人教版（2019） 必修第三册 Unit 2Morals and Virtues Discovering useful structures 非谓语之现在分词作状语 配套学案（无答案）.docx

非谓语之现在分词作状语Teaching aims:1 .现在分词做状语与过去分词作状语的区别2 .现在分词的完成时态的用法3 .独立主格结构与分词作状语区别Difficult points:1 .现在分词的完成时态；2 .独立主格结构Lead-in非谓语动词之分词1 .动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词，当一个简单句或从句中已经出现了一个谓语动词或系动 词，那么第二个动词要变成非谓语形式(V-ed/V-ing/todo)2 .动词的非谓语可做除谓语之外的任何成分，如定语，宾语，表语，宾补，状语，主语等。3 .非谓语中分词形式的选择要先找其逻辑主语，在判断其逻辑主语与非谓语间的关系，现 在分词主动或进行，过去分词被动或完成。Presentation非谓语动词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随。一、状语从句或并列结构的转换非谓语动词作状语可表时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随。可转换为相应状 语从句或and引导的并列结构1 .时间：可转换为由“when, while, until引导的时间状语从句Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.= When she was walking in the park, she saw an old friend.=When walking in the park, she saw an old friend.2 .原因：可转换为由since, because或as引导的原因状语从句Being ilL he couldn't go to school.=As he was ill, he couldn't go to school.3 .条件：可转换为由if, once或unless引导的条件状语从句Working hard, you'll make great progress.=If you work hard, you'll make great progress.4 .让步：可转换为由though/although引导的让步状语从句Knowing it is difficult, I don't give up.=Although I know it is difficult, I don't give up.5 .方式或伴随或结果：可转换为and引导的并列结构Tom sat by the window, reading a book. （V-ing 做伴随状语）=Tom sat by the window and was reading a book.His parents died, leaving him an orphan. （V-ing 做结果状语） =His parents died and left him an orphan.Please answer the question , using another way. （V-ing 做方,式状语）=Please answer the question and use another way.注意1：分词选择要先找逻辑主语（逻辑主语与句子的主语一致），再判断主被动。现在分词 主动或进行，过去分词被动或完成。LWalking in the park, she saw an old friend.6 .Hearing the news, he got frightened.7 .Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.8 .Given more time, we will do better.注意2：一般情况下，过去分词和逻辑主语是被动的关系，但某些过去分词的固定搭配不表 被动，表主语的状态或主观心理感受lost in （沉迷）；seated （坐）；born （出生于）；dressed in （穿 着）；interested in（感兴趣）；tired ofl.Born on 2 January 1970, He began studying music at the University.2.Moved by Mozart's music, he said, “It was like seeing color fbr the first time.”二、doing的完成时态having done分词表示的动作比句子的谓语动词先发生，句子主语与having done的关系依然是 主动关系。1 . Having finished his homework, he rushed out to play basketball.2 .Having studied his lessons very hard, he passed the test.完成式的否定形式：not+having done1 .Not having made full preparations, we put off the meeting.2 . Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the test.三、doing的独立主格结构分词做状语的前提条件为分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致,所以逻辑主语一般省略 当主句的主语和分词的逻辑主语不一致，则逻辑主语不可省，被称作独立主格结构。 现在分词作状语1 .Hearing the news, he got frightened.2 .They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky.独立主格结构The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.Winter coming, people gets more and more worriedExercise:1 .(hear) the news, they couldn't help jumping.2 .Be careful when(cross)the street.3 .(work) for three hours, he took a rest.4 .(use) your head, you'll have a good idea.5 .(work) hard, he didn't feel a bit tired.6 . The heavy rain lasted three days,(result) in serious traffic jams.7 .The girl came in,(follow) her parents.8 .(walk) in the park, she saw an old friend.9 .Mary sat by the window of the classroom,(read) a book.10 .(finish) his homework, Tom listened to music.