高考英语动词和词组外语学习英语词汇_外语学习-英语词汇.pdf

学习必备 欢迎下载 高考英语动词和词组 概述 主要涉及的考点有：常见动词及动词近义词辨析；及物动词常被误为不及物动词；特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析：develop 发展冲洗；meet 见面满足；cover 覆盖涉及等；拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有：hang(hanged 绞死，hung 悬挂)；lay(laid,laid)放置；lie(lied,lied)说慌；lie(lay,lain)平卧等。热点 1 几个常见的谓语动词 1.关于 make（1）make 当“做、制造”解时，可跟双宾语，间接宾语用 for 引导。如：He ll make me a kite.=He ll make a kite for me.他将给我制作一个风筝。（2）make 通常与一些表示动作的名词连用。如：make a study/trip/promise/movement/statement/dive/request/change/fire/demand/speech/report/face/plan/success/living/difference make an explanation/experiment/excuse/effect/apologyto sb make preparations/progress/room for sb make one s way/bread tea coffee/up one s mind/no answer(3)make 作使役动词时,表示“使做某事、使成为“，可跟复合结构，其中的宾补可以是：形容词：They are trying to make our country beautiful.他们在努力使我们国家变得美丽。名词：I would make you king over the earth.我会使你灰飞烟灭地球之王。过去分词：What made him so frightened?什么使他如此害怕？省去 to 的不定式：The boy made faces just to make the other students laugh.这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑。注意：make 在被动语态中一定要接带 to 的不定式。No one is ever made to be hero.没有天生的英雄。典例 1The regulations were made_ children after the accidents.A.protect B.to protect C.protecting D.to be protected 构成：make it+adj.+to do sth./that-clause 使（做）某事成为。典例 2The manager,_it clear to us that he didn t agree with us,left the meeting 学习必备 欢迎下载 room.(江西卷)A.who has made B.having made C.made D.Making（4）make作“制造、组成”时构成的词组，常使用被动语态。成品+be made of+原料（看得出原料）成品+be made from+原料（难看或看不出原料）原料+be made into+成品 成品+be made by+执行者制造者 成品+be made in+地点 物体组织+be made up of+若干成份 典例 3 The old cottage can be_ temporary(临时的)houses.A.made into B.made of C.made by D.made in（5）make构成的两个常用词组：make up(for)弥补，虚构，缝制，化妆，整理等。如：make up jokes 编笑话；make up a poem/a story/a song 编诗歌/故事/歌曲。再如：They hurried on to make up for lost time.他们加速进行以补回失去的时间。The boy made up a story;it was not true.男孩儿编了个故事，这故事不是真的。She made up her face to look prettier.她化了妆以便看上去更漂亮些。典例 4Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _jokes.(江苏卷)A.turning up B.putting up C.making up D.showing up make full/good/the best use of 充分利用。We must make the best use of the fine weather.我们必须充分利用这好天气。Let s make use of this opportunity to practice our spoken English.让我们好好地利用这个机会来练习英语口语。物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 2.关于 consider（1）作“考虑”讲时，可跟名词/代词/从句或跟连接代词/副词+to do 或跟动名词连用。Have you considered how to get there?你考虑过如何去那里了吗？He considered going to see them in prison.他考虑去监狱探试他们。（2）作“认为，把当作”讲时，consider+宾语+宾补，作宾补的可以是名词/形容词/不定式（不定式完成式）。如：I consider him to be a fool.我把他当作一个傻子看待。（3）注意结构：consider it+n/adj.+to do sth.I consider it necessary to study English.我认为学英语很有必要。（4）consider(as)表示“把（某人或某物）看作”。如：Most people considered him as a hero.多数人把他看成一个英雄。典例 5 Many things_ impossible in the past are common today.A.considering B.to consider C.considered D.being considered 3.关于 keep（1）keep 用作及物动词，表示“使继续处于某种状态”，其后的宾补可以是：现在分词 如：Don t keep your mother waiting.别让你母亲再等。过去分词 如：His clothes seemed to be just pulled on to keep him covered.他的衣服像是刚刚拖起来披盖在自己身上的。副词 如：This helps to keep the cold out.这有助于御寒。介词短语 如：He kept them in the classroom after school.放学后，他让他们呆在教室里。形容词 如：The nurses keep her very clean.护士们将她整理得非常整法。(2)keep 作系动词，意为“保持、继续处于某种状态”。如：keep silent/quiet/cool/fit (3)keep doing 与 keep on doing 表示“决心、毅力、顽强意志力和强调动作的反复”时，多用 keep on doing。如：Don t give up hope,keep on trying.别放弃希望，要不断努力。表示持续状态常用 keep doing。如：We ve kept hoping to go to college.我们一直希望上大学。keep/keep on 一般都不能与表示短暂性动作、心理状态或结果的动词连用。如：常不用 keep(on)standing/sitting/beginning/leaving。物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 典例 6Keep _after meals,then you ll be in good health.A.walking B.sleeping C.standing D.sitting（4）其它搭配 keep back 阻止，落在后面 keepout(of)使在外，不让入内 keep away 不接近，避开 keep from 阻止，抑制，避免于 keep off 让开，不接近 keep up 坚持，继续，保持，（斗争）不低落 keep up with 跟上，赶上，不落后于 keep in touch with 与保持联络 典例 7We read the newspaper every day to _the present affairs.A.keep up B.keep up with C.catch up with D.keep in touch with 4.关于 go（1）go 的过去分词形式 gone 多用作表语，意为“（人）不在了、走了”，“（物）丢了、用完了”，如：The necklace was gone.这条项链丢了。Liu Mei is already gone.刘梅已经走了。比较：He is already gone.(强调无目的)He has gone.(强调有目的、方向)（2）go 有“说的”之意。常用于“the story goes 据说；as the saying goes 正如格言所说”。如：As the saying goes,“Where there is a will,there is a way.”正如格言所说，“有志者，事竟成”。典例 8As a Chinese old saying_,“Good fortune lies within bad,bad fortune lies within good.”A.goes B.say C.is said D.is written（3）go 为终止性动词，不与表示时间段的状语连用。（见时态和语态专题）（4）go to 常与 go to attend 意义相同，多与一些表示活动的名词连用。如：go to college/a meeting/an English party/a concert/a dance/a film/a lecture/a dinner等。（5）注意区别：物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 go on doing sth.继续做同一个动作 go on to do sth.做完一个接着干另一个 go on with sth.同一事件中断后又接着做 He went on speaking of his war experiences.他继续说着他的战争经历。比较 He went on to speak of his war experiences.(=He began speaking of them after he had finished speaking of something else.)他做完了别的之后，又继续说他的战争经历。They went on with their work at the empty loom until late into the night.(6)其它搭配 go to rest/sleep/bed 休息/睡觉 go out for a walk/ride/swim/bath/drive 外出散步/骑车/游泳/洗澡/兜风 go shopping/fishing/shooting/swimming/walking购物/钓鱼/射击/游泳/散步 go about 着手做，从事 go ahead 前进，进行 go all out for sth./to do sth.全力以赴 go in for sth.从事于，酷爱，参加 go over 仔细检查，润色（文稿），复习 go through 经历，经受 go up 上涨 5.关于 agree（1）agree 一般用作不及物动词，因此，其后不能直接带宾语。如其后跟从句，则可作及物动词。可跟不定式，但不跟不定式的复合结构。（2）区别：表示“同意某人的看法”。常说：agree with sb./what sb says。表示“适合、合适”。如：agree with This climate doesn t agree with me.这里的气候不适合我。表示“一致、协调”。如：The verb must agree with its subject in person and number.动词必须与人称和数保持一致。agree to 表示“同意（某人的建议、安排、计划）”。常可说：agree to a plan/an arrange ment/a proposal/a decision.agree on/upon 表示“对取得一致意见”。如：They both agreed on the plan,他们两个都同意这个方案。物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 典例 9 I don t _people smoking all day long.A.agree B.agree to C.agree on D.agree with 热点 2 常见动词近义词辨析 常见动词近义词很多，有必要掌握以下常见词类：1.关于 win,defeat,beat 和 gain(1)win 作“赢”讲时，其宾语常是：war,battle,game,match,argument,a victory,the prize,100 yuan,a race,honor for,the praise,the first place 等，而不能是表示人的名词。(2)beat 及物动词，后面的宾语是“对手”，表示结果。如：beat sb.in 在比赛、战斗、争论中击败某人。beat him at table tennis 在乒乓球赛中击败他(3)defeat sb.在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手。强调暂时行为。如：defeat the enemy in the war 在战争中击败敌人(4)gain 及物动词，表示“获得、赢得所需之物/利益或好处”。如：gain experience/wealth/a reputation/the time/the marks/the rank/the prize/one s respect/success/knowledge/one s living/happiness/a salary/an honor。典例 1Our basketball team_ theirs by a score of 100:98.A.won B.defeat C.beat D.gained 2.关于 fit,suit 和 match(1)fit 作及物动词，表示“适合、配上、合身”。如：This coat fits her nicely.这件外套非常合适。The key doesn t fit the lock,这把钥匙不合这把锁。（2）作形容词，表示“适合、健康”常构成 be fit for。如：He is fit for the job,他适合这份工作。The water is fit to drink.这水适合喝。（3）作不及物动词，表示“吻合、合身”。如：Does the coat fit?这件大衣合身吗？（4）suit 作适合，常强调颜色、款式等适合某人，而 fit 则强调大小合身。如：That color doesn t suit your complexion(肤色)。这颜色不适合你的肤色。（5）match 表示“在（品质、颜色、设计等方面）与相配”。如：Carpets should match the curtains.地毯必须与窗帘区配。物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 典例 2The red tie you bought doesn t _my coat.A.fit B.fit for C.suit D.match 3.关于 cost,spend,take 和 pay(1)从意义上讲，都可表示“花钱”。如：“我花 10 元钱买衬衣”。这一句话可有四种翻译：The shirt cost me ten yuan.I spent ten yuan on the shirt.It took me ten yuan to buy the shirt.I paid ten yuan for the shirt.(2)结构搭配上的不同 spend 的主语只能是人。常用结构：sb.+spend(s)+time/money on sth./in doing sth.cost 的主语只能是指事或物的名词、代词或名词性短语。常用结构：sth.+cost(s)+sb.+time/money take 的主语多为指物的名词。常用结构：It+takes+time/money+to do sth.pay 的主语是人，为买某物而付钱。常用结构：sb.+pay(s)+money+for sth.典例 3 I _the coat in the supermarket for 260yuan.A.cost B.paid C.pent D.bought 4.关于 hurt,wound,injure 和 harm(1)hurt:表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦，强调疼痛感”。如：Many people were hurt when a bus and a truck collided.一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞，许多人受了伤。（2）wound:表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤，特别是在战争中受伤”。如：The soldier was wounded in the arm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。（3）injure:表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。如：There were two people injured in the car accident.有两个人在车祸中受了伤。（4）harm:表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失，其对象可以是自己，也可以是其他人或物”。物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 如：Our dog won t harm you.我们的狗不会伤害你的。Getting up early won t harm you!早起对你没有坏处。典例 4There was an unexpected explosion in our street,but our building wasn t_ at all.A.hurt B.wounded C.harmed D.injured 重点 1 两种常错常考的可作谓语的动词 1.几组拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词 hang hanged hanged(绞死)lay laid laid(放置)hang hung hung(悬挂)lie lied lied(说慌)lie lay lain(平卧)find found found(发现)fall fell fallen(跌倒)found founded founded(建立)fell felled felled(砍伐、击倒)fail failed failed（失败）典例 1 The carpet where he _was warm and comfortable,so he slept soundly.A.was laying B.was lying C.had laid D.了 had lied 2.实为及物动词却常被误为不及物动词 enter(误为 enter into)marry(误为 marry with)reach(误为 reach to)mention(误为 mention about)serve(误为 serve for)address(误为 address to)approach(误为 approach with)salute(误为 salute to)fit(误为 fit for)benefit(误为 benefit to)典例 2She _John to get away from her step-mother.A.married B.married with C.married to D.was married 重点 2 五种基本句型中的动词使用 简单句的五种基本句型，通常与及物动词、不及物动词和系动词密不可分。1.主语+不及物动词 理解不及物动词在此句型中的常用法：（1）一般表达型。此类不及物动词常可与表示距离、持续时间、重量、价值等的副词物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 修饰语连用。如：Boy,can you go any farther?Boy,can you go any farther?伙计，你还走得动吗？The smoke from our fire rose straight up in the still air.我们生的火冒出的烟在无风的空气中袅袅上升。（2）主动形式表示被动含义型。此类常见的动词或短语有：read,sell wash,write,open,draw,wear,happen,take place,break out,last,go out,run out,cost,spread等。如：The tickets to the play sold well。那台戏的戏票很畅销。The accident happened outside my house.这个事故发生在我家房子的外面。典例 1Food and drink are _,but the men are still cheerful and confident.A.running out B.going out C.spreading D.happening 2.主语+及物动词+宾语 理解及物动词在此句型中带宾语的用法：(1)及物动词+名词或代词作宾语。如：He raised his arms above his head.他把手臂举过头顶。Will you be spending your holiday abroad this year?你今年准备到国外去度假吗？(2)及物动词+动名词作宾语。此类及物动词或动词短语有：avoid,mind,miss,suggest,finish,practice,imagine,enjoy,delay,escape,feel like,put off,insist on,give up,can t help,stick to 等。如：I suggested taking a walk.我建议去散步。You must not give up studying.你不该放弃学习。(3)及物动词+不定式作宾语。此类及物动词有：afford,agree,ask,expect,hope,want,wish,manage,pretend,decide,determine,learn,offer,plan,refuse 等。如：I hope to go to college.我希望上大学。The firm could not afford to pay such large salaries.公司无法支付如此巨额的工资。（4）既可接动名词又可接动词不定式的动词（见非谓语动词专题之热点）。3.主语+系动词+表格 系动词在此句型中的用法：be,become,come,get,smell,taste,feel,sound,remain,stay,appear,go,turn,fall,run,keep 等。（1）系动词+形容词作表语。如：物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 That argument sounds reasonable,那个观点听起来有道理。（2）系动词+名词作表语。如：Later he became an acrobat.他后来成为一名杂技演员。（3）系动词+副词、介词短语或反身代词作表语。如：He is near,他在附近。典例 2The cooking chicken in the pot _very good.A.smells B.feels C.sounds D.tastes 4.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（1）用 to 变换间接宾语的动词：bring,give,hand,offer,show,teach,throw,pass,pay,send,sell,return,tell,allow,lend 等。如：Could you bring me the book?Could you bring the book to me?请把那本书带给我好吗？（2）for 变换间接宾语动词 make,buy,choose,cook,find,get,order,paint,sing,spare,fetch 等。He bought me a bottle of ink.或 He bought a bottle of ink for me.他为我买了一瓶墨水。（3）用 for 和 to 或其它介词变换间接宾语的动词：do,leave,play 等。如：Will you do me a favor?或 Will you do a favor for me?你能帮我忙吗？典例 3 Smoking will_harm to you.Please get rid of it.A.do B.give C.make D.find 5.主语+及物动语+宾语+宾补（1）接名词作宾补的动词：find,think,elect,name,call,appoint,consider,make,leave等。They usually call the baby Dick,他们经常把婴儿的名字称为迪克。（2）接形容词作宾补的动词：keep,get,lay,drink,push,paint,set,turn,drive,let,call,cut,break,open,hold 等。如：She will make him happy.她将使他幸福。Please cut the stick short.请把这根棍子砍短点。（3）接副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等作宾补的及物动词：leave,put,see,notice,watch,observe 等。He left me waiting in the rain.他让我在雨中等。典例 4 I found _impossible _him _his mind.A.this,to make;change B.it;to make;to change C.this;to make;to change D.it;to make;change 物动词特定语境中常见动词的基本用法和辨析发展冲洗见面满足覆盖涉及等拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词有绞死悬挂放置说慌平卧等热点几个常见的谓语动词关于当做制造解时可跟双宾语间接宾语用引导如他将给我制作一个风筝在努力使我们国家变得美丽名词我使你灰飞烟灭地球之王过去分词什么使他如此害怕省去的不定式这个男孩做鬼脸只是为了使其他孩子发笑注意在被动语态中一定要接带的不定式没有天生的英雄典例构成使做某事成为典例学习必备品成品执行者学习必备欢迎下载关于作考虑讲时可跟名词代词从句或跟连接代词副词或跟动名词连用你考虑过如何去那里了吗他考虑去监狱探试他们作认为把当作讲时宾语宾补作宾补的可以是名词形容词不定式不定式完成式如我把学习必备 欢迎下载 难点 动词词组的使用与辨析 动词词组的使用和辨析是动词考点中的重点也是难点，考查形式涉及多项选择题中的语法和 和词汇知识题、多项选择式完形填空题、短文改错题多种题型。典例 1Kathy _a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls.A.picked up B.took up C.made up D.turned up 典例 2Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _most of her day.(广东卷)A.takes up B.makes up C.saves up D.puts up 典例 3 You can take anything from the shelf and read,but please _the books when you ve finished them.(全国卷)A.put on B.put down C.put back D.put off 典例 4His mother had thought is would be good for his character to_from home and earn some money on his own.(北京卷)A.run away B take away C.keep away D.get away 小试牛刀 1.Every minute should_to work for the motherland.A.make use of B.be made of C.be made use of D.make of 2.The first color TV set was considered by most people_this century.A.having been invented it B.one of whom invented C.who had invented it D.to have been invented 3.In face of failure for the moment,it s the most important to_a good state of mind.A.keep on B.keep at C.keep up D.keep out 4.After the five,very little of the house _standing.A.remained B.kept C.rested D.left 5.We didn t plan o