浙江省湖州市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末调研测试英语试题（解析版）.docx

浙江省湖州市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末调研测试英语试题第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。AFestival of Light, Longleat Safari Park, WiltshireLongleat is celebrating its 50th anniversary this year. Giant lanterns take the shape of some of the park's animals, and there are also lots of characters in Beatrix Potter's book, such as Peter Rabbit, Jemima Puddle Duck, Squirrel Nutkin, to mark the 150th anniversary of the author's birth. There is also a 20-metre-high birthday cake. £27.85, adult/£20.65, child/under-threes, free.A 15Dec. to 2 Jan.Festival of Light, Enchanted Park, GatesheadEnchanted Park is an interactive walk through Saltwell Park, just south of the town centre, along a trail。、径）of light with performances and sculptures. The story being told is a Midwinter Night7s Tale, inspired by the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeare's death. Visitors can join stories and songs with Santa, and attend decorating workshops. £&, adult/£2, child/under-fburs, free.All-27 Dec.Christmas Glow, RHS Wisley, SurreyThe garden is glowing with giant lighted flowers. Some of the trees are brilliant, too. The glasshouse is decorated like a gingerbread house, and displays seasonal plants. There are lanterns around the lake. The cafe serves hot chocolate and apple juice. £9.90, adut/£3.60, child.A20 Dec. to 2 Jan.Christmas at Kew Gardens, LondonKew is a special place to visit at any time of the day or year, but the festive light show gives it detail that can be seen. It"s a joy to finally have such high-quality data.（科学家们对能看至U 的清晰 度和精细细节没有心理准备。终于有了这么高质量的数据，真令人高兴。户可知，詹姆斯韦 伯望远镜观测到的清晰而详细的图像让科学家感到惊讶。故选BoK14题详析H词句猜测题。根据划线词前半句"The massive foreground galaxy groups magnify and twist the light of objects behind them,（巨大的前景星系群放大并扭曲了它们背后物体的光）”推知， 这种放大和扭曲的光可以帮助我们及时地近距离观察非常模糊的的物体。所以faint为“模糊 的，不清楚的”之意。故选A。K15题详析推理判断题。根据最后一段“With its six-metre aperture, Jame Webb is the largest telescope ever launched into space and from its vantage point a million mile from Earth, free from the Earth's atmosphere, it is expected to deliver the best, most detailed views of the universe we have ever seen. There is no doubt that it will revolutionize our understanding of the universe, just as its predecessor, the Hubble Space Telescope, once did.（詹姆斯韦伯望远镜的口径为6米，是迄今发射到太空 中的最大望远镜。它位于距离地球100万英里的有利位置，不受地球大气层的影响，有望为 我们提供迄今为止所见过的最好、最详细的宇宙图景。毫无疑问，它将彻底改变我们对宇宙 的理解，就像它的前身哈勃太空望远镜曾经做的那样广可推断，詹姆斯韦伯望远镜比哈勃太 空望远镜大。故选A。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。Making the Most of Your Study Abroad ExperienceYou're incredibly excited to study abroad and to experience a new culture. You may be also nervous about studying abroad because you know you'll be stepping out of your comfort zone, but that's only natural. 16Immerse yourself in the local culture. 7 If you're in a country where a foreign language is spoken, immerse yourself in it. Try to speak the language as much as possible, to read the language, and to even watch TV shows on the local channels.Hang out with the right people. A big part of having the perfect study abroad experience is who you hang out with. 18 If you have the right friends, you could end up learning a lotmore about the culture.Take the opportunity to travel. If you're studying abroad, then there's a good chance that you're living within just hundreds of miles of many fantastic destinations. 19 So you should make a point of seizing the opportunity to visit a few foreign places you have never been. However, you shouldn't forget that your main goal is to immerse yourself in the country where you've chosen to study, so you should explore that country the most.20 Thafs right. It's called "study abroad, fbr a reason, which is that you will be spending half of your time either in class, or learning about the local culture through educational trips to museums, palaces, castles, and other historical sites. Don't let yourself forget how absolutely amazing it is that you get to get first-hand knowledge about a culture that fascinates you.A. Remember to learn something.B. Go to as many museums as possible.C. Ifs better to stay in touch with people from home.D. You should seize every opportunity to try something new.E. A ticket to these areas is much cheaper than it will be from home.F. If you'd like to know how to study abroad the right way, follow these tips.G. The company you keep can make or break your entire trip, so choose your friends carefully.K答案U16.F17. D 18. G 19. E 20. AK导语1本文是一篇说明文。文章就出国留学期间应该做什么给出建议。K16题详析I上文“You may be also nervous about studying abroad because you know you'll be stepping out of your comfort zone, but thafs only natural.（你可能也会对出国留学感到紧张，因为你知道 你将走出自己的舒适区，但这是很自然的）”提出出国留学，走出舒适区，可能会带来不适应， 后文四个段落分别给出应对办法。F 项“If you，d like to know how to study abroad the right way, followthesetips.（如果你想知道如何正确地出国留学，请遵循以下建议）''承上启下，引出下文 的四个建议，衔接自然。故选F项。口7题详析I小标题“Immerse yourself in the local culture. （iE自己沉浸在当地文化中）”提出要沉浸在当 地文化中，结合常识可知，D 项"You should seize every opportunity to try something new.（你应 该抓住每一个尝试新事物的机会广所说尝试新事物就是接触当地文化的机会，与本段主题一 致。故选D项。K18题详析小标题"Hang out with the right people.（和对的人出去玩）”提出要和对的人出去玩，G项 “The company you keep can make or break your entire trip, so choose your friends carefully.（你的 同伴可以成就或破坏你的整个旅行，所以谨慎选择你的朋友）''解释了这样做的原因，强调了 要的对的人出去玩的必要性，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。M9题详析H上文“If you're studying abroad, then there's a good chance that you're living within just hundreds of miles of many fantastic destinations.（如果你在国外学习,那么你很有可能就住在离 许多美妙的目的地几百英里的地方厂提出在国外学习可能离一些美妙的旅行目的地会很近, E 项“A ticket to these areas is much cheaper than it will be from home.（到这些地区的机票要比从 国内去便宜得多）”承接上文，鼓励去这些目的地旅行，句中“these areas”照应上文中“many fantastic destinations”,上下文语意连贯。故选E项。K20题详析I设空句是段首小标题，根据段中"It's called "study abroad9for a reason, which is that you will be spending half of your time either in class, or learning about the local culture through educational trips to museums, palaces, castles, and other historical sites. Don't let yourself forget how absolutely amazing it is that you get to get first-hand knowledge about a culture that fascinates you.（它被称为“出国留学”是有原因的，那就是你将花一半的时间在课堂上，或者通过参观博 物馆、宫殿、城堡和其他历史遗迹来学习当地文化。不要让自己忘记，你能获得一个让你着 迷的文化的第一手知识是多么的神奇）”可知，本段主要讲既然是“出国留学”，就要认真学习， 所以“Remember to learn something.（记住要学习一些东西）”是本段内容的概括。故选A项。第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Paris has set a goal of making the Seine swimmable by 2024 when it will host the Olympic Games. If it 21 it will be the first time that 22 in the Seine is legal in over 100 years. To do that, though, the city will have to significantly 23 the levels of toxic （有毒 的）bacteria that flow through the river. Then there9s 24 treasure hidden at the bottom.Around 360 tons of plastic are found in the Seine every year.25 fbr Paris, 11-year-old Raphael is on the case. For nearly two years, he has26 nearly every weekend with his dad, 27 debris （垃圾，残骸）out of the almost 725-kilometer stretch of water. A typical 28 can include anything from an iPhone to an electric scooter.It all started in 2019 when Raphael saw a video from someone doing something 29.So, Raphael asked his parents fbr ropes, a hook and a powerful magnet （磁铁）that could 30 metal objects weighing more than a ton.“At first, it was just meant to be a leisurely weekend 31 J Raphael said. "But onceI saw just how much 32 there was buried at the bottom of the river, it became like afull-time 33 and I wanted other people to know, too.”Last October, Raphael was even awarded the Medal of Paris for his 34. While he's not sure if he can make the entire Seine glisten by the 2024 Olympics, he hopes he'll be one of thefirst 35 in the water once it's declared safe.21. A. hosts22. A. touring23. A. improve24. A. reserved25. A. Lucky26. A. disturbed27. A. fetching28. A. processC. campaign29. A. similarC. funny30. A. seizeB. finishesB. bathingB. controlB. coveredB. GratefulB. lostB. searchingB. catchD. movementB. mysteriousD. dangerousB. breakC. happensC.surfingC. reduceC. trappedC. EagerC. wastedC. pilingD.succeedsD. boatingD.changeD. buriedD. ReadyD. spentD. fishingC. lift31. A. challengeC. activity32. A. jewelryD. attractB. gameD. entertainmentB. garbageC. coal33. A. jobC. business34. A. braveryC. efforts35. A. playersC. diversD. ironB.hobbyD. lifeB. courageD. resultsB. cleanersD. swimmers22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. D 28. B29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. DK导语U本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了近两年来，11岁的拉斐尔几乎每个周末都和 父亲一起，沿着长达725公里的塞纳河水域“钓”垃圾，帮助巴黎实现2024年让塞纳河可游 泳的目标。K21题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果成功，这将是100多年来在塞纳河沐浴首次合法化。A. hosts 主办；B. finishes 完成；C. happens 发生;D. succeeds 成功。根据上文“Paris has set a goal of making the Seine swimmable by 2024”可知，巴黎制定了 2024年要实现让塞纳河可游泳的 目标，句中假设如果“成功”。故选D项。K22题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果成功，这将是100多年来在塞纳河沐浴首次合法化。A. touring 旅游；B. bathing 沐浴；C. surfing 冲浪；D. boating 划船。根据上文“Paris has set a goal of making the Seine swimmable by 2024”和句中"it will be ”可推知，句中说的是 2024 实现塞 纳河可游泳，也可理解为在塞纳河沐浴。故选B项。K23题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，要做到这一点，该市必须大幅降低流经河流的有毒细 菌水平。A. improve改善;B. control控制；C. reduce减少；D. change改变。根据上文Aeta goal of making the Seine swimmable by 2024”和句中"the levels of toxic （有毒的）bacteria that flow through the river.”可推知，要让在塞纳河游泳成为可能，就需要减少有毒细菌水平。故 选C项。K24题详析H考查动词词义辨析。句意:河床底部还有埋藏的“宝藏A. reserved预订；B. covered覆 盖；C. trapped使陷入圈套；D. buried埋葬。根据句中“hidden at the bottom”可知，“宝藏”是 埋在河床底下。故选D项。K25题详析考查形容词词义辨析。句意：巴黎很幸运，11岁的拉斐尔正在做这件事情。A. Lucky幸 运的;B. Grateful感谢的;C. Eager热切的；D. Ready准备就绪的。根据句中“11-year-old Raphael is on the case.”和下文可知，11岁的拉斐尔已经开始清理塞纳河，所以对于要在2024 年实现让塞纳河可游泳的目标的巴黎来说，这是幸运的事情。故选A项。K26题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：近两年来，他几乎每个周末都和父亲一起，在这条长达725 公里的水域里“钓"垃圾。A. disturbed打扰;B. lost失去；C. wasted浪费；D. spent花（时间）。 根据句中“For nearly two years"和"nearly every weekend”可知，拉斐尔和他的父亲花了很多时 间清理塞纳河。故选D项。K27题详析考查动词词义辨析。句意：近两年来，他几乎每个周末都和父亲一起，在这条长达725 公里的水域里"钓"垃圾。A. fetching拿来；B. searching搜寻；C. piling堆放；D. fishing钓。 根据下文“Raphael asked his parents for ropes, a hook and a powerful magnet （磁铁）that could 10 metal objects weighing more than a ton.”可知，拉斐尔用的是一种类似于钓鱼的方式来打 捞垃圾。故选D项。K28题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：有代表性的捕捞物可能包括从苹果手机到电动滑板车的任何 东西。A. process步骤；B. catch捕获物；C.campaign活动；D. movement移动。根据句中 "anything from an iPhone to an electric scooter.”可知，句中说的是打捞上来的物品。故选B项。K29题详析考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一切都始于2019年，当时拉斐尔看到了一个视频，视 频中有人在做类似的事情。A. similar类似的；B. mysterious神秘的；C. funny滑稽的；D. dangerous 危险的。根据句中“Raphael saw a video”和下文“So, Raphael asked his parents for ropes, a hook and a powerful magnet （磁铁）that could metal objects weighing more than aton.”可知，拉斐尔是看到视频中有人做了类似的事情,得到启发,所以自己也开始打捞垃圾。 故选A项。K30题详析H考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，拉斐尔向他的父母要了绳子、钩子和一个强大的磁铁， 可以吸引超过一吨重的金属物体。A. seize抓住；B. break打破；Clift提起；D. attract吸引。 根据句中“a powerful magnet （磁铁厂可知，磁铁会吸金属物体。故选D项。K31题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：“起初，这只是一个悠闲的周末娱乐，”拉斐尔说。A. challenge 挑战；B. game游戏；C.activity活动;D. entertainment娱乐。根据句中“leisurely”可知,最 初拉斐尔把这件事情看作娱乐活动。故选C项。K32题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到河底埋着多少垃圾时，这就像是一份全职工作, 我也想让其他人知道。A. jewelry珠宝；B. garbage垃圾；C.coal煤；D.iron铁。根据上文 “For nearly two years, he has nearly every weekend with his dad,debris （垃圾，残骸）out of the almost 725-kilometer stretch of water.”可知，河床底下埋的是垃圾。故选 B 项。K33题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当我看到河底埋着多少垃圾时，这就像是一份全职工作, 我也想让其他人知道。A. job工作;B. hobby业余爱好；C. business商业；D. life生命。根 据上文“At first, it was just meant to be a leisurely weekend"和句中"it became like a full- time可知，从最初的悠闲娱乐变成了全职工作。故选A项。K34题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：去年10月，拉斐尔甚至因为他的努力被授予了巴黎勋章。 A. bravery勇敢；B. courage勇气；C. efforts努力；D. results结果。根据上文可知，拉斐尔 和他的父亲两年来一直致力于打捞塞纳河河床底下埋的是垃圾，所以他得到巴黎勋章一定是 因为他的努力付出。故选C项。K35题详析考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然他不确定他是否能在2024年奥运会前让塞纳河闪闪发 光，但他希望一旦塞纳河被宣布安全，他就能成为第一批下水游泳的人之一。A. players队 员；B. cleaners 清洁工人；C.divers 潜水者；D. swimmers 游泳者。根据句中 “in the water once it's declared safe”可推知，拉斐尔希望塞纳河安全后，他能成第一个下水游泳的人之一。故选 D项。第二节（共10小题;每小题L5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Wang Yaping, a female taikonaut of Shenzhou XIII mission, 36 (become) China's first and the world's 16th female space walker on Nov. 8. Despite physical challenges, female astronauts have unique 37(advantage).Understanding between astronauts is very important for carrying out space activities, which38 (base) on excellent communication skills. Women are better in communication and language expression, 39 (help) female astronauts conduct space activities.Men and women are different in body size, 40 also gives women unique convenience for spacewalks. They can control their weight better and thus perform a wider variety of tasks. A different body shape requires a different spacesuit. Wang's tailor-made spacesuit was41 (light) than the male version. Designers improved the pattern of this spacesuit to make it more 42 (suit) for astronauts with slimmer figures.Many studies also have found that female astronauts are better in qualities such as attention to detail and thinking 43 (thorough). Men tend to excel in shorter-term, goal-oriented situations, 44 women are better in longer-term, habitation-type circumstances. So we are witnessing history thanks 45 Wang's bravery.K 答案36. became 37. advantages 38. is based 39. helping 40. which 41. lighter 42. suitable 43. thoroughly 44, while#but 45. toK导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了神舟十三号女航天员王亚萍成为中国首位、 世界第16位女航天员。K36题详析I考查动词时态。句意：11月8日，神舟十三号女航天员王亚萍成为中国首位、世界第 16位女航天员。根据on Nov. 8可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填 became oK37题详析I考查名词复数。句意：尽管女性宇航员面临身体上的挑战，但她们有独特的优势。 advantage“优势”，是可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填advantages。K38题详析I考查动词语态。句意：宇航员之间的理解对于开展太空活动非常重要，这是建立在优秀 的沟通技巧基础上的。此处是非限定性定语从句的谓语动词，关系代词which替代先行词 Understanding,在从句中作主语，从句谓语动词使用单数形式；which与base是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态；句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is based。K39题详析I考查非谓语动词。句意：女性的沟通能力和语言表达能力更强，可以帮助女性宇航员进 行太空活动。此处表示一种自然的结果，即属预料之中的事，应用现在分词，作结果状语。 故填 helpingoK40题详析I考查定语从句。句意：男性和女性的体型不同,这也为女性太空行走提供了独特的便利。 此处是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，作从句主语，应用关系代词which 引导。故填which。K41题详析考查形容词比较级。句意：王的特制宇航服比男版宇航服更轻。根据空后than可知，此 处应用形容词比较级，作表语。故填lighter。K42题详析考查形容词。句意:设计师改进了这种宇航服的样式，使其更适合身材较苗条的宇航员。 此处作宾语补足语，补充说明宇航服的特性，应用形容词。故填suitable。K43题详析I考查副词。句意：许多研究还发现，女性宇航员在关注细节和思考透彻等素质方面更胜 一筹。此处修饰动名词，应用副词。故填thoroughly。K44题详析考查连词。句意：男性往往在短期、目标导向的情况下表现出色，但女性在长期、居住 类型的情况下表现更好。前后句意存在转折关系，应用转折连词while或but。故填while或 butoK45题详析考查介词。句意：所以，多亏了王的勇敢，我们见证了历史。固定短语thanks to”多亏 了”，to是介词。故填to。第三部分：写作（共两节;满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）46.假定你是高二学生李华，下周你将代表班级参加学校以“Science and technology changes life”为题的演讲比赛，请写一篇英文演讲稿，内容包括：1 .举例说明科技对生活的影响;2 .你的感受。注意：1.词数80左右；3 .可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear teachers and fellow students,K 答 案 H Dear teachers and fallow students,I'm honored to share my opinion on how science and technology changes our life.With the fast development of science and technology, our life has become easier and smarter. For example, I always wear my smart sports watch, which can keep track of my health condition and help me get into good shape. Also, whenever I get home, the smart lock in my house can recognize my face a