情态动词的用法及专项练习中学教育高考英语_中学教育-高考英语.pdf

学习必备 欢迎下载 情态动词的用法 一分类：1.只做情态动词：can（could）、may（might）、must.后接动词原形。2.可做情态动词又可做实义动词。如：need，dare 3.具有情态动词特征：have（has，had）to，used to（过去常常）。二情态动词的用法：情态动词后接动词原形 1.must 的用法 1）must 意为“必须；应该；一定”。表示说话人的主观意志，表示必须要做的。如：We must finish reading the book in two weeks.我们必须在两周内看完这本书。2）表示说话人对事物的推测，语气比 may 肯定，只用于肯定句中。Must be 译为“一定是”如：Mr.Liu must be in the office.刘老师一定在办公室。3）用 must 提问时，如果是否定回答，多用 neednt 或 dont have to，表示“不必，没必要”，而 mustnt 表示“绝对不行，不可以，禁止”的意思。如：-Must I finish my homework now?-Yes,you must.-No,you neednt/dont have to 4）have to 意为“必须；不得不”，有人称、时态和数的变化，后跟动词原形，表示客观需要。如：When I was your age，I already had to work.2.can 的用法：1）can 意为“能；会；可以”。表示能力，其否定式是 cannot=cant。如：She can sing.她会唱歌。2）表示请求许可。Can I.?意思是“我可以吗？”，较口语化。3）can 的过去式是 could，如：Lucy could swim at the age of five.露西五岁时就会游泳了。could 也可表示较 can 更为委婉的语气。如：Could you help me?帮帮我好吗？4）can 表示推测时，常用于否定句和疑问句中。Cant be“不可能是”，若是疑问句，其肯定回答用 may 或must。如：Where can it be?它会在哪里呢？It may/must be in your desk.它可能/一定在你的课桌里。否定回答：It cant be in your desk.它不可能在你的课桌上。3.may 的用法：1）may 意为“可以；可能”。表示请求、许可。如：May I look at your CD player?我可以看一下你的 CD 机吗？2）表示可能性（说话人的猜测），常用于肯定句中。如：Your sister may be waiting for you now.你妹妹可能现在正在等你呢。3）以 may 引起的一般疑问句，否定回答多用 mustnt；May I come in?我可以进来吗？No,you mustnt.不，不行。4.need 的用法：1)need 作情态动词时，意为“需要”，后接动词原形，常用于疑问句和否定句中，否定形式：neednt,疑问句：Need 提前如：You neednt try to explain.Need I explain it?2)need 作为实义动词时，后接动词不定式 to do，有人称和数的变化。如：She needs to come tomorrow.He (不需要）borrow money.Do they_(需要）do homework today？学习必备 欢迎下载 5.had better 的用法：had better（not）do sth 最好（不要）做某事 如：Youd better _(stay)at home.Youd better _(not watch)TV.练习：()1 John_ come to see us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.A.may B.can C.has to D.must()2 They _ do well in the exam.A.can be able to B.be able to C.can able to D.are able to()3-May I take this book out?-No,you_.A.cant B.may not C.neednt D.arent()4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever.A.can B.must C.dare D.would()5-Can you speak Japanese?-No,I_.A.mustnt B.cant C.neednt D.may not()1-He_ be in the classroom,I think.-No,he _ be in the classroom.I saw him go home a minute ago.A.can;may not B.must;may not C.may;cant D.may;mustnt()2-Shall I get one more cake for you,Dad?-Thanks,but you_,Ive had enough.A.may not B.must not C.cant D.neednt()3 Even the top students in our class cant work out this problem,so it be very difficult.A.may B.must C.can D.need()4 He isnt at school.I think he _ be ill.A.can B.shall C.must D.has to()5 _ I take this one?A.May B.Will C.Are D.Do()1 The children_ play football on the road.A.cant B.can C.mustnt D.must()2 You _ be late for school again next time.A.mustnt B.neednt C.dont have to D.dont need to()3-Must I do my homework at once?-No,you_.A.neednt B.mustnt C.cant D.may not()1 His arm is all right.He_ go and see the doctor.A.has not to B.dont have to C.havent to D.doesnt have to()2 He had to give up the plan,_ he?A.did B.didnt C.does D.doesnt()3 They had to walk here,_ they?A.mustnt B.did C.didnt D.hadnt()1 He had better stay here,_ he?A.didnt B.dont C.hadnt D.isnt()2 Youd better_late next time.A.not to be B.not be C.wont be D.dont be()3 Youd better _ your hair _ once a month.A.had;cut B.had;cutted C.have;cut D.have;cutted()4 You_ ask that man over there.Maybe he knows the way.A.had better not to B.had not better C.had better D.had better not()1-Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?A.Here you are B.Sorry,I cant C.Yes,please D.Let me try 词特征过去常常二情态动词的用法情态动词后接动词原形的用法意为必须应该一定表示说话人的主观意志表示必须要做的如我们必须在两周内看完这本书表示说话人对事物的推测语气比肯定只用于肯定句中译为一定是如刘老师一定人称时态和数的变化后跟动词原形表示客观需要如的用法意为能会可以表示能力其否定式是如她会歌表示请求许可意思是我可以吗较口语化的过去式是如露西五岁时就会游泳了也可表示较更为委婉的语气如帮帮我好吗表示推测时常不可能在你的课桌上的用法意为可以可能表示请求许可如我可以看一下你的机吗表示可能性说话人的猜测常用于肯定句中如你妹妹可能现在正在等你呢以引起的一般疑问句否定回答多用我可以进来吗不不行的用法作情态动词时意为学习必备 欢迎下载()2-Why dont you ask Mike to go with us?-Thanks,_.A.I will B.I wont C.lean D.I may()3-_ I take the newspaper away?-No,you mustnt.You_read it only here.A.Must;can B.May;can C.Need;must D.Must;must()1 Excuse me._ you please pass me that cup?A.Do B.Should C.Would D.Must()2 _ you like to have another try?A.Could B.Will C.Would D.Do()3-Would you like to go boating with us?-Yes,_.A.Id like B.I want C.Id like to D.I do()1 You_ worry about your son.He will get well soon.A.neednt B.cant C.mustnt D.have to()2 The poor man needs our help,_ he?A.need B.neednt C.does D.doesnt()3-Must we do our homework first?-No,you_.You may have a rest first.A.mustnt B.neednt C.may not D.cant 参考答案：1.1-5 A D A B B2.1-5 C D B C A3.1-3 C A A4.1-3 D B C5.1-4 C B C C6.1-3 B A B 7.1-3 C C C8.1-3 A D B 词特征过去常常二情态动词的用法情态动词后接动词原形的用法意为必须应该一定表示说话人的主观意志表示必须要做的如我们必须在两周内看完这本书表示说话人对事物的推测语气比肯定只用于肯定句中译为一定是如刘老师一定人称时态和数的变化后跟动词原形表示客观需要如的用法意为能会可以表示能力其否定式是如她会歌表示请求许可意思是我可以吗较口语化的过去式是如露西五岁时就会游泳了也可表示较更为委婉的语气如帮帮我好吗表示推测时常不可能在你的课桌上的用法意为可以可能表示请求许可如我可以看一下你的机吗表示可能性说话人的猜测常用于肯定句中如你妹妹可能现在正在等你呢以引起的一般疑问句否定回答多用我可以进来吗不不行的用法作情态动词时意为