2023年全国医学博士外语统一考试(英语).docx

B. To go by Taxi.D. To rent a car.B. 1-213-555-2112.D. 1-231-555-2112.B. A frequent headache.D. A boring hospitalization.B. Boss and secretary.D. Driver and passenger.B. To help his brother right away.D. To seek advice from the woman.B. He is examining a patient.D. He is taking a patient's history.B. To go to the botanic garden.D. To play tennis.C. Four.D. Seven.B. She cried over her failure.D. She was jealous of the man.B. He will never try the stuff. D. he regrets tried the stuff.B. He will not join the team.2023年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷Paper OnePart I Listening Comprehension (30%)Section A1. A. John failed the exam.B. John didn't take the exam.C. John passed the exam, but scored low.D. It took John a long time to pass the exam.2. A. To travel by train.C. To go hiking.3. A. 1-231-555-1212.C. 1-213-555-1212.4. A. Morning sickness.C. A pain in her right leg.5. A. Doctor and patient.C. Agent and customers.6. A. To buy another pair of shoes.C. To turn to his brother for help.7. A. He is offering a piece of advice.C. He is attending his daughter.8. A. To ask the man to call her back.C. To do some gardening.9. A. Louise is not a new comer.B. Louise loves being a nurse.C. Louise did a lot of work for the man.D. Louise has been waiting for a long time.10. A. Two.B. Three.11. A. She was thrown out of the car.B. She was knocked down by a car.C. She hit her head on the steering wheel.D. She got the steering wheel in her chest.12. A. She overacted to the man.C. She made a success of diet.13. A. He hates those who fool around.C. He will shoot any drug dealer.14. A. The opposite to the man's expectation.B. A quicker recovery than expected.C. A pair of mismatching boots.D. her healthy pregnancy.15. A. He will do as requested.C. be allowed to use a certain amount of water and electricityD. do as required to generate enough water and electricity for the day82. According to the passage, envirocredits go to those who.A. recycle their garbage at homeB. limit themselves to solar energyC. push envirotechnology forwardD. do some environment-friendly83. the effects the wife is feeling at once following the instructions refer to.A. the desire to make a babyB. the permission to make a babyC. the device to help her make a babyD. the consequences of making a baby84. The good news for the wife turned into bad news because.A. she has to wait for another 37 yearsB. to create a new life is to replace an old oneC. population is strictly controlled in the countryD. today she is not healthy enough to make a baby85. What is the passage?A. It is a scenarioB. It is a true storyC. It is a piece of newsD. It's a scientific reportPassage SixJust because you're better educated doesn't mean that you're any more rational than everyone else, not matter how hard you may try to give that impression.Take the selection of lottery numbers. A survey in Florida described at this year's annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science shows that better educated people try to use random number system to pick their lottery numbers.Despite the apparent logic of choosing random numbers, however, their chances of winning are not better than those of ordinary folk who use birthdays, anniversaries and other “lucky" dates. Nor are they better off than those who draw on omens and intuitions, picking numbers seen on car number-plates and in dreams. But no doubt they feel a lot more rational.That appearance of "rationality“ may be a dangerous thing. Scientists are not immune to subtle and subjective influences on their judgments. Take the data from a survey of the public and members of the British Society of Toxicology discussed at the same meeting.The survey shows that most people agree with the view that animals can be used to help predict how humans will react to chemicals, and that if a chemical causes cancer in an animal we can be "reasonably sure“ it will cause cancer in humans. The toxicologists, however, are more circumspect. They accept the first statement but arc less likely to agree that if a chemical causes cancer in an animal, it will cause cancer in a human.Can this difference be attributed to their expertise? Perhaps. But consider the considerable variation among toxicologists: those who were young, female, working in academia rather than industry or who felt that technology is not always used for the good of all, were more likely to agree that what causes cancer in an animal will cause cancer in a human.Maybe we need to think more about how who we are affects our "rational' decisions.86. According to the Florida-based survey, those who are better educated feel a lot more rational about the way they.A. look at the worldB. use logic in doing scienceC. choose their lottery numbersD. use numbers professionally and personally87. Actually, the selection of random numbers.A. does not work any better than the use of omens and intuitionsB. stands more chance of winning a lottery in the United StatesC. is wrongly appreciated by rational peopleD. is widely practiced in lottery88. What are the survey data suggesting in the passage?A. We are leave in the age of rationality.B. Nobody can be trusted in terms of truth.C. Humans and animals do not react to chemicals in the same way.D. The sense of rationality cannot avoid being subjectively influenced89. What the author is trying to say in the passage.A. can be further illustrated by the opinion among toxicologistsB. is acceptable to those young and female toxicologistsC. is rational enough to accept in the world of scienceD. has much to do with his own experience90. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. A Very Comforting IllusionB. A Rational Approach to LotteryC. A Survey on Education and RationalityD. A Difference between Scientists and OthersPaper TwoPart V Writing(20%)水果是否可吃可不吃水果含有人体必需而又不能自身合成的矿物质，具有强抗氧化作用、防止细胞苍老的维 生素以及可以明显降低血液中胆固醇浓度的可溶性纤维果胶等，对人体健康特别有益。 但中国人特殊是男性，常常吃水果的比例很低。20世纪80年头我在美国分析了美国100万人10年追踪探讨的资料，发觉不吃或很少 吃水果的人群，肺癌死亡率为吃水果人群的1.75倍。而且从45岁到74岁的每个5岁年龄 组均出现类似的结果，说明这种因果关系特别牢靠。美国有句谚语叫：“一天一个苹果，不用看医生工说明他们很早就总结出了水果对疾病 的预防作用。世界卫生组织近年来提出了“每天五蔬果”的口号。其含义是，为保障健康，最好每天吃 够五种蔬菜和五种水果。近年来美国哈佛高校的一些探讨表明，多进食水果和蔬菜还可降低中风和冠心病的发病 危急。那么，究竟是水果中的什么成分起到了这样的作用？是不是维生素？服用市售维生素制 剂是否可起到相同作用？我又进一步分析了肺癌死亡与服用维生素制剂的关系。结果发觉, 常常服用维生素并不能起到类似的爱护作用，再特地分析重度吸烟者肺癌死亡率与进食水果 和服用维生素制剂的关系，发觉水果仍旧起到爱护作用，而维生素却没有，该分析探讨的结 论是人工合成的维生素不能替代水果对肺癌死亡的预防作用。后来的一些探讨也得出了同样 的结论。对此，养分免疫学专家的说明是：自然植物中的维生素并不是单独起作用，而是与其他 维生素和养分素相互联合一起工作。一种维生素补充的过多或不足，均会影响和减弱其他养 分素或维生素的作用。由于化学合成的维生素是与其他维生素和养分素分别的，复方的各成 分间的比例也与自然的不尽相同，所们他们不能产生与自然物质中所含的维生素一样的功 效。有些国外的专家把这种现象戏称为“人造的不如神造的“。另外，蔬菜水果中还可能含有 某些尚未被人类相识的生理活性物质。目前，自然食物的抗氧化作用已成为一个重要的探讨 领域，各国养分学家正在进行探讨开发。探讨已证明，有些蔬菜水果具强抗氧化作用，如大 蒜、胡萝卜、柿子椒、柑橘、舜猴桃等能提高体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性，发挥延 缓苍老的作用。美国心脏病学会指出，在一般状况下，只要消化汲取功能正常，合理进食就不存在缺乏 维生素问题，不必另行补充。同时还提示人们留意从日常食物中摄取必需的维生素。综上所述，在日常生活中，水果应作为每日膳食的重要组成部分，决不是可有可无的东 西。对一般人群来说，维生素制剂决不能也不应当代替日常对水果、蔬菜的进食。另外，过 多地服用维生素制剂还可能引致一些副作用，有些甚至特别严峻。如服用过量维生素D会 导致软组织钙化，对肾脏和心血管系统造成损伤；长期服用维生素E易引致血栓等。在病 态状况下，由于体内某些维生素的大量消耗或汲取合成转化不良，打破了其正常平衡，则必 需适当补给，如发热、手术、患心肌梗死等疾病时需补充维生素C；肝肾功能不良时需补充 维生素D等。但这些均需在医生的指导下运用。C. The woman is crazy about him.Section BD. The woman has trouble standing.Dialogue16. A. for the purpose of diagnosis confirmation.B. For the possibility of legal trouble.C. For the doctor's investigation.D. For the patient's further use.B. He falls with a stomach problem.D. He has a loss of weight.B. Have an operation.D. Take medications for pain relief.B. more than five years.D. Approximately 5 years.C. Hesitant.D. Factual.B. Space exploration.D. Unknown flying objects.17. A. He has got cancer in his pancreas.C. he suffers from fatigue.18. A. See a dieticianC. Start chemotherapy.19. A. A couple of years.C. A couple of months.20. A. Suspicious.B. AnxiousPassage One21. A. Life evolution.C. Extraterrestrial life.22. A. His 50th birthday.B. NASA's 50th anniversary.C. The university's 50th anniversary.D. The US Cosmology Association's 50th anniversary.B. Intelligent life is fairly common.D. Any form of life is possible.B. Alien kidnapping.D. Dangerous infection.C. IndifferentD. Supportive.23. A. Even primitive life is impossible.C. Intelligent life is less likely.24. A. Nuclear weapons.C. human extinction.25. A. Ironic.B. NegativePassage Two26. A. Obese people need more food.B. Obese people require more fuel.C. Obesity contributes to global warming.D. Obesity is growing as a global phenomenon.27. A. Limited living space.B. Crowded shopping mall.C. Food shortage and higher energy prices.D. Incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.28. A.Over 700 millions.B. Over 400 millions.C.Over 2.3 billions.D. Over 3 billions.29. A.1800 calories.B. 1280 calories.C.1680 calories.D. 2960 calories.30. A.Climate change.B. The fall of food prices.C.A rise in energy prices.D. An increasing demand for food.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section A31. The conditions and places are likely to cause diseases.A. insanitaryB. insidiousC. insaneD. inefficacious32. The witness was by the judge for failing to answer the question.A. abstainedB. acquittedC. admonishedD. adduced33. He has two cars this year because of traffic accidents.A. pulled offB. worn outC. passed out34. People are much better informed since the of the internet.A. convenienceB. adventC. interfaceD. written offD. aftermath35. All instruments that come into contact with the patient must be before being used byothers.A. sterilizedB. labeledC. quarantinedD. retained36. By adopting this cunning policy, the clinic risks many of its patients.A. acquittingB. allocatingC. alleviating37. Humor can also be a powerful against stress and misfortune.A. braveryB. blossomC. buffer38. Diabetes upsets the of sugar, fat and protein.A. metastasisB. metabolismC. malaiseD. alienatingD. buffetD. maintenance39. The muscular can affect the way we feel mentally.A. potencyB. fiberC. lethargyD. synthesis40. Evidence is widespread that HIV-infected persons show to their unsafe behavior.A. respond toB. reflect onC. wipe outD. put offSection B41. Memory can both be enhanced and impaired by the use of drugs.A. inhibitedB. injuredC. induced42. Is it true that this is the major drawback of the new medical plan.A. defectB. assistanceC. culpritD. intervenedD. triumph43. The physician was becoming exasperated by all the questions they were asking.A. frustratedB. perplexedC. irritatedD. crippled44. We were shocked at the physician's callous disregard for the human dimension of medicine.A. involuntaryB. apparentC. deliberateD. indifferentD. resonatingD. resentingD. prudentD. encumberedD. considerable45. For years, biologists have known that chimpanzees and even some monkeys produce a pantingSound akin to human laughter.A. rockingB. gaspingC. vibrating46. Everybody at the party was in a very relaxed and jolly mood.A. rejoicingB. reconcilingC. refreshing47. The bacterial infection is curable with judicious use of antibiotics.A. impudentB. imprudentC. purulent48. He tried to run, but he was hampered by his broken leg.A. endangeredB. enduredC. encountered49. The whole holiday was a colossal waste of money.A. consecutive B. conductiveC. considerate50. The idea of correcting the defective genes is not particularly controversial in the scientific community.A. inevitableB. applicableC. disputableD. incrediblePart III Cloze (10%)Every day, over a million people log onto different Internet-based games. There is truly something for everyone in the gaming world. Games provide a quick escape from 51. Game developers are the new breed of storytellers, creating alternative 52. Games represent the ultimate interactive movie, allowing the user to control the direction of the plot.And now the newest technologies allow you to play games no matter where you are. At home, we have PC or video game consoles.53, a desktop or laptop computer can be loaded with OS-bundled games or Web-based freebies. Even while traveling, there are many wireless computers, portable game devices, wireless phones and PDAs 54.Games are now pushing back all the 55 once placed upon them by technology, category,realism, location and time. These advances are helping to push games into the 56 of visualreality. Thus, the stuff of science fiction novels is gradually emerging, the graphic aspects of the game quickly 57. Initially, electronic involved 58 moving blocks across a TV orcomputer screen. 59 the vast increases in processing power, games are quickly approaching three-dimensional realism. This power allows a developer to create a 60 worldwhere a gamer can look around in full 360-degree vision.51. A. society52. A. approaches53. A. In general54. A. to choose from55. A. defects56. A. room57. A. evolve58. A. simply59. A. Aiding by60. A. humanB. realityB. charactersB. At presentB. to chooseB. drawbacksB. realmB. evolvingB. readilyB. To aid byB. originalC. dreamC. worldsC. In realityC. choosing fromC. limitationsC. rangeC. evolvedC. exceptionallyC. Aided byC. realisticD. illusionD. mazesD. At workD. chosenD. disadvantagesD. boundaryD. evolveD. simultaneouslyD. To be aided byD. microscopicPart IV Reading Comprehension (30%)Passage OneToo much alcohol dulls your senses, but a study in Japan shows that the moderate drinkers have a higher IQ than teetotalers.Researchers at the National Institute for the Longevity Sciences in Aichi Prefecture, 250 kilometers west of Tokyo, tested the IQs of 2000 people between the ages of 40 and 79. They found that, on average, men who drank moderately - defined as less than 540 milliliters of sake or wine a day - had an IQs that was 3.3 points higher than men who did not drink at all. Women drinkers scored 2.5 points higher than female teetotalers.The type of alcohol didn't influence the results. The volunteers tried a variety of tipples, which ranged from beer and whisky to wine and sake.The researchers are quick to point out that the results do not necessarily show that drinking will make you more intelligent.“It's very difficult to show a cause-cffcct relationship,says senior researcher Hiroshi Shimokata. " we screened subjects for factors such as income and education, but there may be other factors such as lifestyle and nutritional intake.”Shimokata says that people who drink sake, or Japanese rice wine, tend to eat more raw fish. This could be a factor in enhanced intelligence, as fish often contain essential fatty acids that have been linked to br