同位语从句与定语从句的区别中学教育高考英语_中学教育-高考英语.pdf

同位语从句与定语从句的区别（配练习与答案）一、复习定语从句 1.定义：该句子在复合句中作定语，像形容词一样起修饰作用。2.特点：1)用陈述句语序。2)去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子。3.位置：位于所修饰的名词之后，该名词叫做先行词。4.引导词：1）关系代词：a)在从句中可做主语，宾语，定语。b)分为：先行词为人：who(主，宾)，whom(宾)，whose(定),that（主，宾）先行词为物：which(主，宾),that（主，宾）,whose（定）eg：The lady who is standing behind Tom is my sister.This is the book which I bought yesterday.c)关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略。2）关系副词：a)在从句中作状语。b)分为：when,where,why eg：He came last night when I was out.新内容：1.词类：同从的名词只能是抽象名词;定从可是名词也可是代词 I cant stand the terrible noise that she is crying loudly.His mother did all she could to help him with his study.2.性质：同从对前面的抽象名词进一步解释说明;定从对先行词进行修饰和限制。The news that our team has won the game was true.The news that he told me yesterday was true.3.引导词:a.同为 that 引导：同从中，that 不充当任何成分，不可省;定从中，that 作主，宾。作宾语时可省。b.同为疑问词引导，同从可用 what,whether,how 等，定从不可;同从引导词表疑问，定从不表疑问 I have no idea what has happened to him.I remember the day when he told me that he loved me.一，单选。has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information _ has been put forward.A.what B.that C.when D.as heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)A.it B.which C.this D.that cant stand the terrible noise _ she is crying loudly.A.it B.which C.this D.that 二，指出同位语从句和定语从句，并翻译指定的句子。possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.(同位语从句)（翻译）are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting.(同位语从句)（翻译）came that he had been abroad.(同位语从句)4.The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people 用特点用陈述句语序去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子位置位于所修饰的名词之后该名词叫做先行词引导词关系代词在从句中可做主语宾语定语分为先行词为人主宾宾定主宾先行词为物主宾主宾定关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略抽象名词进一步解释说明定从对先行词进行修饰和限制引导词同为引导同从中不充当任何成分不可省定从中作主宾作宾语时可省同为疑问词引导同从可用等定从不可同从引导词表疑问定从不表疑问一单选二指出同位语从句和定语从省略翻译定语从句定语从句代词作先行词同位语从句补充说明到底是一个什么消息翻译定语从句在从句中作的宾语同位语从句补充说明到底是一个什么诺言定语从句在从句中作的主语翻译析答案为是的内容且不在从句中作成分所以to help the other groups.(定语从句,是名词 order 的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略)（翻译）doctor whom you are looking for is in the room.(定语从句)mother did all she could to help him with his study.(定语从句,代词 all作先行词)news that our team has won the game was true.(同位语从句,补充说明 news到底是一个什么消息)（翻译）news that he told me yesterday was true.(定语从句,news 在从句中作 told 的宾语)made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.(同位语从句,补充说明 promise 到底是一个什么诺言)mother made a promise that pleased all her children.(定语从句,promise在从句中作 pleased 的主语)（翻译）1.析：答案为 B。more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities是 Information的内容，且 Information不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。应将该句区别于：2.析：答案为 B。that has been put forward为 information的修饰性定语，且information在从句中作主语，所以该句为定语从句。3.析：答案为 B。分析语境含义、句子结构和句子成分可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 a terrible noise，且它在从句中作主语。应将该句区别于：4.析：答案为D。she is crying loudly 是the terrible noise 的内容，且the terrible noise 不在从句中作成分，所以该句为同位语从句。用特点用陈述句语序去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子位置位于所修饰的名词之后该名词叫做先行词引导词关系代词在从句中可做主语宾语定语分为先行词为人主宾宾定主宾先行词为物主宾主宾定关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略抽象名词进一步解释说明定从对先行词进行修饰和限制引导词同为引导同从中不充当任何成分不可省定从中作主宾作宾语时可省同为疑问词引导同从可用等定从不可同从引导词表疑问定从不表疑问一单选二指出同位语从句和定语从省略翻译定语从句定语从句代词作先行词同位语从句补充说明到底是一个什么消息翻译定语从句在从句中作的宾语同位语从句补充说明到底是一个什么诺言定语从句在从句中作的主语翻译析答案为是的内容且不在从句中作成分所以 用特点用陈述句语序去掉从句主句仍是一个完整的句子位置位于所修饰的名词之后该名词叫做先行词引导词关系代词在从句中可做主语宾语定语分为先行词为人主宾宾定主宾先行词为物主宾主宾定关系代词在从句中作宾语常常省略抽象名词进一步解释说明定从对先行词进行修饰和限制引导词同为引导同从中不充当任何成分不可省定从中作主宾作宾语时可省同为疑问词引导同从可用等定从不可同从引导词表疑问定从不表疑问一单选二指出同位语从句和定语从省略翻译定语从句定语从句代词作先行词同位语从句补充说明到底是一个什么消息翻译定语从句在从句中作的宾语同位语从句补充说明到底是一个什么诺言定语从句在从句中作的主语翻译析答案为是的内容且不在从句中作成分所以