Unit2Cloning考点基础落实拓展与背诵学案-2023届高三英语一轮复习人教新课标选修八.docx

人教新课标高考复习Book8Unit 2 Cloning考点基础落实拓展与背诵I .词汇与派生联想记忆法1.differ5.不同；相异-differ from/in和不同2.undertake v/.（undertook；undertaken）着手；从事；承担3,cast "（cast； cast）扔；投；掷4.object5.反对；不赞成一object 12sb./sth./doingsb./sth./doing sth.反对某人/事/做某事 5. medium n. （0/.media）媒介;手段；工具 6. obtain vt. 获得；赢得attain近获得；到达（水平、年龄、状况等）7. forbid vZ.（forbade, forbad； forbidden）禁止，不 准一forbid sb. from doing/to do sth,禁止某人去做某事 8. accumulate vt. &历积累；积聚一accumulate a fortune 积累一笔财富9. owe W.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于一owe12把归功于/归因于10. retire历.退休;离开retire from从退休；退出（比赛等）11.strike vt. &vz.（struck, struck）打；撞击；罢工；.罢工一strikes sb. + that从句 某人突然想到，猛地意识到12. resist 抵抗;对抗resiststh./doing sth.抵抗、反对（做）某事 13. breakthrough n.突破break through突破 14. compulsory力.必须做 的；义务的；强制的 构词记忆法1.exact 切.精确的；准确的exactlyadv.2. commercial。切.商业的; 贸易的一commerce商业，贸易3.correction 改正；纠正；修正correct爪.4. moral M道德（上）的；伦理的Tmorally ad也道义上,道德上5.conservative保守的；守旧的conservationn.保护区，管理6. shortly adv.立刻；不久short.短的；近的；缩写的7.assumption 假定；设想assume以假定,假设；认为8. regulation n.规则；规章；法规regulate上调整,调节9.vain。的.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳 的一vainly ad也徒劳地，白费力地10.adore以崇拜；爱慕；喜爱adorable的.可爱的；讨人喜爱的 11.reasonable a4A合情理的；讲道理的；公道的reasonn.原因，理由；川.推理，推断 短语与拓展1.pay off得到好结果;取得成功；偿清"pay for付的钱2.cast down沮丧;不愉快3.infavour of赞成;支持一be for/against赞 成,支持/反对4 . be bound to do一定/注定做5. strike.into one's heart 使刻骨铭心 6. from time to time 不时；偶尔 7. bring back to life 使复生，使复活8.mvain白费力气；枉费心机9.mgood/poor condition状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏） 重点单词1.differ v.不同；相异d必不同d力".不同的differ from不同于；和不同；和意见不一致differ in在方面意见不同differ with sb.与某人意见不同make a/no difference起/不起作用；产生/不产生影响be different from与不同2. undertake vt.承担，担任；着手做，开始进行，从事 undertake+机/psi.承担undertake+to do sth.着手做某事，答应做某事undertake+that保证3.strike vt.打击；（用爪）抓伤；（疾病）侵袭；（钟）敲响报（时）；划（火柴）；盖（章）；给以印象;使突然想 起；n.罢工striking 力.显着的;引人注目的be struck with/by为所袭击/所感动It strikes me that我觉 得；我的印象是（2）be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工4. objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议 have an objection to . 反对raise/voice an objection 提出异议 object v.反对，不赞成n.物体;目标object to sb./sth.不赞成某人/某事object to doing sth.反对做某事object that. 反对No one objected to the plan.没有人反对这项计划。We object to being treated like this. I really object tobeing charged for parking.我非常反对收停车费。6. forbid vt.禁止，不准 forbid doing sth.禁止做某事 forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事 be forbidden to do sth. 被禁止做某事forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事It，s forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的forbid that.(should) do.禁止8. resistv.抵抗；反抗;$0 resistance n.反抗；抵制resistant时对有抵抗力的；抵抗的resist (doing) sth.抵制(做)某事 resist (the) temptation 抵抗诱惑 be resistant to对抵制 can't resist doing sth.忍不 住做某事can*t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事；忍不住做某事cant help but do sth. =can,t but do sth.情不 自禁做某事；不得不做某事重点短语1.pay off还清；有HI报；得到好结果；获得成功pay for付的钱；为而付出代价pay back 偿付报答；向报复pay up付清，还清,pay a visitto访问9. cast down沮丧；不愉快;毁掉cast away (船遇难后幸存者)漂流到某处;丢掉；浪费cast light on/upon 弄清楚cast doubt on使怀疑cast shadow over在上投下阴影cast off放弃；丢弃cast out赶走Don't be so cast down.Just keep up your spirits.10. owe sb.sth.=owe sth.to sb.欠某人owe以欠(债、情等);归因于，归功于 owe sb.sth. for.owe sth.tosb. owe success/one's life to 把成功/生命归功于owe thanks to sb.应感激某人 owe sb.anapology/explanation该给某人道歉/解owe it to sb.to do sth.(为了感谢某人)应该做，有义务做owe it to sb.that 从句要归功于某人 owing to由于;因为 He helped you a lot.You owe 五to him to invite him to dinner.他帮了你很多忙，你该请他吃顿饭。11. in favour of 赞成;支持；有利于；主张 in sb.'s favour 对某人有利 do sb. a favour /do a favour for sb.帮某 人忙 do sb. the favour to do sth./do sb. a favour by doing sth.帮助某人做某事 favour vt.赞同；支持，表示“支 持，赞同某人/某事" be for sb./sth.; stand on one's side等。be against sb./sth.表示“不支持不赞同某人/某事”。12. be in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)out of condition 状况欠佳 working/living/studying conditions工作/生活/学习环境on condition (that) 在条件下；倘若on no condition 一点也不；决不in excellent condition处于极佳的状况111. 句式与运用 1. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated, while 作并列连词 用，意思为“然而”，表示前后意义上的对比或转折。112. e fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. (Pl 1)(多莉)看起来能正常生长这一事实 令人振奋。同位语从句常出现在少数抽象名词(如fact, news, idea, hope, wish, promise, truth, reason, suggestion, thought, question, doubt, conclusion, belief, order, words,possibility 等)之后， 说明该名词的具体内 容。News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A. which B. what C.that D. where113. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。1) The thought that Lao Li would open a restaurant in New York surprised his wife.常见的使用全部倒装结构的情况： there be / lie / stand / live等结构中。如：There goes the car.表示地点、方向、时间的副词(如here, there, in, out, up, round, down, away, now, then 等)位于句首,且谓语常用不及物动词(如 go, come, leave, 02/4move, run, rush, jump等）时。如：Down jumped the man from the tree.注意：如果主语是人称代词，主语和谓 语的语序不变。如：Away they went.表示方位的介词短语置于句首时，句子需全部倒装。如：In front of the house sat an old man. Outside the entrance stood two police officers with guns.114. Dolly death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries.多莉的死亡,就像她的出生一样，必定会引起人 们的恐慌。be bound to do sth.一定做某事；有责任或义务做某事。仿写他注定会成功的。He is bound to succeed115. Others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to their children.其它动物会生存下来并将抵 抗疾病的能力传给下一代。pass on. to.将传给；pass down使世代相传，流传（一般用于被动 语态）pass away去世pass sb. / by忽视,不注意pass through经过，经历pass as / for （错误地）被看作116. Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.群中的多样性指的是拥 有基因排列方式不同的动物。仿写小偷被带进来，双手绑在身后。The thief was brought in w汕his hands tied behind117. The great drawback to cloning a group of animals is that they would all have the same arrangement of genes and so might die of the same illness.经过克隆的动物群体的最大缺点是：它们的基因排列有可能完全相同， 因而它们有可能会死于同一种疾病。118. Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解 决呢？注意：错综条件句 If mother had told me the truth when I was young, I would not make such mistakes so often now.省略 if 的条件句 If he should come, tell him to ring me up. = Should he come, tell him to ring me up. but for 可用 but that 代替。But for your help, I would have failed then.= But that you helped me, I would have failed then.119. is is because the cloning of mammals is still a new science and its story only began seriously in the 1950s.这 是因为克隆哺乳动物仍然还是一门新的科学，它是从20世纪50年代才开始进行认真研究IV.经典课文原句 1 . The advan又ge is that（其优点是）if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.2. Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.3. Besides that, there is also afierce debate over the_question whether_human_cloning_experiments_should_ be_al lowed4. It would bc unfair（不公平）to clone any extinct animals ifLthey weri toive in a zoo（如果它们生活在动 物园里）.IV.单元知识活用翻译句子1.这次我没能通过考试使我很沮丧。（castdown）2.事实上，考前我做了充分准 备。（as a matter of fact） 3.考试期间，我非常谨慎地做题。（be cautious about）4.我应该平静下来，我家人 都赞同这一点。（in favor of）5.他们告诉我如果我继续努力学习，我的付出会有回报的。（be bound连句 成篇用适当的关联词或句将上述句子连接成文It cast me down that I didn't pass the exam this time.As a matter of fact, I made full preparations before the exam and was cautious about my answers.I didn't know why I did so badly.I should calm down and my family were all in favor of it.They told me that if I went on studying hard, my effort would be bound to pay off.Now Ihave recovered from the failure.VIL书面表达（满分25分）.假定你是班长李华，世界动物日（World Animal Day, 10月4日）即将来临，现在请你结合以下要点用英语 写一则倡议书来号召你班同学保护动物。1.禁止滥杀动物；2.保护动物的生活环境；3.使每个人都认识 到保护动物的重要性。注意：L可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；2.词数100左右；3.文章首句已给出， 不计入总词数；4.参考词汇：滥杀 kill at randomo Dear classmates,As we know, some animals are dying out for various reasons. There is no doubt that animals are our friends. With World Animal Day coming near, what should we do to protect animals?First of all, we should forbid people's killing animals at random. Second, we should do all we can to protect animals, living environment. With their living environment destroyed, the animals will become extinct sooner or later. Third, we should try our best to make everyone realize the importance of protecting animals. In a way, protecting animals means protecting ourselves.Dear classmates, let's start now and make every effort to protect animals-our good friends!