河南省信阳市高级中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题.docx

信阳高中2025届高一上学期期末考试英语试题（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项:1 .答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2 .选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上相应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3 .非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What did the man do last weekend?A. He went shopping. B. He watched a movie. C. He read books at home.2. Where is the man's watch?A. In the kitchen. B. In the bathroom. C. In the bedroom.3. What does the man's brother look like?A. He wears dark hair. B. He has blonde eyes. C. He wears glasses.4. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Help paint her bedroom. B. Look after her brother. C. Examine her brother's ann.5. Why did the man fail to answer the phone?A. The TV was too noisy. B. His phone was broken. C. He went to sleep early.第二节（共15小题;每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。A. Scientists Work out a New Kind of WaterB. Plastic Bottles Will Be Replaced by the Ooho BubbleC. Environmental Pollution is Expected to Be SolvedD. The Ooho Bubble Aims to Remove Plastic Bottles【答案】12.C13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新型饮用水Ooh。bubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前 所做的准备等情况。【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 “It is a well-known fact that plastic bottles, which take hundreds of years to rot, are harmful to our environment.（众所周知，塑料瓶要几百年才能腐烂，对我们的环境有害。）”以及“The U.S. alone uses over 50 million plastic bottles annually, 80% of which end up in landfills.（仅美国每年就使用超过 5000 万个塑料瓶，其中80%最终被扔进了垃圾填埋场。）”可知，Ooh。bubble被研发出来的目的是为了结局塑 料造成的污染问题。故选C。【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中"However, there are a few challenges that still need to be overcome before the product's launch.（然而，在产品发布之前还有一些挑战需要克服。）”可知，Ooho bubble研发者在接下来会 解决产品存在的具体问题。故选A。【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后段中“Hopefully, the inventors will find ways to handle the issues so that we can reduce, or perhaps even remove, plastic bottles.（希望发明者能找到解决问题的方法，这样我们就能减少，甚至 移除塑料瓶。）”可知，作者对Ooh。bubble投放市场是充满信心的。故选C。【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了新型饮用水Ooh。bubble的产生背景、研发过程以及投放市场前 所做的准备等情况。同时文章也指出，研发这种饮用水的目的是为了解决塑料水瓶带来的污染问题。故D 选项“The Ooho Bubble Aims to Remove Plastic Bottles（ "Ooho泡泡”旨在去除塑料瓶）”能够概括文章大意。故选D。第二节（共5小题:每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Lightning or a bolt of lightning is what we all call the bright flashes of light that come out of the clouds during a thunderstorm. 6Three thousand years ago, the Greeks thought that lightning bolts came from an angry god. 7 Since then, scientists have learned that lightning is a discharge （释放）of static electricity （静电）hat forms when the water droplets making up the clouds rub together. The static charge tries to get to the ground or into another, and that is when we see lightning.Typically, lightning travels from cloud to ground or cloud to cloud. The lightning you see during a summer thunderstorm is called cloud-to-ground. 8 That is indeed too fast for the human eye to see its path.19 Skyscrapers and things that are tall may be hit many times during a single storm, and staying under a tall tree can be very dangerous. During a thunderstorm, you can find some safety in a car made from metal. Lying flat on the ground in an open area is another option that provides you with some safety.Lightning bolts cause the greatest threat to life and property （财产）.20 In America, about 100people are killed by lightning each year. It is true that your chance of being struck by lightning is very low, but you should still be careful because lightning is very dangerous.A. It is usually accompanied by thunder.B. Lightning often strikes in the same place.C. They are more dangerous than commonly thought.D. Lightning starts inside a thunderstorm and travels through the cloud.E. There are two ways that flashes can strike ground: downward and upward.F. In 1752, Benjamin Franklin proved that lightning was made up of electricity.G. It travels from a storm cloud to the ground at a rate of 200,000 miles per hour.【答案】16.A17. F 18.G19. B 20. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是闪电及闪电对人们的生命和财产造成的威胁。【16题详解】根据上文 u Lightning or a bolt of lightning is what we all call the bright flashes of light that come out of the clouds during a thunderstorm.（闪电或一道闪电是我们对雷雨期间从云层中发出的明亮的闪光的称呼。）”可知，上 文介绍了什么是闪电，A项意为“它通常伴随着雷声。，选项承接上文，继续介绍闪电，且选项中的“It”代指上文的“Lightning”，即闪电通常伴随着雷声。故选A。【17题详解】根据上文 u Three thousand years ago, the Greeks thought that lightning bolts came from an angry god.（三千年 前，希腊人认为闪电来自愤怒的上帝。）”可知，上文介绍了古时候人们对闪电的由来的猜测，F项意为“1752年，本杰明富兰克林证明了闪电是由电构成的。”，选项能够承接上文，介绍了现代科学家对闪 电由来的科学说明。故选F。【18题详解】根据上文 “The lightning you see during a summer thunderstorm is called cloud-to-ground.（在夏季雷雨期间, 你所看到的闪电被称为“云对地”。）”可知，上文介绍了夏季雷雨期间的“云对地”闪电，G项意为“它 以每小时200000英里的速度从风暴云中移动到地面。”，选项能够承接上文，介绍了 “云对地”的速 度，选项中的 ufrom a storm cloud to the groundv和上文的 “cloud-to-ground” 相呼应。故选 G。【19题详解】 根据下文 u Skyscrapers and things that are tall may be hit many times during a single storm, and staying under a tall tree can be very dangerous.（摩天大楼和高大的东西在一场风暴中可能会被多次击中，并且待在一棵大树 下可能非常危险。）”可知，下文介绍了哪些地方是容易被闪电击中的地方，B项意为“闪电经常击中同一 个地方。，选项能够引起下文，下文介绍的正是容易被闪电击中的地方。故选B。【20题详解】 根据上文 uLightning bolts cause the greatest threat to life and property （财产）.（闪电对生命和财产造成最大的 威胁。）”可知，本段介绍的是闪电会对生命和财产造成极大威胁，C项意为“它们比人们通常认为的更危 险。，选项能够承接上文，进一步描述闪电对生命和财产造成的威胁的严重性，且下文“In America, about 100 people are killed by lightning each year.（在美国，每年大约有100人死于闪电。）”正是对威胁严重性的举例。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I'm a professor teaching people how to think more creatively. 21, this lifetime passion was awakenedby a casual contest when I was a child.At a family picnic, children used to have the handkcrchiefthrowing contest, which I realize now, was not meant to show any real 22， but simply for laughs. But it stirred my love of thinking outside the 23.The host gave each child a cloth handkerchief and told us the winner would be the one who threw it the farthest. The first little throwers 24 mighty strength, but the cloth opened and fell to the ground. So when one kid after another threw harder when the handkerchief always opened, it 25 me. The secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from 26! Suppose I hid a rock in the cloth without tying it. The rockwould 27 the cloth at least farther than the others, and when they separated, people might not notice a small rock 28 in the grass. I had a good chance of 29 with it, but I didn't want to win by cheating. I had tomake the handkerchief fly like a rock. I began tying the handkerchief around itself to make it 30. When Iapproached the3as the final contestant, people were already laughing. I took a long wind-up, and theballed handkerchief rocketed off maybe 60 feet away. The laughing 32 suddenly. The host stared at me and then ran to33if I'd cheated the crowd. "It's just the handkerchief. he declared. The adultsapplauded and I felt 34.This is how I learned the secret to creative thinking. I wanted to continue looking 35 what thingsseemed to be.21. A. IncreasinglyB. UnfortunatelyC. InterestinglyD. Normally22. A. skillsB. suggestionsC. disadvantagesD. signals23. A. picnicB. crowdC. groundD. box24. A. broke upB. set upC. used upD. took up25. A. scaredB.annoyedC. distractedD. delighted26. A. openingB. flyingC. disappearingD. floating27. A. adjustB. desertC. encounterD. drive28. A. growingB. landingC. shootingD. roaring29. A. getting awayB. fading awayC. doing awayD. running away30. A. roundB. heavyC.bigD. cute31. A. lineB. rockC. winnerD. punishment32. A. eruptedB. followedC. grewD. died33. A. suspectB. predictC. examineD. remind34. A. ashamedB. stressedC. cautiousD. proud35. A. aroundB. beyondC. besideD. above【答案】2LC 22.A23. D 24. C25. B 26. A 27. D28. B 29. A 30. A 31.A 32. D 33. C34. D 35. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者通过在小时候的投手帕比赛中感悟到如何进行创造性思考。21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，这种一生的激情是在我小时候的一次随意比赛中唤醒的。A. Increasingly 越来越；B. Unfortunately不幸的是；C.Interestingly有趣的是；D.Normally正常。根据下文中的.this lifetime passion was awakened by a casual contest when I was a child.” 可知，一生的激情是在我小时候一次随意的比 赛中唤醒，这是很有趣的事情。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次家庭野餐中，孩子们曾经参加过投掷手帕比赛，我现在意识到，这不是为 了展示任何真正的技能，而只是为了笑。A. skills技能；B. suggestions建议；C.disadvantages缺点；D. signals 信号。根据上文中的 . .1 realize now, was not meant to show any.以及下文中的.but simply for laughs” 可知，投掷手帕比赛只是为了开怀一笑，不是为了展示技能。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但它激起了我对跳出常规思考的热爱。A. picnic野餐；B. crowd人群；C. ground 地面；D.box盒子，框架。结合语境可知，此处指的是“跳出框架”思考问题，think outside the box意为“创 造性思维”。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第一个小投掷者使尽了巨大的力量，但手帕打开并掉在了地上。A. broke up 分手,解散；B. set up建立；C.used up用完;D. took up占据,从事。根据下文中的“The secret was not to throw harder."可知，此处指的是使劲投掷手帕。故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当一个又一个的孩子在手帕打开时更用力地投掷时，我很恼火。A. scared 害怕的；B. annoyed生气的；C. distracted分心的；D. delighted高兴的。根据上文中的“when one kid after another threw harder when the handkerchief always opened,”可知，作者看到其他选手的做法感到很生气。 故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：秘诀不是扔得更用力，而是防止手帕打开！ A. opening打开；B.flying飞行；C. disappearing 消失；D. floating 漂浮。根据上文中的 “.but the cloth opened and fell to the ground.” 以及空前 的 uThe secret was not to throw harder but to keep the cloth from.v可知，此处应该是阻止手帕打开。故选 A 项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小石头至少会把手帕推得比其他人的更远，当他们分开时，人们可能不会注意到 一块小石头落在草丛中。A. adjust调整;B. desert抛弃;C.encounter遭遇;D.drive驱使。结合投掷手帕比 赛的要求并根据下文中的“the cloth at least farther than the others,”可知,此处意为“使得手帕更远一 些"，drive意为 些区使”符合语境。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小石头至少会把手帕推得比其他人的更远，当他们分开时，人们可能不会注意到 一块小石头落在草丛中。A. growing生长;B.landing着陆；C.shooting射击；D. roaring咆哮。根据下文中 的“in the grass”可知，此处指的是小石头落到草地上。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我有很大的机会侥幸逃脱，但我不想通过作弊获胜。A. getting away脱离； B. fading away 消失；C. doing away 离去；D. running away 逃跑。根据上文中的“people might not notice a small rock 8 in the grass.”可知，此处指的是没人注意的情况下，作者会侥幸逃脱，getaway with意为“侥幸脱逃”符合句意。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：我开始把手帕绑在上面，让它变小。A.round圆形；B.heavy重的；C.big 大的；D. cute 可爱的。根据上文中的 “I had to make the handkerchief fly like a rock. I began tying the handkerchief around itself to make it."可知，作者这样做的目的是把手帕团成圆形的以便于在投掷时飞行的更远些。故 选A项。31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我作为最后的参赛者走近投掷线时，人们已经笑了。A. line线；B. rock小石 头；C winner获胜者；D. punishment处罚。根据上下文语境和常识可知，投掷手帕比赛要有一条投掷线才 能测量谁投的更远，所以作者是接近投掷线开始比赛。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：笑声突然大了起来。A. erupted爆发;B. followed跟随；C. grew成长；D. died死 亡；消失。根据上文中的 “ When I approached the 11 as the final contestant, people were already laughing. 可知，在没有进行比赛的时候，人们就不看好作者，所以开始大笑起来，根据空前描述“I took a long windup, and the balled handkerchief rocketed off maybe 60 feet away. ” 和下文中的 “The host stared at me.”可知, 作者的投掷结果令大家目瞪口呆，所以笑声消失了。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：主持人盯着我，然后跑去检查我是否欺骗了大家。A.suspect怀疑；B.predict预 测；C.examine 检查；D. remind 提醒，使想起。结合语境以及下文中的 “"It's just the handkerchief,“ he declared.” 可知，主持人是去检查我是否作弊。故选C项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大人们鼓起了掌，我感到很自豪。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. stressed有压力的； C.cautious谨慎的；D. proud骄傲的,自豪的。根据上文中的“The adults applauded”以及上下文语境可 知，作者对自己的表现感到自豪。故选D项。【35题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：我想继续超越事物的表面看待问题。A. around在周围；B.beyond超越；C.beside 在旁边；D. above 在上面。根据首段中的“1, this lifetime passion was awakened by acasual contest when I was a child. " 以及第二段中的 “But it stirred my love of thinking outside the 3 J可知，此处指的是作者超出事物表面，突破常规，创造性地思考问题。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The FIFA World Cup 2022 kicks off on Sunday with a ceremony at the Al Bayt Stadium in the city of Al Khor, 50 kilometres outside of Qatar 9s capital Doha.Enner Valencia scored two first-half goals as Ecuador beat hosts Qatar 2-0 in the opening match. It's the first time that a host team 36 (lose) the opening game of the World Cup.Even 37 a home team to cheer for, Chinese fans and enterprises remain enthusiastic about the Qatar World Cup. Support from China has also come in 38 more concrete way, with most of the tournament's stadiums, its 39 (accommodate) facilities and its official transportation system 40 (feature) contributions from Chinese builders and providers. For example, the 80, 000-seat Lusail Stadium, 41 is scheduled to host the eye-catching final game, was designed and built by China Railway International Group with advanced energy-saving 42 (technology) and sustainable materials. Besides, Doha's first ever Panda House 43( official) opened to the public on Thursday. 44 (locate) at Al Khor Park near the Al BaytStadium, the Panda House is home to Chinese giant pandas, three-year-old female Si Hai and fbur-year-old male Jing Jing. And according to a list released by FIFA, Chinese referee Ma Ning and two 45 (assist) referees, Cao Yi and Shi Xiang, have been appointed to judge at the 2022 FIFA World Cup.【答案】36. has lost 37. without 38. a 39. accommodation 40. featuring 41. which 42. technologies 43. officially 44. Located 45. assistant【解析】【导语本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是2022年世界杯在卡塔尔成功举办，虽然中国队没能入围世界杯，但 是这届世界杯“含中量”依然满满。36题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：这是第一次东道主在世界杯揭幕战上输球。分析句子可知，此处应填谓语动词，根据 “it is+the+序数词+time+that+主语+谓语+”结构中，从句中的谓语动词应使用现在完成时态可知，此处应使用现在完成时态，且从句主语为第三人称单数，与谓语之间为主动关系。故填has lost。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：即使没有主队可以为之欢呼，中国球迷和企业仍然对卡塔尔世界杯充满热情。分析句子 可知，此空位于名词短语之前作状语，所以此处应填介词，结合语境可知，此处的home team指的是中国 队，所以此处表示“没有”的意思。为故填without。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：来自中国的支持也以更具体的方式出现，大多数赛事的体育场馆、官方交通系统和住宿 设施都得到了中国建筑商和供应商的赞助。分析句子可知，此空后面为可数名词单数way,可数名词单数 前应有限定词，所以此处应填冠词，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，且空后more首字母为辅音。故填a。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：来自中国的支持也以更具体的方式出现，大多数赛事的体育场馆、住宿设施和官方交通 系统都得到了中国建筑商和供应商的赞助。分析句子可知，此处应填名词作定语，强调设施的属性与特 征，accommodate 的名词为 accommodation,且作定语。故填 accommodation。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：来自中国的支持也以更具体的方式出现，大多数赛事的体育场馆、官方交通系统 和住宿设施都得到了中国建筑商和供应商的赞助。分析句子可知，此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，非谓 语动词作宾补，feature与前面宾语之间为主动关系，表示当前的状态，所以使用现在分词。故填 featuring o【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：有8万个座位的卢塞尔体育场是由中国铁建国际集团承建的，采用先进的节能技术 和可持续材料，全球瞩目的卡塔尔世界杯足球决赛将在这里举行。分析句子可知，此处应填连词引导非限 制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，指的是Lusail Stadiumo故填whicho【42题详解】考查名词。句意：有8万个座位的卢塞尔体育场是由中国铁建国际集团承建的，采用先进的节能技术和可 持续材料，全球瞩目的卡塔尔世界杯足球决赛将在这里举行。分析句子可知，此空位于形容词之后，且与 空后的materials并列，所以应填名词，technology为可数名词，空前无限定词，与materials并歹U,再结合 句意可知，此处应填名词复数。故填technologies。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，多哈的第一家熊猫馆于周四正式向公众开放。分析句子可知，此处应填副词作状 语修饰 openedo 故填 officially。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：熊猫屋位于AlBayt体育场附近的AlKhor公园，是中国大熊猫，三岁雌性四海和 四岁雄性晶晶的家园。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，locate与逻辑主语the Panda House之 间为被动关系且表示已经发生，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填Located。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：根据国际足联发布的名单，中国裁判马宁和两名助理裁判曹奕和石翔被任命为2022年 FIFA世界杯的裁判。分析句子可知，此处应为名词作定语，说明referees的性质或特点，使用单数。故填 assistant o第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你的交换生好友Alice最近沉迷于抖音（TikTok）,你非常担心她。请给她写一封邮件。内容包括：1 .阐述玩抖音的危害；2 .提出建议和解决办法。注意：1 .词数100左右；2,开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Alice,I am worried to know that you should be so addicted to TikTok these days.Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Alice,I am worried to know that you should be so addicted to TikTok these days. Playing with TikTok too much is bad for your health. Besides, if you spend so much time