感叹句的讲解及练习题中学教育高考英语_中学教育-高考英语.pdf

学习必备 欢迎下载 感叹句的讲解及练习题 一、感叹句的定义 用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句（exclamatory sentence）.感叹句句尾常用感叹号，亦可用句号，朗读时用降调，在口语中常用省略句，有时只用一个词或词组。如：Great!How cold!二、感叹句的六种句式 一般说来，感叹句是由 what 或 how 开头的，它有两个类型，六种句式。掌握了它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。1.用 what 引导的感叹句有三种句式，此时，what 为形容词，用作定语，修饰它后面的名词或名词词组（即感叹部分是名词性短语）。1）.What+a/an+形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！E.g.What a fine day it is！多么好的天气啊！（辅音音素前用 a）What an old building that is！那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊（元音音素前用 an）2）.What+形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语！E.g.:What good teachers they are！他们是多么好的老师啊！What beautiful flowers these are！这些是多么美丽的花啊！3).What+形容词不可数名词主语谓语！E.g.:What thick ice we are having here！我们这儿的冰多厚啊！What round bread it is！这是一块多么圆的面包啊！2.用 how 开头的感叹句也有三种句式，此时，how 是副词，用作状语，修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。4).How 形容词主语谓语！（即谓语动词是连系动词）E.g.:How hot it is today！今天天气多热啊！How beautiful the flowers are！这些花多么美丽啊！5).How 副词主语谓语！E.g.:How hard he works！他工作多么努力啊！How well she sings！她歌唱得多好啊！学习必备 欢迎下载 6).How+主语谓语！（即谓语动词是行为动词）E.g.:How she dances！她跳舞跳得多好啊！注意:what 和 how 引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。E.g.:How cold（it is）！What a good girl！What delicious fish！三、陈述句变感叹句全解 1.如何快速掌握感叹句？学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键，陈述句变感叹句实际上,就是句子成分位置的移动。E.g.:She is smiling sweetly.How sweetly she is smiling!（移动状语）2.哪些句子成分可能会移动位置？通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置，一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分：宾语、表语和状语。E.g.Mr.Turner told us a funny story.What a funny story Mr.Turner told us!（移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语）3.如何确定使用 what 还是使用 how？当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用 what 还是用 how，一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用 what，是形容词或副词短语时用 how。但这种格式例外:how+adj.+a/an+N E.g.:What a cool bike you are riding!（a cool bike 名词短语）How fast he is riding!（fast 副词）How cool a bike you are riding!（how+adj.+a/an+N）4.如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词？名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用 an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用 a。E.g.:What beautiful sunshine it is today!（sunshine 不可数名词）What a useful book this is!（useful 以辅音音素开头）What an old house that is!（old 以元音音素开头）句尾常用感叹号亦可用句号朗读时用降调在口语中常用省略句有时只用一个词或词组如二感叹句的六种句式一般说来感叹句是由或开头的它有两个类型六种句式掌握了它的搭配即掌握了感叹句的重点用引导的感叹句有三种句式此时天气啊辅音音素前用那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊元音音素前用形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语他们是多么好的老师啊这些是多么美丽的啊形容词不可数名词主语谓语我们这儿的冰多厚啊这是一块多么圆的面包啊用开头的感叹句也热啊这些多么美丽啊副词主语谓语他工作多么努力啊她歌唱得多好啊学习必备欢迎下载主语谓语即谓语动词是行为动词她跳舞跳得多好啊注意和引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语谓语或其它句子成分三陈述句变感叹句全解如何学习必备 欢迎下载 5.以 what 开头的句型和以 how 开头的句型怎样进行转换？这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的:含有“a/an+adj.+N”结构的句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和 how 搭配使用。E.g.:What an expensive glass he broke!How expensive a glass he broke!名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作“a/an+adj.+N”结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。E.g.:How beautiful the birds are!what beautiful birds they are!（说明：N 代表名词，未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式，S 代表主语，V 代表动词）6.在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略？常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词 be。E.g.:What a naughty boy!（省略了 he is）四、其它句式变感叹句 有时陈述句、疑问句（句中常有 so 或 much）以及祈使句也可直接转化为感叹句，不需要改变词的位置，只要改变原来的音调（即变为降调）。E.g.He s such a nice boy!多好的孩子！How can you be so clever!你怎么这么聪明！Don go with us!别和我们一起去！Have you ever seen such a thing?你曾见过这种事情吗？五、典型例题 例 1._ food youve cooked!A.How a nice B.What a nice C.How nice D.What nice 答案:D.评析：由于 How 修饰形容词，副词；what 修饰名词，且 food 为不可数名词，因此 A，B 排除，C How+adj.后面不能再加名词，因此只有 D 正确，其句型为 What+adj.+n.(不可数)例 2._terrible weather weve been having these days!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 答案:A.句尾常用感叹号亦可用句号朗读时用降调在口语中常用省略句有时只用一个词或词组如二感叹句的六种句式一般说来感叹句是由或开头的它有两个类型六种句式掌握了它的搭配即掌握了感叹句的重点用引导的感叹句有三种句式此时天气啊辅音音素前用那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊元音音素前用形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语他们是多么好的老师啊这些是多么美丽的啊形容词不可数名词主语谓语我们这儿的冰多厚啊这是一块多么圆的面包啊用开头的感叹句也热啊这些多么美丽啊副词主语谓语他工作多么努力啊她歌唱得多好啊学习必备欢迎下载主语谓语即谓语动词是行为动词她跳舞跳得多好啊注意和引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语谓语或其它句子成分三陈述句变感叹句全解如何学习必备 欢迎下载 评析：weather 为不可数名词，B，D 排除,C 为 how+adj.后面不应有名词。只有 A，符合句型 What+形容词+不可数名词。例 3.-_ I had!-You really suffered a lot.A.What a time B.What time C.How a time D.how time 答案:A.评析：感叹句分两类：1：What+n.+主谓部分 2：How+adj./adv./v.+主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了 bad，相对于 What a bad time I had!这是个习惯用语。感叹句的练习题 一、选择题 1._ delicious the dish is!A.What B.How C.What a 2._ strange clothes he is wearing!A.What a B.What C.How a 3._ an interesting subject it is!A.What B.How C.What an 4._ foggy it was yesterday!A.What B.What a C.How 5._ careless a boy you are!A.How B.What a C.What 6._ a nice watch it is!A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 7._ bright girls they are!A.What B.What a C.How D.How a 8._ interesting the film is!(1998 湖北)A.What B.What an C.How D.How an 9._ sunny day!Lets go out for a walk.(1999 江西)A.How a B.How C.What a D.What 10._ hard work it is!(1999 浙江)A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 11._ day it is!Its rainy again.(1999江西)A.How bad B.What a bad C.How fine D.What a fine 12._ great day July 1,1997 will be!(1999上海)A.How a B.What a C.How D.What 13._ expensive trousers!(1999 浙江)A.What B.What a C.How D.What an 14.The sun is shining.fine day it is!句尾常用感叹号亦可用句号朗读时用降调在口语中常用省略句有时只用一个词或词组如二感叹句的六种句式一般说来感叹句是由或开头的它有两个类型六种句式掌握了它的搭配即掌握了感叹句的重点用引导的感叹句有三种句式此时天气啊辅音音素前用那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊元音音素前用形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语他们是多么好的老师啊这些是多么美丽的啊形容词不可数名词主语谓语我们这儿的冰多厚啊这是一块多么圆的面包啊用开头的感叹句也热啊这些多么美丽啊副词主语谓语他工作多么努力啊她歌唱得多好啊学习必备欢迎下载主语谓语即谓语动词是行为动词她跳舞跳得多好啊注意和引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语谓语或其它句子成分三陈述句变感叹句全解如何学习必备 欢迎下载 A.How B.How a C.What D.What a 15.thick ice!Would you like to go skating?A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 16.cold it is today!A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 17.its blowing!A.What strong B.How strong C.How strongly D.What strongly 18._ they are playing in the playground!A.How happily B.How happy C.What happy D.What happy children 19.beautiful flowers!Where did you buy them?A.How B.What C.What a D.How a 20.honest Angela is!A.How a B.What an C.What a D.How 21.useful work she has done!A.What B.How C.What a D.How a 22._ girl she is!A.What bright a B.How a bright C.How bright a D.What bright 23._ weather we have today!A.A fine B.What a fine C.How a fine D.What fine 24._ careless he is!A.What B.How C.So much D.How much 25._ from Beijing to London!A.How long way it is B.What a long way is it C.How long way is it D.What a long way it is 26.Oh,John,_ you gave us!A.How a pleasant surprise B.How pleasant surprise C.What a pleasant surprise D.What pleasant surprise 句尾常用感叹号亦可用句号朗读时用降调在口语中常用省略句有时只用一个词或词组如二感叹句的六种句式一般说来感叹句是由或开头的它有两个类型六种句式掌握了它的搭配即掌握了感叹句的重点用引导的感叹句有三种句式此时天气啊辅音音素前用那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊元音音素前用形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语他们是多么好的老师啊这些是多么美丽的啊形容词不可数名词主语谓语我们这儿的冰多厚啊这是一块多么圆的面包啊用开头的感叹句也热啊这些多么美丽啊副词主语谓语他工作多么努力啊她歌唱得多好啊学习必备欢迎下载主语谓语即谓语动词是行为动词她跳舞跳得多好啊注意和引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语谓语或其它句子成分三陈述句变感叹句全解如何学习必备 欢迎下载 27._ useful work they have done!A.What B.How C.What a D.What an 28._ nice picture you gave me!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 29.exciting news!We will have long holiday after the exam.A.What an,a B.what,a C.How an,the D.How;the 30.An earthquake hit Indonesia yesterday.-terrible news!A.How a B.What a C.How D.What 31.Dad,do you like my picture?-!Its the nicest one Ive ever seen!A.What a strong boy B.How careful C.How wonderful D.What a brave boy 32.Jacky,look at that Japanese sumoist(相扑手).Wow,!A.How a fat man B.What a fat man C.How fat man D.What fat man 33.What it is!A.nice day B.nice weather C.a nice weather 34.Mrs Smith is!A.How kind woman B.What a kind woman C.What kind woman D.How a kind woman 35.piece of important information we have got!A.What a B.What C.What an D.How 二、用 what 与 how 填空 1.His handwriting is good._ good his handwriting is!2.These photos are nice._ nice these photos are!3.Betty sings well._ _ well Betty sings!4.They are working hard._hard they are working!5.Jenny was very disappointed when she saw this._disappointed Jenny was when she saw this.6.It is a wonderful concert _a wonderful concert it is!7.They looked worried._ worried they looked!句尾常用感叹号亦可用句号朗读时用降调在口语中常用省略句有时只用一个词或词组如二感叹句的六种句式一般说来感叹句是由或开头的它有两个类型六种句式掌握了它的搭配即掌握了感叹句的重点用引导的感叹句有三种句式此时天气啊辅音音素前用那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊元音音素前用形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语他们是多么好的老师啊这些是多么美丽的啊形容词不可数名词主语谓语我们这儿的冰多厚啊这是一块多么圆的面包啊用开头的感叹句也热啊这些多么美丽啊副词主语谓语他工作多么努力啊她歌唱得多好啊学习必备欢迎下载主语谓语即谓语动词是行为动词她跳舞跳得多好啊注意和引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语谓语或其它句子成分三陈述句变感叹句全解如何学习必备 欢迎下载 8.The young man speaks English well._well the young man speaks English!9.They are beautiful flowers._ beautiful flowers they are!10.It is a difficult problem._a difficult problem it is!11.Tom has strong arms._ strong arms Tom has!12.I missed my old friends very much._I missed my old friends!13.The children like their teacher very much._the children like their teacher!14.This kind of flower smells nice._nice this kind of flower smells!15.Time flies fast._ fast time flies!16.He works hard at his lessons._ hard he works at his lessons!三、把下列的句子改为感叹句。1.It is quite a nice present._ _ nice present!2.We have fine weather tod ay._ _weather we have today!3.Its sunny today._ _ sunny day it is today!4.The children are working hard._ _ the children are working!5.She played basketball wonderfully._ _ she played basketball!6.He is good at singing._ _ _he sings!7.He was doing well in dancing._ a _ dancer he was!8.Tom coughs badly._ _ _ cough Tom has!9.The fish is very lovel y._ _ the fish is!10.They live a happy life today._ _ _ _ life they live!感叹句巧解 1)若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用 what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用 what。2）若形容词后后紧跟 a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms 等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用 how 就 OK 了。如：例句 1：What a good boy he is!他是个多么好的男孩啊！/形容词 单数名词 句尾常用感叹号亦可用句号朗读时用降调在口语中常用省略句有时只用一个词或词组如二感叹句的六种句式一般说来感叹句是由或开头的它有两个类型六种句式掌握了它的搭配即掌握了感叹句的重点用引导的感叹句有三种句式此时天气啊辅音音素前用那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊元音音素前用形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语他们是多么好的老师啊这些是多么美丽的啊形容词不可数名词主语谓语我们这儿的冰多厚啊这是一块多么圆的面包啊用开头的感叹句也热啊这些多么美丽啊副词主语谓语他工作多么努力啊她歌唱得多好啊学习必备欢迎下载主语谓语即谓语动词是行为动词她跳舞跳得多好啊注意和引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语谓语或其它句子成分三陈述句变感叹句全解如何学习必备 欢迎下载 例句 2：What good boys they are!他们是多么好的男孩啊！/形容词 复数名词 例句 3：What cold weather it is!多么冷的天气啊！/形容词 不可数名词 例句 4：How good the boy is!这男孩多好啊！/形容词 乱糟糟 若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用 how.例：How well he plays the guitar!他吉他弹得多好啊！/副词（what 不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用 how）How time flies!How fast Liu Xiang runs 打油诗一首:感叹句往后看 形容词后是名单 就用 what a 或 what an 形后若是不可数或名复数 只用 what 就可以 形容词后乱糟糟 只写 how 就 OK 了 句尾常用感叹号亦可用句号朗读时用降调在口语中常用省略句有时只用一个词或词组如二感叹句的六种句式一般说来感叹句是由或开头的它有两个类型六种句式掌握了它的搭配即掌握了感叹句的重点用引导的感叹句有三种句式此时天气啊辅音音素前用那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊元音音素前用形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语他们是多么好的老师啊这些是多么美丽的啊形容词不可数名词主语谓语我们这儿的冰多厚啊这是一块多么圆的面包啊用开头的感叹句也热啊这些多么美丽啊副词主语谓语他工作多么努力啊她歌唱得多好啊学习必备欢迎下载主语谓语即谓语动词是行为动词她跳舞跳得多好啊注意和引起的感叹句在口语中常可以省略主语谓语或其它句子成分三陈述句变感叹句全解如何