初中英语2024届中考复习说明文写作讲解与练习（写人+写物+解决问题+现象评论）.doc

中考英语说明文写作讲练1.写人【写前必看】一般包括人物的出生年月、主要经历、事迹成就、影响和评价等。首先要全面了解这个人，然后根据需要选取写作素材，简明扼要又重点突出地去介绍，力求真实准确，恰如其分。人物介绍一般都是从外形到性格，或从一般经历到创造性的贡献，在最后常有结论性的评语。【写作模板】01.外貌特征beautiful, big nose, fat, black eyes, goodlooking,handsome, healthy, nearsighted, pretty, ordinarylooking, short, strong, tall, thin, with a big smile, whitehaired, curly / straight hair, medium height .02.性格特点absentminded, attractive,bright, confident, friendly, badtempered, generous,humorous, kind, kindhearted, lazy, naughty, smart, warmhearted, wise, outgoing, quiet .03.兴趣爱好be good at, be interested in, be fond of, be pleased with,enjoy doing, expect to do, look forward to doing sth, put ones heart into .04.经历事迹concentrate on doing sth, devote oneself to, encourage sb to do sth, fight for, have a good way of doing sth, make up ones mind to do sth, try ones best to do sth.05.他人评价a model, be considered as, be famous / known as, be regarded as, make great contributions to our country, set a good example to all of us .【满分突破】 第一步审题体裁：说明文写人人称：第三人称时态：一般现在时第二步抓住要点导言：引出要写的人物并做基本介绍。如：年龄、职业等基本信息。叙述典型事例：介绍人物的典型事例。结尾：写感言以及对人物的评价。 第三步扩充细节第四步：连句成篇【练习】请以Lu Xun为题，用英语写一篇80词左右的短文介绍鲁迅。要点提示:1.生于1881年，是中国著名的思想家、教育家、翻译家；2.1918年出版了中国现代文学史上第一部白话小说vernacular novel狂人日记Diary of a Madman；3.死于1936年。【满分突破】 第一步审题体裁：写人说明文人称：第三人称时态：一般现在时 第二步抓细节导言：引出要写的人物并做基本介绍。如：年龄、职业等基本信息。叙述典型事例：介绍人物的典型事例。结尾：写感言以及对人物的评价。【高分句型】JoeKnowing that being just a doctor is worthless to China in the dark days, Lu devoted himself to writing.Jerry ZhuangAs a highclaimed thinker, admirable educator, respectable translator and celebrated philosopher, Lu Xun played an essential role in Chinas independence and development.Lu Xun, who died in 1936 in cause of tiredness, is the idol that we should model ourselves after! His braveness and love to China still encourage us to accomplish the Chinese dream and spare no effort to overcome difficulties bravely.DoraGrowing up in a traditional Chinese family, Lu Xun suffered from the strict family rules and oldfashioned social custom.During his stay in Japan, he realized Chinese were not physically ill but in mental.It was a huge impact to Chinese.He made a great contribution in developing literature and waking the whole backward China.He is worth being remembered and respected by us forever.JohnnyA country cannot develop without pioneers, a people cannot live without heroes.Lu Xun, who was a famous thinker, educator, translator is a great hero in Chinese literature.Unfortunately, such a great man who saved Chinese passed away in 1936.JessicaA large amount of people were inspired by his thoughts.EnoLu Xun devoted his life to Chinese revolution, his thoughts greatly influenced Chinese people.The awakening of national consciousness was promoted by him.He will be deeply memorized by all Chinese! EricWith the great contribution made by him, he is still popular among almost every Chinese.AmyIt is acknowledged that he is one of the most respectable person in Chinese history.2.写物【写前必看】事物说明文是以介绍事物的形状、构造、性质、变化、类别、状态、功能、成因、结果等方面的特征。说明的目的是给读者提供知识，使之理解客观世界，掌握解决问题的方法。对中学生而言，事物说明文的出题形式为文字、图标、图表、文体则可见于短文、书信、便条、日记等。【满分突破】 第一步审题体裁：说明文描写事物人称：第一人称时态：一般现在时第二步抓住要点导入背景：介绍端午节的起源。活动介绍：大家是如何庆祝端午节的。个人感受：如何弘扬传统文化。 第三步扩充细节第四步：连句成篇【练习】假如你发明的飞行单车在市科技节中获奖，被推荐去参加一个国际青少年科技展览。请根据以下要点完成一篇英语短文，介绍你的发明。1.外观：两个轮子，两只翅膀；2.用途：可在地面和空中行驶；可拍照.3.特点：速度快；使用方便.4.改进计划.【必备短语】a top speed of 最高速度为. live a better life 过上更好的生活impress sb. 使某人印象深刻 strongly recommend sth.to sb.强烈推荐某物给某人【高分句型】DoraWonderful pictures of our beautiful motherland can be taken while you are ridding it.In brief, this bike is a quite active and modern invention.However, its certain that some more things can be added to improve it, like a light for you to ride it at night, or a GPS to lead your road.Hopefully, it will be used worldwide and be more useful in the future! KevinYou can take photos with a hightech camera on the bike conveniently if you want to record some wonderful sights.Last but not least, selfdriving is also achieved by AI.TinaYou will fall in love with it at the first sight.So great is the flying bicycle that it can drive both on the ground and in the sky.DarcyNever can we deny that hightechnology has a farreaching influence on our life.It is the light that makes us not be afraid of darkness.TobyWhen you encounter an unexpected situation, you can switch driving style, which is very convenient.KelsenHowever, some parts need to be improved.I will design an automatic parachute to protect our safety in case of emergency like a crash with a bird in the air.I will also replace gasoline with electric power, which can protect our environment.3.解决问题【练习1】青少年是祖国的未来。在创建全国文明城市的过程中， 你市举办了“美德少年”评选活动。请以“Be a Virtue Teenager”为题，用英语写一篇倡议书，号召大家积极争做“美德少年”。【高分秘诀】 第一步审题体裁：说明文解决问题人称：第一人称时态：一般现在时第二步抓住要点导言：介绍活动背景。展开：介绍美德少年必备品质和行为表现。结尾：对全文进行总结，写感言。 第三步扩充细节【练习2】新冠疫情提醒人们更加重视健康。越来越多的人通过运动来保持健康，但是运动安全也不容小觑。请你给学校英语报投稿，号召同学们重视运动安全。要点提示：1.运动安全的现状和重要性；2.运动安全的建议.【必备短语】stay fit 保持健康 food for thought 值得深思be lack of 缺乏 awareness of .的意识at once 立即 do good to sb. 对某人有利 had better do sth. 最好做某事 be supposed to do sth.应该做某事【高分句型】EnoIn brief, people should raise the awareness of exercising safety and keep healthy in a proper way.In this way, can we build up a healthy society together.KelsenWarm up your body before doing exercise is a good way which can avoid yourself in exercise.Allen LiIt is essentially important that realizing the importance of safe exercise should be supposed.JohnnyFirst and foremost, if you want to do some exercise, you can start by warming up your body, research shows that warming up before exercise can greatly reduce the probability of injury.Not all actions are mentioned above, moreover, the most crucial thing is to take actions right now!ChrisFrom my point of view, a certain degree of exercise is beneficial to us, but too much is a kind of stress to our body, so why not do sports in a healthy way? 4.现象评论【练习1】当前，许多学生在课外沉溺于智能手机 (smart phones)。针对这一现象，学校将组织开展一次“拒绝手机诱惑，健康学习生活”的主题活动。请你根据下面的提示用英语写一篇现象评论。内容包括：1.描述青少年沉溺于智能手机的现象2.沉溺于智能手机对学生造成的影响3.你的建议【高分秘诀】 第一步审题体裁：说明文现象评论人称：第三人称时态：一般现在时第二步抓住要点引入段：开门见山，描述现象。描述学生沉溺于手机的现象。主体段：条理清晰，分析影响。解释该问题对学生产生的影响。升华段：号召呼吁，提出建议。陈述解决问题的方法。 第三步扩充细节Beginning 1.Nowadays, quite a lot of students become addicted to smart phones.2.More and more students are addicted to smart phones these days, which influences their physical and mental health.3.They spend much time playing phone games as soon as they get back home / they have free time.4.They would rather chat or share feelings and pressure with netfriends than communicate with their parents.Middle 1.Students become less interested in study and they are unwilling to do homework / they spend less time on study.2.They often spend so much time in playing games that they feel tired.3.They are unwilling to talk with their parents, which leads to a deep gap with their parents.Ending We should share problems and pressure with parents so that our parents can have a better understanding of our problems and offer advice.【练习2】假如你是李华，请给你的美国朋友David写一封邮件，介绍你校开展的校内延时服务内容，并询问他的学校课后课程开展情况。要点提示：1.自主决定是否选择延时服务；2.开展多种社团活动，如篮球.；3.这项服务给学生带来的好处；【必备短语】an introduction to. .的介绍 raise ones interest in 提高.的兴趣participate in 参加 from ones perspective 在某人来看in addition 除了. be beneficial to 对.有益处 set up 设立，建立 broaden ones horizons 开阔视野【高分句型】Allen LiOur school has carried out afterschool course in the purpose of developing students selfstudying ability and enriching our school life.Jerry ZhongIt has been a great time for me since our school started the afterschool course programme which students can independently choose whether to have it or not.EricSo great it is that I cant wait to share it with you.Furthermore, being a participant of the class, you can not only enjoy the great fun, but also obtain large amount of knowledge which you cant get it from the school normal classes.DoraRecently, our school has held an afterschool activity.We can choose to join in our not personally.More details are as follows.Personally speaking, the afterclass activity is such a rewarding program that not only enriches our school life but also gives us a chance to strengthen our related skills and broaden our horizon.How about your school? Hopefully, it is as great as mine.I will keep participate in it in the future.7