2022年初中英语语法重难点中考复习二轮微专题12代词考点知识点完全归纳总结.docx
初中英语语法重难点 中考学习/复习微专题【精讲版·全国通用】12初中英语代词考点知识点完全归纳总结考点1 考查人称代词的用法人称代词有主格和宾格之分,单数与复数之分。其中主格有I, you, he, she, it, we, they等,它们在句中作主语用;宾格有me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them等,它们在句中作动词或介词的宾语。如:Reading more helps _ learn better. A. we B. our C. us D. ours答案为C。因为是用于动词后作宾语,故用宾格,其余三项要么为主格,要么为物主代词,均不正确。注意,对于someone, anyone, everyone这类指人的复合不定式代词,由于本身所表示的性别不清楚,所以使用代词时通常用复数形式的they, them, their。如:Everyone in the hall knew me, but I did not know _. A. him B. her C. them D. those答案为C。此处的them用于指前面指代前面提到的everyone。考点2 考查物主代词的用法英语的物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种。形容词性物主代词主要有my, your, his, her, its, our, their,它们在句子中只用于名词前作定语;名词性物主代词主要有mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs,它们在句子中不能作定语,但可作主语、宾语、表语或与of连用作后置定语。如:Its too far. Im afraid I cant walk to the square.You can ride _ bike. My aunts bike is here, so I can use _. A. my; hers B. mine; hers C. mine; her D. my; her答案为A。根据句意,第一空填形容词性物主代词,因为是直接用于名词前作定语;第二空填名词性物主代词,因为是单独用作动词宾语。考点3 考查反身代词的用法英语反身代词有myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves等,它们在句子中主要用作宾语或同位语。做题时,要特别注意反身代词对应的人称。如:Dont worry about me. Im old enough to think for _. A. himself B. herself C. yourself D. myself答案为D。根据Dont worry about me(不要为我担心)可知,说话者认为自己已经长大,可以为自己考虑了,故选D。另外还要注意含有反身代词的固定搭配,如enjoy oneself(玩得高兴)、teach oneself(自学)等。考点4 考查some与any的用法在通常情况下,some 用于肯定句,而在否定句和疑问句中则改用any。但是,对于希望得到肯定回答的疑问以及表示请求或建议的疑问句,则通常要用some。如:Would you like to have _ coffee? No, thanks. I dont want _ drinks now. A. any; any B. any; some C. some; some D. some; any答案为D。对话的第一句虽然是一般疑问句,但它表示礼貌地提供,故宜用some;而第二句属普通的否定句,宜用any,故选D。考点5 考查many, much, little, few的用法从搭配上看,many和few只用于指代或修饰复数可数名词,而much和little可用于指代或修饰不可数名词;从意义上看,many和much表示“许多”,little和few表示“很少”(表否定意义)。注意a little和a few表示肯定意义,意思是“虽不多但有一些”。如:My cousins have collected stamps for two years. They have _ stamps from different countries. A. few B. many C. much D. little解析:B。由于much和little不能修饰复数可数名词,故可排除C和D;再根据句意,因为集邮做了两年,故应该是有很多邮票,故选B。考点6 考查复合不定代词的用法英语的复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。中考英语对它们的考查主要涉及两个方面:一是考查在具体语境中复合不定代词的正确选用,二是复合不定代词受形容词修饰时的词序(用作定语的形容词习惯上应放在复合不定代词的后面)。如:(1) There must be _ wrong with the clock. It doesnt work. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything答案为B。根据句中的It doesnt work(它不走了)可知,这只钟一定有问题了,故选B。(2) Mrs Brown is nice. Every day she tried to cook _ for me during my stay in Canada. A. something different B. nothing different C. different something D. different nothing答案为A。形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词总是位于复合不定代词之后,故可排除C和D;再根据Mrs Brown is nice(布朗夫人很好)可知,答案应选A而不能选B。考点7 考查it与one的用法区别it和one均可指代前面出现过的名词,但有区别:前者指同一事物,后者指类似事物。如: May I use your calculator? Sorry. I left _ at home. A. it B. one C. this D. that答案为A。it用于指代前面提到过的 calculator。it用于指同一事物,one用于指类似事物。考点8 考查表示两者或三者的不定代词用法按英语习惯,both, either, neither只用于指两者,不用于指三者;而all, any, none, every则只用于三者或多者,不用于指两者。注意,each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用 each,不能用 every。如:Ling Ling and Betty are great. _ of them have been chosen to enter the maths competition. A. None B. Neither C. All D. Both答案为D。根据Ling Ling and Betty are great可知,谈论的只有两个人,可排除A和C,因为它们均只用于三者或多者;再根据great(很棒)可知,这两个人都被选中参加比赛。考点9 考查other, others与another的用法区别这些不定代词不仅在含义上有单复数之分,而且在用法上有泛指(无the)和特指(有the)之别。对于单数而言,若泛指用another,若特指用 the other;对于复数而言,若泛指用other(后接复数名词),若特指用the other(后接复数名词);对于others而言,它永远表示复数意义(且其后不能再接名词)。另外还要注意onethe other(指两者的一个和另一个),someothers(一些另一些)等固定搭配。如:Lily and her sister look the same. I cant tell one from _.A. other B. another C. the other D. others答案为C。表示两者中的一个和另一个,要用onethe other。