高考英语二轮复习11状语从句学案.docx

状语从句【考纲解读】状语从句是历年高考中出现比较频繁的考查内容，无论在单项选择、完型填空还是阅 读理解等项目中都占有较大比例。状语从句指句子用作状语，其作用相当于副词，它可以修 饰谓语' 非谓语动词' 定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间' 地点' 原因、条件、 目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词（从属连词）引导，也可以由词 组引导。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。高 考中，主要考查由 when, whi Ie, as, un I ess, before, not until ，特殊疑问词+-ever / no matte r +特殊疑问词等引导的状语从句。主要考查热点：1 .时间状语从句及其连词；2 .地点状语从句及其连词；3 .原因状语从句及其连词；4 .条件状语从句及其连词；5 .让步状语从句及其连词；6 .目的状语从句及其连词；7 .方式状语从句及其连词；8 .结果状语从句及其连词；9 .比较状语从句及其连词。【考点剖析】一、时间状语从句及其连词例1： （2020年高考哈工大附中专项测试卷） he woke up the next morn i ng, he was surpr i sed to f i nd the ground covered with deep snow.8. When C. Un I essD. Before【答案】B例 2： （2019 年高考 南京市 调研卷）After 40 years of reform and opening-up, China st i I I has a Iong way to go it becomes a udeveI oped economy” .A. unti I B. beforeC. afterD. unless【答案】B例3： （2018年高考 北京卷）we don' t stop cl imate change, many animals and pI ants i n the worId wi I I be gone.A. Although B. While C. IfD. Unti I【答案】C“no matter +疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，意为“无论，不管”；疑问词-ever不但可以引导让步状语从句（等于no matter +疑问词），还可引导名词性从句 （如：宾语从句、主语从句等），意为“任何”。六、目的状语从句及其连词1. in order that 与 so thatin order that与so that这两个连词意为“以便,为了,引导的状语从句中需用情态动词；i n order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后, 而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。When he goes out, he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody can recognize him.他出门的时候常戴着墨镜，这样的话就没人能认出他了。2. for fear that 与 in casefear that与in case引导的目的状语从句中，一般用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should +动词原形"，should可以省略。The boy h i d himself beh i nd the tree i n case/for fear that h i s father shouId see him.那个男孩藏在树后面，以防他父亲看到他。Take your ra i ncoat i n case i t shou I d ra i n.带上雨衣以防下雨。七、方式状语从句及其连词as, as if, as though, just as, the way, rather than 等引导的方式状语从句由 as, as if, as though, just as, the way, rather than 等引导的方式状语从句， 有二点需要注意：（D as表示行为方式；（2）假如、与事实相反、不可能实现时，有as if/ though引导要用虚拟语气；（3） the way也可以引导方式状语从句。Remember, you must do everything as I do.记住，你们都要照我这样做。You must do the exercise as I show you.你必须按我给你示意得来做这练习。He acted as i f noth i ng had happened.他好像什么都没有发生似的。I don, t I i ke the way he addresses the aud i ence.我不喜欢他向观众演说的样子。八、结果状语从句及其连词引导结果状语从句的连词有以下几种情况1. so +adj / adv. + that从句，如此以致于The theory was so advanced that few peopIe couId understand it这个理论如此先进以致于很少有人能够明白。The essay was wr itten so we I I that many newspapers wanted to carry it. 这篇文章写得如此好以致于许多报纸想刊登它。a / an +adj +n （单数）2. such y adj +n（复数）that从句，如此以致于adj +n （不可数）He I eft i n such a hurry that he forgot to Iock the door.他走得匆忙，以致忘了锁门。（当中心词是单数可数名词时，冠词a/ an需要紧接such）There were such a lot of peopIe that We couId hard Iy move on.人很多，我们简直没法往前走。（复数名词作中心词）。He made such rap i d progress that he soon began to wr i te art i cIes i n Eng I i sh. 他进步很快，不久就开始用英语写文章了。（不可数名词作中心词）【温馨提示】1）作中心词的名词前有many, much （多）few, I ime （少）这四个词之一时，要用 so. . . that句型。Soon there were so many deer that they ate up a I I the wi Id roses.不久，鹿太多了，结果它们吃光了野玫瑰。She got to Ii ttIe educat i on that she couId hard Iy do a simple ar ithmet ic problem.她受的教育如此少她几乎不会做简单的数学问题。但是当little为小的意思时，则要用suchthat,句型。They were such I ittIe chiIdren that they couldn't dress themseIves.他们是如此小的孩子结果他们不会自己穿衣服。2） such / an + adj +n （s i ng） that 可换成 so+ adj. +a / an+n （s i ng） that 引导的状语从 句。The eIephant has such a strong body that i t can do heavy work for peopIe二The eIephant has so strong a body that it cal I do heavy work for peopIe. 大象有如此强壮的身体结果它可以为人们做繁重的劳动。九、比较状语从句及其连词由 than, as. as. ; the more., the more.引导的比较状语从句由than, as. . . as. . . ; the more. . . , the more.引导的比较状语从句需注意：（1）as. as只能修饰形容词或副词原级，用于否定句时第一 as可换成so；（2） than和as. . . as后的比较部分常是省略句；（3） the more. . . , the more.一般是倒装句，前是比较状语从句,后是主句。It's much cheaper to camp than to stay i n a hote I.宿营比住旅店要便宜的多。Repeat thi s as often as i s necessary.根据需要多次重复这个动作。The more you I i sten to Engl i sh, the eas ier it becomes.英语你听得越多，就越容易听懂。I have never seen such an i nterest i ng person as he （is）.我从没有见过像他那样有趣的人。【强化训练】I.单项选择1. （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）There i s food i n the ref r i gerator that we don （2018年高考 天津模拟卷）My mother i s always warning me when I go out, "Don' t get off the bus it i s stopping.”B. whileC. before D. after （2017年高考北京海淀区模拟卷）It' s a I ways a good i dea to have a second key somewhere you I ose the f i rst one.A. i n case B. now that C. even though D. as I ong as （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）the average age of the popu I at i on i ncreases, there are more and more oIdpeopIe to care for.A. Unless B. Unti IC. As D. Whi Ie （2017年高考天津模拟卷）一Don5 t look down upon Bob. He has hi s own advantages.Oh, yes. others are weak, he i s strong. t need to buy anyth i ng.A. such a B. such much C. so much D. so many2. （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）If you don5 t understand something, you mayresearch, study, and taIk to other peopIe A. becauseB. thoughC.3. （2018年高考 天津模拟卷7） We thoroughly t a I ways agree.A. even ifB. as ifC.4. （2018年高考江苏联考试卷） Jack that Mum can ensure him warm meaIs.A. That B. WhenC. Whethe you figure it out.unt i ID. s i neeunderstand each other, we don'howeverD. so thatgets home after schooI i s caIcuIated sor D. How8. When C. WhereD. Though9. （2018 年高考 江苏南京模拟卷）Sometimes it' s hard to accept the truth the I ie sounds so much better.B. un I ess C. though D. unt i I10. （2018年高考 北京通州模拟卷）your aunt was so busy, why d i dn51 she emp I oy someone to he Ip her Iook after the baby?A. In case B. Now thatC.AsIong asD. As if11. （2018 年高考 天津模拟卷）you haveto do thejob,you shou I d try yourbest to do it well even thoughitmay be verydifficultforyou.A. Wh i Ie B. S i neeC.Un I essD.Though12. （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）I really enjoy I i sten i ng to mus i c itother cares of the day.he Ips me re I ax and takes my mind away fromA. becauseB. before C. unI essD. unt i I13. （2018年高考 北京卷）we dor? t stop cl imate change, many animals andpI ants i n the worId wi I I be gone.B. WhileC. IfD. Unti I14. The ch i Idren watered the treesthe trees wouId grow well.A. such asB. so asC. i n order thatD. such that15. Cathy had quit her job when her son was born she couId stay home andra i se her famiIy.A. now thatB. as i fC. on I y i f16. The I ittIe boy savedevery coin Mother's day.A. now thatB. as ifC. on I y i fD. so thathe cou I d buy h i s mother a present onD. so that17. You shouId Iove your motheryour Ii fe i s given by your mother.A. s i neeB. i f C. when D. as I ong as18. When the footbaI I fans saw Beckham, they got excitedtheycr i ed out.A. so, that B. such that C. now thatD. even though19. You may use the d i ct i onary you can return it in time.A. as long as B. whenC. unt i ID. as though20. I was doing the washingmy brother was watchi ng TV.A. becauseB. ifC. whileD. s i neeII.综合练习：短文改错I n my ch i Idhood, my parent sent me to I earn Ch i nese caI I i graphy, be I i eved that it could benefit me a lot. Therefore, th i ngs were quite contrary to the i r expectat i ons. Not only do I get bored with hours of pract i ce but a I so I doubted the va I ue of it. Neverthe I ess, when I entered i nto h i gh schoo I, it became a fantasy way for me to re I ax.Judging from my own exper i ence, I want to say a I i tt I e words to those who have the same troubIe I i ke I d i d. Do not refuse I earn a skill when they are young, as i n the Iong run you wi I I f i nd i t he IpfuI.答案I.单项选择1. （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）There i s food i n the ref r i gerator that we don' t need to buy anyth i ng.A. such a B. such much C. so much D. so many【答案】c【解析】句意：冰箱里有这么多食物，我们不需要买任何东西。food指食物、食品的时候 是不可数名词；当强调食物的种类时是可数名词；此句中指食物，所以是不可数名词，故排 除D。在有s。与such的状语从句中注意：so修饰形容词或副词；其结构为so+形容词或 者副词+ that从句。such修饰名词，其结构为：such + （a / an / ）+ad j. + n. + that从 句；但是需要注意的是：如果such后边的名词前由many、much、few、I ittIe等词所修饰 的话，则不用such而用so；所以又排除A、B,选择C。2. （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）If you don5 t understand someth i ng, you may research, study, and taIk to other peopIe you figure it out.A. becauseB. thoughC. unti ID. s i nee【答案】c【解析】句意：如果你无法理解某件事情，你可能会去研究，学习和他人探讨直到你理解为 止。因为；尽管；直到；目从。根据句意可知选用until。因此，选C。3. （2018年高考天津模拟卷7） We thorough I y understand each other, we don' t always agree.A. even ifB. as ifC. howeverD. so that【答案】A【解析】句意：我们完全理解对方，即便我们也会有分歧。考查状语从句。even if "即使、 纵然”，表示让步；as if “仿佛，好像”，表示方式；however "可是、然而”表示转折； so that "为了'因此”，引导目的或结果状语从句。此处为让步关系，所以，选A。4. （2018 年高考 江苏联考试卷） Jack gets home after schoo I i s ca I cu I ated so that Mum can ensure him warm meaIs.A. That B. WhenC. Whether D. How【答案】B【解析】句意：Jack放学回到家的时间被估算好了，这样他妈妈就能保证他一回家就能吃 上有热腾腾的饭。考查状语从句。根据句意选择时间状语从句的连词When。所以，选B。5. （2018 年高考 天津模拟卷）My mother i s always warn i ng me when I go out, "Don' t get off the bus it is stopping.”8. whileC. before D. after【答案】B【解析】句意：每当我出门的时候，妈妈总是提醒我：“车不停稳不要下车。”考查状语从 句。while意为“当的时候”，此处表示“在停车的过程中”。所以，选B。6. （2017年高考北京海淀区模拟卷）It' s a I ways a good i dea to have a second key somewhere you I ose the f i rst one.A. i n case B. now that C. even though D. as I ong as【答案】A【解析】句意：准备一把备用的钥匙总是个好主意，以备你丢失了这把钥匙。考查状语从句。 in case "以防万一”，引导目的状语从句；now that “既然”，引导原因状语从句；even though "即使，虽然”，引导让步状语从句；as long as "只要”，引导条件状语从句。所 以，选择A。7. （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）the average age of the popu I at i on i ncreases, there are more and more oIdpeopIe to care for.A. Unless B. Unti IC. As D. Whi Ie【答案】C【解析】句意：随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。考查状语从句。 unless除非，引导条件状语从句；unt i I直到为止，引导时间状语从句；while尽管，当的时候，可用来引导让步或时间状语从句。根据句意可知此处应用as引导时间状语 从句，表示：随着”o所以，选C。8. （2017年高考天津模拟卷）一Don5 t I ook down upon Bob. He has h i s own advantages.一Oh, yes. others are weak, he i s strong.B. When C. WhereD. Though【答案】c【解析】考查状语从句。句意：不要瞧不起鲍勃。他有自己的优势。哦,是的。在 别人弱的地方他却很强。where ”在的地方”，引导地点状语从句。所以，选C。9. （2018 年高考 江苏南京模拟卷）Sometimes it' s hard to accept the truth the I ie sounds so much better.8. un I ess C. though D. unt i I【答案】A【解析】句意：有时候事实真相很难接受，因为谎言往往要顺耳得多。考查状语从句。根据 句子之间的逻辑关系可知，此处表原因。所以，用becauseo选A。10. （2018年高考 北京通州模拟卷）your aunt was so busy, why d i dn51 she emp I oy someone to he Ip her Iook after the baby?A. In case B. Now that C. As Iong as D. As if【答案】B【解析】句意：既然你姑姑很忙，那她为什么不雇个人帮忙照顾她的婴儿呢？考查状语从句。 now that（=sinee）既然、由于。in case "假使、免得、以防”，引导条件或目的状语从 句。as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。as if “仿佛、好像”，引导方式状语从句。 从句子逻辑关系判断，此处表原因，选B。11. （2018 年高考 天津模拟卷） you have to do the job, you shou I d try your best to do it well even though it may be very difficult for you.A. Wh i Ie B. S i nee C. Un I ess D. Though【答案】B【解析】句意：既然你必须做这份工作,那么就算它对你来说可能很困难，你也应该尽全力 把它做好。考查状语从句。由句意和逻辑关系可知，此处为因果关系，选since ”既然、因 为"。所以，选择B。12. （2020年高考 哈工大附中专题测试卷）I really enjoy I i sten i ng to mus i c i t he I ps me re I ax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.A. because B. before C. unI ess D. unt iI【答案】A【解析】句意：我真的很喜欢听音乐，因为它有助于我放松，让我忘记一天中的其他忧虑。 考查状语从句。根据句意可知，句子前后为因果关系，所以，选A。13. （2018年高考 北京卷） we don' t stop c I imate change, many animals and pI ants i n the worId wi I I be gone.B. Whi IeC. IfD. Unti I【答案】c【解析】句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上的很多动物和植物将会死去。考查状语从 句。although “尽管”，引导让步状语从句；while "当时候”，引导时间状语从句； until “直到”，引导时间状语从句。根据句意可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如 果”。所以，选择C。14. The ch i Idren watered the trees the trees wouId grow well.A. such as B. so asC. i n order that D. such that【答案】c【解析】句意：孩子们给树浇水，以便树木长得好。浇水的目的是让树长得好，所以空格处 要填的是引导目的状语从句的连词。in order that=so that,表示为了,以便于;故选择C。15. Cathy had quit her job when her son was born she couId stay home and ra i se her famiIy.A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that【答案】D【解析】句意：凯西在儿子出生时就辞去了工作，以便于她能够待在家里抚养孩子。题中的 连词短语now that既然；as if似乎，好像；only if只要；so that以至于，结果是；根据句意可知本句中的SO that引导的是一个目的状语从句，从句中常常会有其他动词can 等。故选择D。16. The I ittIe boy saved every coin he couId buy his mother a present on Mother's day.A. now that B. as if C. only if D. so that【答案】D【解析】句意：这个小男孩把每一枚硬币都存起来，这样他就可以在母亲节给妈妈买一件礼 物了。小男孩存钱的目的是为了给妈妈买礼物，所以从句应该是由是表示目的的连词引导。 now that既然；as if似乎，好像；only if只要；so that以至于，结果是；而且sothat引导的从句中常常会有can, could等。故选择答案D。17. You shouId Iove your mother your I ife i s given by your mother.A. s i neeB. ifC. whenD. as I ong as【答案】A【解析】句意：你应该爱你的母亲，因为你的生命是你母亲赋予的。since由于，因为；if 如果，引导条件状语从句；when当时候，引导时间状语从句；as long as只要就,引导条件状语从句。主句的意思是主语该怎样做，从句解释为何要如此的原因，所以since 符合该句。故选择答案A。18. When the footbaI I fans saw Beckham, they got excited they cr i ed out.A. so, that B. such that C. now that D. even though【答案】A【解析】句意：当球迷看到贝克汉姆时，他们激动得哭了起来。答案C和D的两个词之间不 可以分开，所以排除。根据sothat与such that的用法区别，答案A和B的结构 分别是：so修饰形容词或副词：so + adj. / adv. + that”；such修饰名词：such + (a / an / )+adj. + n. + that。选择答案 A。19. You may use the dictionary you can return it in time.A. as long as B. when C. unti I D. as though【答案】A【解析】句意：只要你能及时归还，你就可以使用这本词典。从主句得知，可以使用，条件 是你要按时归还，答案A是引导条件状语从句的连词，as long as的意思是：只要, 就o其它三个连词分别引导时间状语从句和让步状语从句；不符合本句。选择答案A。 20. I was doing the washing my brother was watching TV.A. because B. if C. while D. sinee【答案】c【解析】句意：当我正在洗衣服时，我弟弟在看电视。答案A引导原因状语从句；答案B 引导条件从句，均可排除；答案D可以引导表示原因的从句，也可以引导表示时间的从句(自 从时候开始)，不符合该句子。该句子主句与从句的两个动作是同时进行的，只有whi Ie 符合。故选择答案C。II.综合练习：短文改错I n my ch i Idhood, my parent sent me to I earn Ch i nese caI I i graphy, be I i eved that it could benefit me a lot. Therefore, th i ngs were quite contrary to the i r expectat i ons. Not only do I get bored with hours of pract i ce but a I so I doubted the va I ue of it. Neverthe I ess, when I entered i nto h i gh school, it became a fantasy way for me to re I ax.Judging from my own exper ience, I want to say a I itt Ie words to those who have the same troubIe I i ke I d i d. Do not refuse I earn a skill when they are young, as i n the Iong run you wi I I f i nd i t he IpfuI.【答案与解析】1 .将parent改为parents考查名词复数。句意：在我的童年时代，我的父母让我学习中 国书法，相信它能给我带来很多好处。此处用名词复数，故将parent成为parents。2 .将believed改为believing考查现在分词做伴随状语。句意：在我的童年时代，我的 父母让我学习中国书法，相信它能给我带来很多好处。句子主语my parents和believe之 间是主动关系，是现在分词做伴随状语，故将bel ieved成为bel ieving。3 .将Therefore改为However考查副词。句意：在我的童年时代，我的父母让我学习中 国书法，相信它能给我带来很多好处。然而，事情与他们的期望完全相反。前后是一种转折 关系，故将Therefore成为However o4 .将d。改为did 考查时态。句意：我不仅对几个小时的练习感到厌倦，而且我也怀疑 它的价值。根据In my chi Idhood可知句子用一般过去时态，此处是助动词did帮助构成部 分倒装，故将do成为did。5 .将into去掉 考查及物动词。enter （进入）是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语，本身含有 into的意思，所以此处into是多余的，故将into去掉。6 .将fantasy改为fantastic考查形容词修饰名词。此处way是名词，用形容词来修饰,故将 fantasy 成为 fantastic。7 .将little改为few 考查few和I itt Ie的区分。此处words是可数名词，a little修 饰不可数名词，afew修饰可数名词复数，故将little成为few。8 .将like改为as考查关系代词as引导的定语从句。句意：从我自己的经验来看，我想 对那些和我一样有同样麻烦的人说几句话。the same成为as成为，同成为是一样的，此处 as是关系代词与the same搭配引导定语从句，故将like改成as。9 .在ref use后加to考查固定搭配。refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事，故在learn前面加 tOo10 .将they改为you考查人称代词。句意：当你年轻的时候，不要拒绝学习一项技能, 因为从长远来看，你会发现它很有帮助。结合句意可知把they成为you。例4： （2018年高考 天津模拟卷）It is difficult for us to know the truth we've actuaI Iy Iooked i nto the case.B. after C. s i neeD. i f【答案】A【解题技巧】熟练掌握引导时间状语从句的从属连词以及之间的区别，熟练牢记固定句型结构，同时 要掌握搭配上的区别。二、地点状语从句及其连词例1： （2020年高考 哈工大附中专项测试卷）House pr i ces are usua I I y much h i gher there are subway stat i ons around.B. un I ess C