高三下学期开学考英语试题2.docx

襄州一中2023届高三1月开学考试题英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What will the speakers do next?A. Visit a friend. B. Pick up Billy. C. Buy some beans.2. What does Andy Clarkes do?A. A public librarian. B. A TV actor. C. A famous lawyer.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Gifts fbr Jason. B. A baseball game. C. The woman's retirement.4. What went on at Cooper's last night?A. A movie show. B. A birthday party. C. A sales promotion.5. What problem do the speakers have?A. They are late for work. B. They are stuck in a traffic jam.C. They are lost on the way.第二节（共15小题;每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项选 出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，各 小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where does the conversation take place?A. At home. B. At the office. C. At the airport.7. How does the woman sound?A. Anxious. B. Surprised. C. Grateful.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Why did the woman choose to be a teacher as a profession?A. Because of the pressure from her family. B.Because of the passion for the work.ane also looking into other applications for the upcycling method.12. What can the method help do according to paragraph 1?A. Solve financial crisis.B. Change waste into wealth.C. Control plastic productionD. Determine 3D printing skills13. What does Yu-Chung Chang think of the method?A. PromisingB. UnrealisticC. ImaginableD. Common14. Which of the following is a feature of number 7 plastics?A. Invaluable to recycleB. Easy to deal withC. Hard to break downD. Difficult to sort out.15. What is the text mainly about?A. Applications for an upcycling method.B. A better method to break down plasticC. 3D printing with newly found materialsD. A new way to turn plastic into valuable products.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了华盛顿州立大学的一组研究人员开发了一种简单而有效的方法，将塑料垃圾中的聚乳酸（PLA）转化为高质量的树脂从而转化为用于3D打印的树脂。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “ A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin （树脂）used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste（一种将常见的丢弃塑料转化为用于3D打印的树脂的方 法可以更好地利用塑料垃圾）”可知，该方法可以将平时丢弃的塑料垃圾转化为3D打印的树脂，即化废物 为财富。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “We made stronger materials just straight out of trash. We believe this could be a great opportunity.（我们直接用垃圾做了更坚固的材料。我们相信这将是一个很好的机会。）”可知，Yu-Chung Chang 认为这种方法是有前途的。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 u Although it's bio-based, PLA, which is categorized as a number 7 plastic, doesn'tbread down easily. It can float in fresh or salt water for a year without degrading （降解）.It is also rarely recycled because like many plastics, when ifs melted down and re-fbrmed, it doesn't perform as well as the original version and becomes less valuable.（PLA虽然是生物基的，但被归类为7号塑料，不容易被腐蚀。它可以在淡水或盐 水中漂浮一年而不降解。它也很少被回收，因为像许多塑料一样，当它被熔化和重新成型时、它的性能不 如最初的版本，变得不那么有价值。）”可知，7号塑料很难被降解。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A method to transform a commonly thrown-away plastic to a resin （树脂）used in 3D printing could allow making better use of plastic waste（一种将常见 丢弃塑料转化为用于3D打印的树脂的方 法可以更好地利用塑料垃圾）”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述了华盛顿州立大学的一组研究人员开发了一种 简单而有效的方法，将塑料垃圾中的聚乳酸（PLA）转化为高质量从而转化为用于3D打印的树脂，因此文章 主要是关于“一种将塑料转化为有价值产品的新方法”，故选D。第二节（共5小题;每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout. 16 Many experts say there's no easy answer because it depends on the person.If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with power. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights. 17 Muscle preservation is also an essential component of strengthening your body. Nitrogen （氮）is critical for processing protein that builds healthy muscles. People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one.Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat.18 It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose （葡萄糖）levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may even be more likely to overeat.19 Not all foods are created equal. For example, if you choose a fed workout, you'll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider drinking some beforehand. With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is complete. Drink some water. Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack.Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. 20A. However, a fasted workout might not work for you.B. How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity.C. These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.D. To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts9 minds.E. Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.F. Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat.G. A person doing a 30-minute session a day may not have a problem with fasted workouts.【答案】16.D17. C 18.A19. F 20. E【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了进食锻炼和快速锻炼的优缺点，告诉人们在做出选择之前，彻底地 考虑并与自己的健身教练讨论。【16题详解】根据上文“ Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout.（有些人喜欢在去健身房之前先吃点东 西，这被称为“进食锻炼"（fedworkout）。另一些人则喜欢等到运动结束后再给身体补充能量，这被称为快 速锻炼。）”和下文 “Many experts say there's n。easy answer because it depends on the person.（许多专家说这个 问题没有简单的答案，因为这取决于个人。）”可知，空处提出关于“锻炼前吃或者不吃这个问题”。D项中 地“ the question ”和下文的“answer”对应。D 项：To eat or not to eat, that is the question on many fitness enthusiasts5 minds.（吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心中的问题。）符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据上文 uEating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.（运动前吃点东西 可以帮助你坚持更长时间，举起更重的重量。）”可知，此处说明了运动前吃东西的好处，与C项的“These benefits v对应。C 项：These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body.（这些好处可以 燃烧更多的脂肪，塑造更苗条的身材。）符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据上文 u Experts for fasted workouts further claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat.（研究快速运动的专家进一步声称，在快速运动之后吃东西会让你的身 体把储存的脂肪用作能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪。）”和下文uIt can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy.（它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。）”可知，上文提到快速运动的好处，下文提到快速运动的危害，上下文之间形成转折关系。A项：However, a fasted workout might not work for you.（然而，快速锻炼可能并不适合你。）符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文“Not all foods are created equal.（并不是所有的食物都生而一样。）”可知，空处提到锻炼应该吃什 么很重要 o F 项：Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat.（知道理想 的锻炼应该吃什么和知道什么时候吃一样重要。）符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文 uDeciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice. Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings.（决定何时进食进行理想的锻炼是个人的选择。快速锻炼和进食锻炼都有 各自的优点和缺点。）”可知，本段讨论的是如何做出决定的问题，E项中的“before taking a choice.”与主 旨对应。E 项：Think thoroughly and discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.（在做出选择之前， 彻底地考虑并与你的健身教练讨论。）符合语境。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In 1968,1 was a student at the High School in Beirut. When the time came to21tenth grade, I was sent home for not paying the schooling fee. This was a heartbreaking 22 as I loved being in school and 23 wanted to continue my education.I went home and spent the day 24 my father at his tire-repair shop. Three days later, one of my classmates came over and 25 me that my fee was fully paid. I returned to my classroom, but I kept 26 who had givenme this golden opportunity. Upon my constant 27. the headmaster told me that the secret 28 was myEnglish teacher, Olivia Balian. The whole year I sat in Ms. Balian's class, thinking about her 29 action but unable to express my thanks. A year later, I moved to the U.K and eventually 30 two master's degrees.I never forgot the 31 and generosity of Ms. Balian. Almost 40 years later, I returned to Beirut for the first time to 32$4.5 million to all 28 high schools in Lebanon, among which was my former high school.While in Lebanon, I visited Ms. Balian. She was as 33 to see me as I was to see her. Without her 34 assistance. I probably would have spent the rest of my life 35 tires at my father's shop inBeirut.21. A. miss out22. A. sacrifice23. A. desperatelyB. register forB. exampleB. frequentlyC. give upC. adventureC. impatientlyD. work outD. experienceD. widely24. A. instructingB. favoringC. assistingD. comforting25. A. informedB. convincedC. remindedD. warned26. A. imaginingB. observingC. rememberingD. wondering27. A. suggestionsB. requestsC. remarksD. comments28. A. rescuerB. delivererC. supporterD. follower29. A. generousB. politeC. temporaryD. careful30. A. developedB. requiredC. discoveredD. obtained31. A. trustB. kindnessC. devotionD. courage32. A. earnB. showC. donateD.save33. A. thrilledB. scaredC. ashamedD. amused34. A. technicalB. legalC. conditionalD. timely35. A. inventingB. repairingC. controllingD. designing【答案】2LB 22. D23. A 24. C25. A 26. D 27. B28. C 29. A 30. DB 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学的时候得到英语老师善意的帮助，成功后不忘回报并继 续传递爱心的故事。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：到了十年级报名的时候，我因为没交学费被送回家了。A. miss out遗漏；B. register for注册报名；C.give up放弃；D. work out解决。根据下文“tenth grade”和常识可知,应该是注册报名, 故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一次令人心碎的经历，因为我喜欢上学，非常想继续我的教育。A. sacrifice 牺牲；B. example 例子；C. adventure 冒险；D. experience 经历。根据上文“I was sent home for not paying the schooling fee”可知，应该是一次令人心碎的经历，故选D。【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析 句意：同上。A. desperately非常；B. frequently频繁地；C. impatiently不耐烦地；D. widely普遍地。根据上文“I loved being in school”可知,作者非常想继续教育,故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我回到家，在父亲的轮胎修理店帮忙。A. instructing指导；B. favoring更喜爱;C.assisting帮助；D. comforting安慰。根据下文amy father at his tire-repair shop v可知，作者没有学费上学， 所以去父亲的轮胎修理店帮忙。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三天后，我的一个同学过来告诉我，我的学费已经交完了。A. informed告知I；B. convinced 使信服；C. reminded 提醒；D. warned 警告。根据下文 “that my fee was fully paid” 可知，作者 的同学告诉他学费交完了，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我回到教室，但我一直在想是谁给了我这个千载难逢的机会。A. imagining想象; B. observing观察；C.remembering记住；D.wondering想知道。根据上文可知，作者没有学费上学，后来同 学告诉作者学费交完了，所以作者应该一直想知道是谁帮助了他，故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我不断的要求下，校长告诉我，这位秘密支持者是我的英语老师奥利维亚巴 里安。A. suggestions 建议;B. requests 要求;C. remarks 观察;D. comments 评论。根据上文“but I kept6 whohad given me this golden opportunity”可知，作者一直想知道，所以不断的要求校长告诉他是谁帮助了他， 故选Bo【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. rescuer救助者；B.deliverer递送人；C.supporter支持者；D. follower 跟随者。 根据上文 “Three days later, one of my classmates came over and 5 me that my fee was fully paid. ” 可知，此处指那个帮作者交学费的人，也就是支持者，故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整整一年，我坐在巴里安老师的课堂上，想着她慷慨的行为，却无法表达我 的感激之情。A. generous慷慨的；B. polite礼貌的；C.temporary临时的；D.careful仔细的。根据上文“Upon my constant 7, the headmaster told me that the secret 8 was my English teacher, Olivia Balian. “ 可知，巴里安帮助作者交学费，支持他，所以她的行为应该是慷慨的，故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，我搬到了英国，最终获得了两个硕士学位。A. developed发展；B. required 要求；C. discovered发现；D.obtained获得。根据下文“two master's degrees”可知，此处应是获得学位， 故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从未忘记巴里安女士的善良和慷慨。A. trust信任；B.kindness善良；C. devotion 献身；D. courage勇气。根据下文ugenerosity of Ms. Balian可知,此处讲述的是英语老师的善良和慷慨, 故选B。【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约40年后，我第一次回到贝鲁特，向黎巴嫩所有28所高中捐赠了 450万美元, 其中包括我以前就读的高中。A. earn赚取；B. show展示；C.donate捐赠；D. save挽救。根据下文“$4.5 million to all 28 high schools in Lebanon,可知，此处是捐钱，故选 C。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她见到我就像我见到她一样激动。A. thrilled激动的;B.scared害怕的;C.ashamed 惭愧的；D. amused 愉快的。根据上文“I never forgot the 11and generosity of Ms. Balian.” 可知，作者 一直没有忘记自己的英语老师，一直想着她的善良和慷慨，所以再见面一定是激动的，故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她的及时帮助，我的余生可能都要在我父亲在贝鲁特的店里修理轮 胎了。A. technical技术的；B.legal法律的；C.conditional有前提的；D.timely及时的。根据下文“I probably would have spent the rest of my life 15 tires at my father's shop in Beirut.” 可知，没有自己英语老师的及 时帮助，作者可能会在爸爸的修理店里度过余生，故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. inventing发明；B. repairing修理；C.controlling控制；D. designing设 计。根据"tires at my father's shop in Beirut.”可知,此处指作者在自己爸爸的修理店里修理轮胎,故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The Silk Road was a network of ancient trade routes that extended from East Asia all the way to the Mediterranean. A key section of the extensive Silk Road network is the Chang9an-Tianshan corridor(走 Mr).36 stretches over a distance of around 5,000 kilometres, 37 (cover) a total of 8,700 kilometres of trade routes.The corridor began to develop in the 2nd century BC. 38 (assign) by the emperor, the ambassador Zhang Qian 39 (journey) from Chang9an to Central Asia, seeking to build bridges between the Han Dynasty and the Western Regions. Following Zhang's efforts, trade routes took shape and relationships 40 (strength) between the major powers of the time, with the routes network reaching as far as the Roman Empire. The network expanded 41 (gradual), playing an important role in world history between 6th and 14th century, 42 it remained in use until the 16th century.At the initial stage of the Silk Road development, silk was the main item in the trade list thanks to 43 (it) light weight and high value. In addition to trade exchange, the network served 44 a bridge for cultural exchange which shaped the evolution of science, art, technology and many other areas in societies. In the modern age, through the Belt and Road Initiative, the Silk Road is once again connecting the 45 (country) along the ancient trade routes and promoting the exchanges of different civilizations.【答案】36. which37. covering38. Assigned39. journeyed40. were strengthened#strengthened41. gradually42. and 43. its44. as 45. countries【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了丝绸之路的历史及发展。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：广阔的丝绸之路网络的一个关键部分是长安-天山走廊，该走廊绵延约5000公里，涵 盖了总共8700公里的贸易路线。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Changn-Tianshan corridor(走廊), 指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，故填which。【37题详解】考查现在分词。句意：同上。设空处为非谓语，和它的逻辑主语之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语， 故填 covering 0【38题详解】考查过去分词。句意：张骞受命从长安前往中亚，试图在汉朝和西域之间架起桥梁。分析可知设空处为非 谓语动词，和它的逻辑主语之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Assigned。【39题详解】考查时态。句意：同上。分析可知，设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填journeyed。【40题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在张骞的努力下，商路得以形成，当时大国之间的关系得以加强，商路 网络远达罗马帝国。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，主语relationships和strengthen之 间可以用主动语态也可以用被动语态，主语是复数，谓语也要用复数形式，故填werestrengthened/strengthened o【41题详解】考查副词。句意：这一网络逐渐扩大，在6世纪至14世纪的世界历史上发挥了重要作用，一直使用到16 世纪。设空处修饰动词expanded作状语，应用副词形式，故填gradually。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：同上。设空处连接前后两个句子是并列关系，故填and。43题详解】考查代词。句意：在丝绸之路发展的初期，丝绸因其重量轻、价值高而成为贸易清单上的主要商品。设空 处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词性物主代词，故填it