2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期末测试卷（人教版）01【答案全解全析】.pdf

【答案】第一部分：听力1-5 BACCC 6-10 BACBB 11-15 ACABC 16-20 BAACB听力原文Text 1M:Our football team has just won the championship match!W:Wow,we have become the league champion for the fourth time!M:Cheers!Text 2W:Do you often listen to the radio?M:Yeah.I listen to the radio every morning.W:What programs do you usually listen to?M:Programs about what happened at home and abroad.Text 3W:Look at those colorful birds over there.I think you can teach them to sing.M:But look at the price!Td rather have a cat.Text 4W:Mike,how are you getting along with your homework?M:I have been doing it fbr two hours.I dont know if Til be able to get it finished.W:Take it easy.Text 5M:Pardon me,Miss.Do you have change for a dollar?W:Tm afraid not,youll have to ask someone else.Text 6W:Excuse me,Im looking fbr the.are you the manager?M:Yes,I am.What can I do for you?W:I bought this yesterday,but I didnt look at the receipt until todayand Im shocked that Ididnt get the discount that you were advertising.I thought that this item would be 25%off!M:May I have a look?Hmm.it says it was checked out on register four-thafs Heather.She isnew on staff,so she probably didnt know about the sale.Im very sorry about that.Ill fix theproblem right away and get you some cash.W:Thanks very much.Til just be waiting over there.Text 7M:Oh,dear,I suppose its time to start thinking about the summer holidays again.The papers arefull of travel articles.W:They always are at this time of year.Do you have somewhere in mind?M:I just think it would be nice to go somewhere different,for example,Tibet.W:Where?Tibet?But it is quite far away.It will cost a lot.M:But rd like to go somewhere out-of-the-way.Somewhere where there arent many tourists.Ihavent been to Tibet,but some people I know told me its a wonderful place for a holiday.W:You might have trouble with food and water.M:Oh,that wont be a problem.I can get some information from the travel agency and see whatthey are offering.Are you coming with me?W:Td be quite happy to stay at home and work in the garden.I want to build a path.Text 8W:Do you keep in touch with your aunt in America?M:Sure,I usually call her once a month.W:That sounds kind of expensive.M:Yeah,a little,I guess.W:Do you ever have the desire to chat online?M:Sure.But my aunt is a little older and not really into using the computer.W:But surely she would want to save a little money.You said she has kids.They must have acomputer in the house.You could get one of her kids to teach her how to use the Intemet.M:Yeah,I guess I never really thought about it.I kind of like hearing the sound of her voice.Itfeels a little closer and more personal.W:Yeah,I understand.I like hearing my parents voices too,but I dont feel like I need to hearthem every time we talk.M:Hmm.Maybe I will get her kids to help.Ifs a good idea.Text 9W:Can I see your passport,please?M:Is this line for non-residents?W:Yes it is.Residents can queue up in the lines to my right.M:OK.Heres my passport.W:Whats the expiration date on your passport?M:I think its coming up,maybe in a few months.It was renewed in Beijing,so the newexpiration date is on the last page.W.I see.Yes,youll need to renew your passport in a few months.Make sure you dont let itexpire while you are in the UK.M:I w ontW:Do you have anything to declare?M:No,I dont have anything to declare.W:How long will you be staying in the UK?M:Til be here about a year.W:What is the puipose of your stay?M:Til be studying.Tm doing an MBA at Nottingham University.W:Where will you be staying?M:I have a housing contract with the university.Til be in a dorm room on campus.W:How do you plan on paying for your living costs and tuition fees while you are here?M:My father has already paid for that in advance.Here are the receipts.W:OK.Have a good stay.Heres your passport and your documents.M:Thank you very much.Text 10My way to stay young is simple:Give full attention to the part of you thats young andgrowing-your brain.Keep your mind active and your body will stay young,too.These areexciting times.Take an interest in the world around you,and make a point of learning one newthing every day.Never think about your age,ifs not too late to make your life more interesting.I know ahouse wife who became a famous industrial designer;I know a retired electrical engineer who hasbecome a highly paid artist.Get over the idea that you are too old to go back to college.I know I man who enteredmedical school at 70.He got his degree with honors and became a top doctor.Another man wentto law school at 71 and is now an active lawyer.Even if you are getting on in years,staying young is easy for those who live for the future.You can do it if you care enough to try.Keep your mind alive and active;this is the key to stayingyoung,and it will certainly work.第二部分：阅读理解第一节A21.D22.C23.B【分析】本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述的是关于冠状病毒的几个问题。21.细节理解题。根据小标题“How long does coronavirus live on surfaces?下的“the virus canstill remain viable on variety of surfaces,according to the CDC,though its not exactly clear forhow long.（据美国疾病控制与预防中心称，这种病毒仍然可以在各种表面存活，但不清楚能存活多久）“可知，冠状病毒停留在表面多长时间是不清楚的。故选D 项。22.推理判断题。根据小标题“How long does coronavirus live on surfaces?”下的Though thecoronavirus is typically transmitted through the air via respiratory droplets（from an infectedperson sneezing or coughing虽然冠状病毒通常通过空气中的呼吸道飞沫传播（来自受感染的人打喷嚏或咳嗽）“；以及小标题“How is coronavirus spread?”下的“According to the CDC,COVID-19 is spread mainly from person to person,usually through close contact（within six feet）.Being near an infected person who coughs,sneezes,or talks can expose you to their respiratorydroplet carrying the virus and they can spread the virus even if they dont have any symptomsyet.（COVID.19主要通过人与人之间传播，通常通过密切接触（6 英尺以内）。与咳嗽、打喷嚏或说话的感染者近距离接触，会让你接触到他们携带病毒的呼吸道飞沫，即使他们还没有任何症状，也会传播病毒。如果这些粒子是颗粒吸入或停留在你的眼睛，鼻子或嘴，你可以被感染厂可知，近距离接触（6 英尺以内）、靠近受感染的人和吸入一些含有病毒的颗粒有可能被传染。故选C 项。23.推理判断题。根据文章的题目“Some Questions About Coronavirus（关于冠状病毒的几个问题广可推知，这是关于健康的文章，可能出现在报纸的健康版面上。故选B 项。24.A25.A26.B27.C【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文通过在数学PSAT中，一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题：考试中学生是否可以使用计算器。作者列举了使用计算器的弊端，呼吁禁止使用计算器。24.推理判断题。第一段中“As a high school student,I learned this the hard way last year,whena student I didnt expect to bested me on the math PSAT.He soon admitted the secret to hissuccess:the CAS calculator.”提到，作为一名高中学生，我去年学到了这一点，当时有个学生,我没有想到会在PSAT数学考试中打败我。他很快承认了自己成功的秘诀：CAS计算器。作者在下文讨论了考试中是否应该使用计算器，由此可知，作者提到这个例子是为了介绍主题。故选A 项。25.细节理解题。根据第三段中Its unfair to allow such an incredibly helpful advancedcalculator unless every student has access to il.（除非福个学生都能使用，否则允许使用如此有用的高级计算器是不公平的）”可知，作者觉得学生使用CAS计算器不公平，是因为不是每个学生都能在SAT中使用一个CAS计算器。故选A 项。26.推理判断题。根据第三段中“In response to an email asking whether the College Board,whichowns the SAT,is aware that the CAS is seen as greatly helping those who use it and whether it hasconsidered banning such calculators,a communications officer sent a link to the SAT calculatorpolicy,which spells out the permitted calculators,CAS among them.”可知，一封邮件询问负责SAT的美国大学董事会是否意识到CAS计算器帮助使用者及是否考虑禁止这样的计算器，一位通信官员对此作出回应，发了一个链接到SAT计算器政策，其中详细说明了允许使用的计算器，CAS就是其中之一。由此可知，大学董事会对禁止使用CAS计算器持的态度是不赞成的。故 选 B 项。27.主旨大意题。结合最后一段中“The simplest solution would be to leave out the math sectionthat allows calculator use or permit test-takers to use only the most basic calculators,provided bythe College Board.（最简单的解决办法是跳过允许使用计算器的数学部分，或者只允许考生使用由College Board提供的最基本的计算器）”可知，本文通过在数学PSAT中，一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题：考试中学生是否可以使用计算器。作者列举了使用计算器的弊端，呼吁禁止使用计算器。C 项“呼吁禁止使用计算器”适合作为文章标题。故选C 项。C28.B29.B30.C31.A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早期疫苗引入的历史。28.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompaniedher husband to Turkey in 1717.（1717年，蒙塔古第一次目睹了疫苗接种，当时她陪丈夫去了土耳其广可知，第二段说的是她在土耳其第一次看到了有人接种的行为，也就是第一次接触到这种情况。故选B。29.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threatendoctors professional standing and potentially rob them of valuable income4由无执照的业余医师进行接种会威胁到医生的职业地位，并有可能剥夺他们宝贵的收入）”可知，Montagu发现在英国接种疫苗很困难，因为它可能会损害医生的利益。故选B。30.推理判断题。根据第四段中“Eventually,in April 1721,she decided to use the Turkish practiceto have her daughter inoculated,because she believed that the rewards would outweigh the risks.After a safe time had passed following the inoculation,Montagu allowed doctors to examine herdaughter.（最终，在 1721年 4 月，她决定使用土耳其的方法让她的女儿接种疫苗，因为她相信回报会大于风险。在接种疫苗后的一段安全时间过后，Montagu允许医生为她的女儿进行检查）“可知，Montagu的女儿接种的结果使英国的医生们接受了接种。故选C。31.主旨大意题。这篇文章围绕的是M 这个人将接种疫苗引进当地的过程，期间还将女儿作为实验对象，由此可见，她对医学事业的奉献精神。B 谈创造，偏离主题；C 讲疫苗本身的发展，不全面；D 讲历史性的医学创新，不符合主旨。故选A。D32.B33.A34.D35.A【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了副教授Jennifer Mills带领的团队针对社交媒体对年轻女性对自己身体认知影响的研究结果。32.细节理解题。根据第一段中“But new research at Yorks Faculty of Health now shows howyoung women interact with images online can affect how they feel about their own bodies.（但纽约健康学院的一项新研究显示,年轻女性与网络图像的互动会影响她们对自己身体的感觉。）可知，研究人员做这项研究是为了了解网络身体图像是如何影响年轻女性的，选 项 B 与文意一致，故选B。33.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Participants reported their ages,diverse ethnic groups,whetherEnglish was their first language,and years of education in an online questionnaire six weeksbefore the experiment.（实验前六周，参与者在网上问卷中报告了他们的年龄、不同的种族、英语是否是他们的第一语言以及受教育年限。）可知，这项研究的参与者在实验前被询问了自己的出生背景等情况，选项A 与文意一致，故选A。34.推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句The results showed that these young adult women feltworse about their own appearance after looking at social media pages of someone that theyconsidered to be more attractive than themselves.（结果显示，这些年轻的成年女性在看到她们认为比自己更有吸引力的人的社交媒体页面后，对自己的外表感觉更糟。）可知，这项研究的发现表明在网上与同龄人比较会影响年轻女性的自我认知，选项D 与文意相符，故选Do35.推理判断题。根据第最后段中“The results showed that these young adult women feltworse about their own appearance after looking at social media pages of someone that theyconsidered to be more attractive than themselves.Even if they felt bad about themselves beforethey came into the study,on average,theystillfelt worse after completing the task.”（结果显示，这些年轻的成年女性在看到她们认为比自己更有吸引力的人的社交媒体页面后，对自己的外表感觉更糟。即使她们在进入研究之前对自己感觉不好，平均来说，她们在完成任务后仍然感觉更糟。）可知，社交媒体也许会对年轻女性的自我认知产生负面影响，选项A 与文意相符，故选A。第二节36.E37.G38.A39.D40.F【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了要教给小孩子的一些文明举止。36.上句说“An important part of raising your children is teaching them good manners as it helpsthem be more successful in life.”教养孩子的一个重要部分是教他们良好的举止，因为这有助于他们在生活中更成功。说的是需要培养孩子的言行举止，后句Here are some“old-fhshioned but important manners for your modern kids.”这里有一些传统但对你的现代孩子来说很重要的礼仪。说的是培养的建议，从逻辑上说题干肯定还在谈言行的重要性或者不培养后果。故选E。37.根据上句Its not just about politeness but about teaching children to recognize andacknowledge others9 contributions as valuable.”这不仅仅是关于礼貌，而且是关于教孩子认识和承认别人的贡献是有价值的。说的是要礼貌对待劳动者，题干肯定还是和这个话题相关，G 说的是不把劳动者看作仆人对待，符合语境。故选G。3 8.根据上句 If they do interrupt,calmly tell them its rude to interrupt and let them know youllacknowledge them shortly”如果他们真的打断了，冷静地告诉他们打断是不礼貌的，并让他们知道你很快就会回复他们。以及下句“Offer your children the same politeness and dontinterrupt them when it飞their turn to talk.”给你的孩子同样的礼貌，当他们想说话的时候不要打断他们。上句说的是大人要教会小孩不要打断他人说话，下句说的是大人也要同样尊重孩子的发言，可见这个尊重是双向的。故选A。39.根据下句“A parent should teach their children early on how to moderate their volume andtone based on the situation.You can make it into a fun game for little ones,like seeing who canwhisper the quietest at a cinema.”父母应该尽早教他们的孩子如何根据情况调节音量和语调。你可以把它做成小孩子的一个有趣的游戏，比如看电影院里谁的声音最安静。说的是教会小孩子在是适当场合要控制音量，可见题干说的就是孩子有时候会发出很大的声音。故选D。4 0.根据上句“These days it more important than ever to teach children to cough or sneeze into atissue or their elbow.Its not just a matter of hygiene（卫生）一 no one enjoys getting spayed.“如今，教孩子们用纸巾或手肘咳嗽或打喷嚏比以往任何时候都重要。它不只是卫生没有人喜欢被溅射到。说的是打喷嚏要捂嘴或者用纸巾，因为没有人喜欢被溅射到，题干肯定是对其补充解释，F 说的是这种礼貌可以让周围人感到安全舒适。故选F。第三部分：语言知识运用第一节41.C42.B43.A44.D45.B46.C47.B48.B49.A50.B51.C52.B53.D54.A55.B56.B57.C58.D59.B60.C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，多年前，作者和十几个男孩一起去了爱荷华州，去看一所自己想上的大学，发现那里不如家乡好，但有一天，作者发现爱荷华州的美丽，感悟每个人都有自己独特的才能和能力。41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和十几个男孩一起去了爱荷华州，去看一所我多年前就想上的大学。A.visiting 拜访；B.researching 研究；C.attending 参 力 口；D.supporting 支持。that引导定语从句修饰先行词a college,先行词a college在从句中做宾语，此处指attend a college（上大学）。故选C 项。42.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然这次旅行大部分时间都很有趣，但我时不时地感到孤独。A.excited兴奋的；B.lonely孤独的；C.disappointed失望的；D.worried担忧的。由下文的“I was missing my family”可知I,作者想家，说明作者感到孤独。故选B 项。43.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想念我的家人，意识到如果我在这里学习，我就不会经常见到他们。A.realized 意识到；B.regretted 遗憾；C.admitted 承认；D.expected 期望。由下文的“I wouldnt be seeing them much if I studied here”可知，如果在这里学习，自己就不会经常见到家人，这是作者感到孤独后意识到的事情。故选A 项。44.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也想念家里的森林。A.grasslands草原；B.mountains山；C.crops 庄稼；D.forests 森林。由下文的green in the spring and then became a sea of gold,redand orange in the fall”可知，春天变成绿色，然后在秋天变成金色、红色和橙色，可得出指的是森林。故选D 项。45.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我喜欢它们在春天变成千姿百态的绿色，然后在秋天变成金色、红色和橙色的海洋。A.looked into 调查：B.turned into 变成;C.broke into 闯入；D.tookinto考虑。由下文的became a sea of gold,red and orange in the fall”可知，森林在秋天变成金色、红色和橙色的海洋，那么森林在春天会变成千姿百态的绿色。故选B 项。46.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在爱荷华州，一切都是平坦的。A.messy凌乱的；B.fresh新鲜的;C.flat平 坦 的;D.poor贫穷的。由下文的“What I could see was a wild prairie（大草原）with no trees.”可知，作者在爱荷华州入目所及的是没有树的大草原，大草原是平坦的。故选C 项。47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只能闻到玉米、泥土和猪的混合物。A.imagine想象；B.smell 闻；C.get 得到；D.remember 记得。由上文的“I loved the smell of the wild flowers.“可知，作者在家乡能闻到野花的味道，但在爱荷华州只能闻到玉米、泥土和猪的混合物。故选B 项。48.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，在走了很长一段路之后，我闭上眼睛休息，梦想着再次回到家乡。A.moved感动；B.rested休息；C.trembled颤抖；D.shook摇摆。由下文的“withmy eyes closed”可知，此处指闭上眼睛休息。故选B 项。49.考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，在走了很长一段路之后，我闭上眼睛休息，梦想着再次回到家乡。A.dreamed of 梦 想;B.insisted on 坚 持;C.heard about 得知；D.delighted in喜欢。由上文的“with my eyes closed”可知，作者闭上眼睛休息，是为了梦想着再次回到家乡。故选A 项。50.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我睁开眼睛时，我看到了一些触动我心的东西。A.Therefore 因此；B.However 然而；C.Moreover 而且；D.Instead 反而。由上文的“being backhome again”和下文的I saw something that 11 my heart”可知，上文讲作者闭上眼睛休息梦想着再次回到家乡，下文讲作者在爱荷华州看到了一些触动自己心的东西，上下文是转折关系，用 However。故选B 项。51.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我睁开眼睛时，我看到了一些触动我心的东西。A.saved 拯救；B.settled 解决；C.touched 触动；D.upset 不安。由下文的“It was a 12sunset.It seemed to fill the sky from horizon to horizon.”可知，作者看到了似乎填满了天际的草原上的日落，这触动了作者的心。故选C 项。52.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是草原上的日落。A.sea海洋；B.grassland草原；C.desert沙漠；D.river河流。由上文的“a wild prairie”可知，作者看的是大草原的落日。故选B 项。53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：金色、红色和紫色的云彩都交汇在一起，在大自然的手上画成了一幅图画。A.connected连接；B.added增加；C.packed打包；D.flowed流动。由上文语境可知，作者看似乎填满了天际的草原上的日落，日落的颜色是丰富多彩的，金色、红色和紫色的云彩都交汇在一起，flow together（交汇）。故选D 项。54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太棒了，让我喘不过气来。A.fantastic极好的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.fast快速的；D.active积极的。由上文的“Gold,red and purple clouds all13 together in a picture painted by natures own hand.“可知，金色、红色和紫色的云彩都交汇在一起，在大自然的手上画成了一幅图画，说明景色极棒。故选A 项。55.考查名词词义辨析。句意:太棒了，让我惊叹。A.smell气味；B.breath呼吸；C.hearing听力；D.air空气。由上文语境可知，大草原上的日落景色极棒，以至于作者惊讶，take onesbreath away（令人惊叹、让人叹绝）。故选B 项。56.考查名词词义辨析。句意：相比之下，我家乡的落日显得微不足道。A.contrary相反的事实；B.comparison比较；C.contract合同；D.companion同伴。由本处语境可知，此处把家乡的日落景色与爱荷华州的日落景色做对比，in comparison（相较而言）。故选B 项。57.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那一刻，我知道我是多么的心胸狭窄和挑剔。A.pure-minded纯真的；B.absent-minded 心不在焉的；C.narrow-minded 狭隘的；D.open-minded 豁达的。由上下文语境可知，上文讲爱荷华州只有没有树的大草原，味道难闻，下文讲爱荷华州的日落景色极美，说明作者之前对爱荷华州的判断很主观狭隘。故选C 项。58.考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个地方也有它自己的美。A.power能力；B.value价值；C.significance 重要性；D.beauty 美丽。由上文语境和下文的a part of natures creation”及“beauty”可知，爱荷华州的日落景色极美，说明它也有自己的美，属于自然造物。故选D 项。59.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人都有一种特别的美。A.outstanding杰出的；B.special特殊的；C.natural自然的；D.inner内部的。由下文的“own unique”可知，我们每个人也有独特的美。故选B 项。60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人都有自己独特的天赋和能力。A.habits习惯；B.choices选择；C.talents天 赋;D.tasks任务。由下文的“and abilities”可知，此处指每个人都有独特的天赋和能力。故选C 项。第二节61.simply62.how63.anxiety/anxieties64.which65.a66.setting67.third68.satisfies69.packed70.stories【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者谈论自己对诗歌的见解.6