是询 问地点的;b. who是针对主语（人）提问的;c. how是询问状态的。这3个选择都不对。只有 & What是对物提问的，所以选&7 .c前一句是被动语态Some more money was sent to Sam,后一句又换了一种说法，将原句 中的间接宾语Sam变成主语，原句中的Some more money变成了宾语，还应该用被动语态 才能使两个句子意义相同。a. sent是主动语态过去时;b.has sent是完成时，主动语态： d. hadsent是过去完成时主动语态。这3个选择都不是被动语态，因此都不对。只有c. was sent是过去时被动语态，符合语法和题目意思，所以选C.8 .ba. coins（硬币），b. notes（纸币，钞票），c. cheques（支票），d. photographs（照片）。4 个选择 中只有b.notes最符合题目意思，因为本句中的wallet（夹子，钱夹）是用来放钱（钞票）的，所 以选b.词意思最贴切。9 .ca. would是wind的过去式，意思是“缠绕，卷"b.rolled（卷，滚）;c. wrapped（包裹）;d. bound （绑，缚）。从词的搭配上来讲，只有c.wrapped词意思最贴切，最适合这个句子，其他3个 选择都不符合题目意思，所以应该选c.10 . b本句需要选一个同前一句的diditcontain意义相同的短语。a. did it consist不合乎语法， 也不合乎题目意思,consist后面应该有of,表示“由.组成”;c. did it include（它包括）;d.had it（它 有），这3个选择都不够贴切，只有b. was there in it（里面有）最接近did it contain的含义，所以 选b.11 .d.a. money （钱），b. a coin （硬币）,c. a cheque（支票）和 d. a message （口头或书面的消息，口 信，便条）这4个选择中只有d与前一句中的note（字条）意义相近，所以选&12 . b本句缺少-一个时间状语，需要选-一个 合适的时间短语。a. At times （有时）不合乎题目 意思;c.With the times（随着潮流）也不合乎题目意思;d. A long time （长时间）不能作时间状语； 只有b. After a time（一段时间以后）最符合题目意思，所以选b.