基础语法代词及其考点 广东省高考复习语法填空之代词考点 练习含答案高考英语_-高考.pdf
基础语法-代词及其考点广东省高考复习-语法填空之代词考点 一、代词在高考中的考点 词在连续两年的广东高考语法填空中都有两个小题，占语法填空的五分之一。可见，代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大，是语法填空的重要内容。主要考点有：考点 1：人称代词 主格：I,you,she,he,it,we,you,they 宾格：me,you,her,him,it,us,you,them 人称代词的主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语。代词是用来指代人或事物的词。代词可分为下列八类：考点 2：物主代词 形容词性：my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their 名词性：mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,yours,theirs 形容词性物主代词只能在名词前作定语，名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语或与 of 连用作后置定语，但不能作定语。如：考点 3：反身代词 myself,yourself,herself,himself,itself,ourselves,yourselves,themselves 反身代词在句中可以作 enjoy,teach,hurt,buy,introduce 等动词和 by,for,to 等介词的宾语，还可以作主语或宾语的同位语，可译作“亲自，本人”，但不能作主语。考点 4：指示代词 指示词有 this,that,these,those,such 等。注意以下 4 点：(1)this,these 是时间或空间上的“近指”，可与 here 连用；that,those 是时间或空间上的“远指”，可与there 连用。(2)指上文提到的事一般用 that，有时也用 this，指下文的事只能用 this。(3)打电话时，用 this 来介绍自己，用 that 来问对方，不用 I 或 you。(4)this 和 that 还可表示程度，意为“如此，那么”，相当于 so，作状语。考点 5：疑问代词 疑问代词有 what,which,who,whom,where,when,whose等。用法要点如下：(1)what 除可用来询问人的身份外，一般指物；which 可指人也可指物；who,whom,whose一般指人。(2)有一定范围时，用 which，意为“(其中的)哪一个”，可接表范围的 of 短语；没有一定的范围时，用 what，意为“什么”，不能接 of 短语。考点 6：表示两者或多者的不定代词 注意：(1)表示完全否定可以说 noteither/any，但没有 either/anynot 的说法。(2)both/all 与 not 连用是部分否定，意为“并非都”。都 都不（一个也不）任一 两者 both neither either 多者 all none any(3)none 既可指人也可指物，可与 of 短语连用；而 no one(=nobody)只能指人，也不能与 of 短语连用。考点 7：表示“另外的”不定代词 说明：表示“别的，另外的”还有：(1)用于疑问词或复合不定代词后面的 else，其所有格形式是 elses。(2)既能指可数名词也可指不可数名词的 the rest(其余的)。但上表中的代词只能代替可数名词。考点 8：表示“每一”的 each和 every(1)each 强调个别，而 every 则用来概括全体，与 all 相当。因此，与 almost,nearly,without exception等连用时，可用 every,不能用 each。(2)each 可指两者，而 every 则不能。(3)each 还可用作代词，而 every 只能用作形容词，且只能作定语。(4)every 可表示“每(隔)”，但 each 不能 考点 9：表示“一些”的 some和 any(1)any 一般用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，或用于 never,hardly,without,if/whether等词之后。(2)some 用于肯定句中，或用于建议、请求、邀请的疑问句中，或用于希望对方作肯定回答的疑问句中，也用于表示反问的否定疑句中。如：Would you like some more bananas?你再吃点香蕉吗？考点 10：复合不定代词 复合不定代词是指由 every-,some-,any-,no-与-thing,-one,-body等构成的不定代词。注意以下几个问题：(1)复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词要用单数。(2)含-thing的，用 it 代替；含-body,-one的，一般用 they 代替，在正式文体中可用 he。(3)修饰复合不定代词的形容词要位于后面。如：something important 重要的事。(4)something,somebody/someone,anything还可作名词，意为“重要的事情(或人物)”。如：His wife is now somebody in television.他的妻子现在是电视界的大人物了。考点 11：替代词他 it,that,those,one(1)it 和 that 都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，但 it 指前面提到的“同一”事物，而 that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。(2)只能替代可数名词的 one 和 those。单数 复数 泛指 one a+单数可数名词 ones 复数名词 特指 the one=that the ones=those 单数 复数 泛指 another others 特指 the other the others 说明 还可以作定语 不可以作定语 填空中都有两个小题占语法填空的五分之一可见代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大是语法填空的重要内容主要考点有考点人称代词主格宾格人称代词的主格在句中作主语宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语代词是用来指代人或事物当于形容词性物主代词名词在句中作主语宾语表语或与连用作后置定语但不能作定语如考点反身代词反身代词在句中可以作等动词和等介词的宾语还可以作主语或宾语的同位语可译作亲自本人但不能作主语考点指示代词指示词有等文的事只能用打电话时用来介绍自己用来问对方不用或和还可表示程度意为如此那么相当于作状语考点疑问代词疑问代词有等用法要点如下可用来询问人的身份外一般指物可指人也可指物一般指人有一定范围时用意为其中的哪一个(the+单数可数名词)(the+复数名词)注：口语中，特别是当后面有 of 短语时，多用 that 或 those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用 one(s)。We kept seats for those who might arrive late.我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones 替代 the persons)The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall.苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that 替代不可数名词 the population，不能用 the one)考点 12：it 的用法(1)替代前面提到的同一事物。(2)替代前面整句话的内容。如：When the factory closes,it will mean 500 workers will be out of work.工厂一旦关闭,那就意味着要有500 工人失业。(3)指动物、婴儿，或在情景中确认的某人。(4)指时间、距离、气候、环境等。(5)作形式主语或形式宾语。如：(6)用于 it isthat强调结构中。二、有关代词在高考语法填空中的解题技巧 分析句子结构，若句子缺少主语，或者及物动词或介词后缺宾语，就可能是填代词。然后再根据各个代词的意义与用法的不同，选出符合语境的某一个代词填空。有的不定代词，如 another,the other,many,much,either,neither,both,any,all,each等还可以在名词前作定语。若名词前缺少定语时，根据意义和用法，以及主谓一致等，填入一个恰当的代词。实例分析 例 1I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused_36_.But she refused.(广东)例 2It is said that a short tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279)was very anxious to hope _33_rice crop growing up quicklyOne day,he came up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.(广东)例 3Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_.(全国)三、代词的考点突击 一、单句填空：用适当的代词填空或者根据汉语提示填空。1.I intended to compare notes with a friend,but unfortunately _couldnt spare me even one minute.(重庆)2.To save class time,our teacher has _ students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.(湖南)3.My grandma still treats me like a child.She cant imagine _ grown up.(重庆)4.The boy promised _mother never to lie to _again.(全国).Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of _.(全国).Is her hair shorter than _(我的)?(全国).Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt _ when it fell from its nest.(湖南)8.Isnt it amazing how the human body heals _ after an injury?(江西)9.My daughter often makes a schedule to get _ reminded of what she is to do in the day.(上海)10.Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_.(全国)填空中都有两个小题占语法填空的五分之一可见代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大是语法填空的重要内容主要考点有考点人称代词主格宾格人称代词的主格在句中作主语宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语代词是用来指代人或事物当于形容词性物主代词名词在句中作主语宾语表语或与连用作后置定语但不能作定语如考点反身代词反身代词在句中可以作等动词和等介词的宾语还可以作主语或宾语的同位语可译作亲自本人但不能作主语考点指示代词指示词有等文的事只能用打电话时用来介绍自己用来问对方不用或和还可表示程度意为如此那么相当于作状语考点疑问代词疑问代词有等用法要点如下可用来询问人的身份外一般指物可指人也可指物一般指人有一定范围时用意为其中的哪一个11.The mother didnt know _to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.(全国)12.There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy.(全国)13.It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which _ of the parents spoke the language.(北京)14.To know more about the British Museum,you can use the Internet or go to the library,or _.(天津)15.I had to buy _these books because I didnt know which one was the best.(上海)16.We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for _.(浙江)17.It is easy to do the repair._you need is a hammer and some nails.(天津)18.Id been expecting _letters the whole morning,but there werent _for me.(全国)19.These plants are watered _ other day.(全国)20.The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.(全国)21.My most famous relative of all,the _ who really left his mark on America,was Reb Sussel,my great-grandfather.(江苏)22.We had a picnic last term an d it was a lot of fun,so lets have _one this month.(天津)23.Both sides have accused the _ of breaking the contract.(上海)24.Some people like to stay at home on Sunday,but _like to go to the cinema.(全国)25.Shanghai is really a fascinating city and weve decided to stay for_ two weeks.(上海)26.First,it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone _.(湖北)27.Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and _ before you leave.(山东)28.The book is of great value._ can be enjoyed unless you digest it.(福建)29.Jim sold most of his things.He has hardly _ left in the house.(重庆)30.We havent enough books for _;some of you will have to share.(全国)31.I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it.To _ else,it was hard to make out.(上海)32._ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.(浙江)33.As the busiest woman in Norton,she made _her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.(湖南)34.Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(山东)35.I just wonder what _is that makes him so excited.(山东)36.He doesnt have _ furniture in his roomjust an old desk.(陕西)37.The schools music group will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two _ on the weekend.(安徽)38.He has made a lot of films,but _ good ones.(北京)39.Although hes wealthy,he spends _on clothes.(全国)二、语篇模拟：用适当的代词填空。One day,as Zeng Zis wife was going out,her child began to cry,begging to go with 1_.“Stay home,”the mother said to him.“When2_return,well kill a pig for 3_ dinner!“When she came back,4_ found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for the childs meal.She hurried over to stop 5_:“What are you doing?Youre not really going to kill a pig,are you?I was just kidding him!”“How can 6_ lie to children?”Zeng Zi replied.“7_ learn each and 8_ movement from 9_ parents.If 10_ deceive your child with lies,you are teaching the child to lie.One cannot educate chi ldren this way.”填空中都有两个小题占语法填空的五分之一可见代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大是语法填空的重要内容主要考点有考点人称代词主格宾格人称代词的主格在句中作主语宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语代词是用来指代人或事物当于形容词性物主代词名词在句中作主语宾语表语或与连用作后置定语但不能作定语如考点反身代词反身代词在句中可以作等动词和等介词的宾语还可以作主语或宾语的同位语可译作亲自本人但不能作主语考点指示代词指示词有等文的事只能用打电话时用来介绍自己用来问对方不用或和还可表示程度意为如此那么相当于作状语考点疑问代词疑问代词有等用法要点如下可用来询问人的身份外一般指物可指人也可指物一般指人有一定范围时用意为其中的哪一个In the end,Zeng Zi killed the pig.(练习含答案)实例分析 例 1I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused_36_.But she refused.(广东)思路分析：因(that)I had caused 是定语从句，先行词是 trouble,代表先行词 trouble 的关系代词 that在从句中作宾语，被省略了；由搭配 cause sb.trouble(给某人造成麻烦)可知，填 her 作擦 caused 的宾语。例 2It is said that a short tempered man in the Song Dynasty(960-1279)was very anxious to hope _33_rice crop growing up quicklyOne day,he came up with an idea that he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.(广东)思路分析：因 crop 是单数可数名词，前面必定是填限定词；由下文 pluck up all of his crop a few inches可知，这个急性子人是急于希望“他的”禾苗长得快。故填形容词性物主代词 his。例 3Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_.(全国)思路分析：能与 they 相呼应，并作 they 的同位语的，填反身代词 themselves。三、代词的考点突击 一、单句填空：用适当的代词填空或者根据汉语提示填空。1.I intended to compare notes with a friend,but unfortunately theycouldnt spare me even one minute.(重庆)2.To save class time,our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework.(湖南)3.My grandma still treats me like a child.She cant imagine me grown up.(重庆)4.The boy promised hismother never to lie to heragain.(全国).Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin oftheirs.(全国).Is her hair shorter than mine(我的)?(全国).Our neighbors gave us a baby bird yesterday that hurt itself when it fell from its nest.(湖南)8.Isnt it amazing how the human body heals itself after an injury?(江西)9.My daughter often makes a schedule to get herselfreminded of what she is to do in the day.(上海)10.Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it themselves.(全国)11.The mother didnt know whoto blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.(全国)12.There are so many kinds of tape-r ecorders on sale that I cant make up my mind whichto buy.(全国)13.It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which neither of the parents spoke the language.(北京)14.To know more about the British Museum,you can use the Internet or go to the library,or both.(天津)15.I had to buy allthese books because I didnt know which one was the best.(上海)16.We had three sets of garden tools and we seemed to have no use for any.(浙江)17.It is easy to do the repair.Allyou need is a hammer and some nails.(天津)18.Id been expecting someletters the whole morning,but there werent anyfor me.(全国)19.These plants are watered every other day.(全国)20.The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from that spoken in England.(全国)21.My most famous relative of all,the one who really left his mark on America,was Reb Sussel,my great-grandfather.(江苏)22.We had a picnic last term and it was a lot of fun,so lets have anotherone this month.(天津)23.Both sides have accused the other of breaking the contract.(上海)24.Some people like to stay at home on Sunday,but otherslike to go to the cinema.(全国)25.Shanghai is really a fascinating city and weve decided to stay foranother two weeks.(上海)填空中都有两个小题占语法填空的五分之一可见代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大是语法填空的重要内容主要考点有考点人称代词主格宾格人称代词的主格在句中作主语宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语代词是用来指代人或事物当于形容词性物主代词名词在句中作主语宾语表语或与连用作后置定语但不能作定语如考点反身代词反身代词在句中可以作等动词和等介词的宾语还可以作主语或宾语的同位语可译作亲自本人但不能作主语考点指示代词指示词有等文的事只能用打电话时用来介绍自己用来问对方不用或和还可表示程度意为如此那么相当于作状语考点疑问代词疑问代词有等用法要点如下可用来询问人的身份外一般指物可指人也可指物一般指人有一定范围时用意为其中的哪一个 26.First,it is important to recognize what kind of person you are and which special qualities make you different from everyone else.(湖北)27.Make sure youve got the passports and tickets and everything before you leave.(山东)28.The book is of great value.Nothing can be enjoyed unless you digest it.(福建)29.Jim sold most of his things.He has hardly anything left in the house.(重庆)30.We havent got enough books for everybody;some of you will have to share.(全国)31.I made so many changes in my composition that only I could read it.To anyone else,it was hard to make out.(上海)32.It is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.(浙江)33.As the busiest woman in Norton,she made ither duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town.(湖南)34.Id appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(山东)35.I just wonder what itis that makes him so excited.(山东)36.He doesnt have muchfurniture in his room just an old desk.(陕西)37.The schools music gr oup will be giving a big show tomorrow night and two more on the weekend.(安徽)38.He has made a lot of films,but few good ones.(北京)39.Although hes wealthy,he spends littleon clothes.(全国)二、语篇模拟：用适当的代词填空。One day,as Zeng Zis wife was going out,her child began to cry,begging to go with 1her.“Stay home,”the mother said to him.“When2Ireturn,well kill a pig for 3your dinner!“When she came back,4 she found Zeng Zi preparing to slaughter a pig for the childs meal.She hurried over to stop 5 him:“What are you doing?Youre not really going to kill a pig,are you?I was just kidding him!”“How can 6we lie to children?”Zeng Zi replied.“7 they learn each and 8every movement from 9their parents.If 10 you deceive your child with lies,you are teaching the child to lie.One cannot educate children this way.”In the end,Zeng Zi killed the pig.填空中都有两个小题占语法填空的五分之一可见代词在所有语法项目中占分的比例最大是语法填空的重要内容主要考点有考点人称代词主格宾格人称代词的主格在句中作主语宾格在句中作动词或介词的宾语代词是用来指代人或事物当于形容词性物主代词名词在句中作主语宾语表语或与连用作后置定语但不能作定语如考点反身代词反身代词在句中可以作等动词和等介词的宾语还可以作主语或宾语的同位语可译作亲自本人但不能作主语考点指示代词指示词有等文的事只能用打电话时用来介绍自己用来问对方不用或和还可表示程度意为如此那么相当于作状语考点疑问代词疑问代词有等用法要点如下可用来询问人的身份外一般指物可指人也可指物一般指人有一定范围时用意为其中的哪一个
