一般过去时态及动词过去式外语学习语法 _外语学习-语法 .pdf

学习必备 欢迎下载 一般过去时态及其用法：（1）概念：在过去某一时间或某一段时间发生的动作或存在的状态，要用一般过去式，它主要体现在句中的谓语动词上，谓语动词用过去式表示。（2）常用时间状语：yesterday,yesterday morning/afternoon/evening(昨天早上/下午/晚上)last+时间：如 last Monday/week/month/year/January/spring(春天)(上周一/周/月/，去年/去年一月/去年春天)that+时间：如 that day/afternoon/summer(那天/那天下午/那个暑假)时间+ago：如 a few minutes ago(几分钟以前),an hour ago(一个小时以前),two weeks ago(两周前),.years ago(几年前)。just now(刚才),before(以前),then/at that time(当时)in 1997(在 1997)，in February，2001，on May 2,2004(在 2004 年 5 月 2 日)；（3）结构：1）过去式 be 动词类：A：陈述句：主语+谓语动词(waswere)表语。They were in the classroom a moment ago.(他们刚才在教室里。)B：一般疑问句：将 be 的过去式 waswere 提到主语前，句尾加问号。Were they in the classroom a moment ago?(回答用 Yes,_或 No,_)C：特殊问句：特殊疑问词一般疑问句?(回答用句子。)D：否定句：在 be 的过去式 waswere 后加 not，可缩写成 wasnt werent 即可。They werent in the classroom a moment ago.2)过去式行为动词类：A：陈述句：主语谓语动词(规则动词 ved 或不规则动词)宾语状语。They sang songs in the classroom a moment ago.(他们刚才在教室里唱歌。)B：一般疑问句：在陈述句前加 did，将句中谓语动词的过去式变成原形，句尾加问号。Did they sing in the classroom a moment ago?(回答用 Yes，_或，No，_)C：特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词一般疑问句?(回答用句子。)D：否定句：在陈述句主语和谓语动词之间加助动词 did not，可缩写成 didnt。They didnt sing in the classroom a moment ago.（4）动词过去式的规则变化：1）一般动词，加-ed，例如：workworked 2）以 e 结尾的动词，加 d,例如：live lived 3）以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，变 y 为 i 再加 ed，例如：studystudied 学习必备 欢迎下载 4）以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed，例如：stopstopped （5）动词过去式不规则变化表：A 过去式 过去分词 arise 上升 arose arisen awake 唤醒 awoke/awakened awoken B be 是 was/were been bear 搬运，生(小孩)bore born/borne beat 打 beat beaten/beat become 变成 became become befall 降临 befell befallen begin 开始 began begun behold 看 beheld beheld bend 弯曲 bent bent bet 打赌 bet/betted bet/betted bid 命令 bade/bid bidden/bid bind 捆绑 bound bound bite 咬 bit bitten bleed 流血 bled bled blow 吹 blew blown break 打破 broke broken breed 养育 bred bred bring 拿来 brought brought broadcast 广播 broadcast broadcast build 建筑 built built burn 烧 burnt/burned burnt/burned buy 买 bought bought C cast 投,扔,cast cast catch 抓住 caught caught choose 选择 chose chosen cling 缠着 clung clung come 来 came come cost 花费 cost cost creep 爬行 crept crept 去式它主要体现在句中的谓语动词上谓语动词用过去式表示常用时间状语昨天早上下午晚上时间如春天上周一周月去年去年一月去年春天时间如那天那天下午那个暑假时间如几分钟以前一个小时以前两周前几年前刚才以前当时在在号回答用或特殊问句特殊疑问词一般疑问句回答用句子否定句在的过去式后加可缩写成即可过去式行为动词类陈述句主语谓语动词规则动词或不规则动词宾语状语他们刚才在教室里唱歌一般疑问句在陈述句前加将句中谓语动词的过之间加助动词可缩写成动词过去式的规则变化一般动词加例如以结尾的动词加例如以辅音字母加结尾的动词变为加例如学习必备欢迎下载以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节要双写辅音字母再加例如动词过去式不规则学习必备 欢迎下载 cut 切 cut cut D deal 处理 dealt dealt dig 挖 dug dug dive 潜水 dived/dove dived do 做 did done draw 画；拖,拉 drew drawn dream 做梦 dreamt/dreamed dreamt/dreamed drink 喝 drank drunk drive 驾驶 drove driven dwell 居住 dwelt/dwelled dwelt/dwelled E eat 吃 ate eaten F fall 落下 fell fallen feed 喂食 fed fed feel 感觉 felt felt fight 打仗；搏斗 fought fought find 发现 found found fit 合适 fit fit flee 逃跑 fled fled fly 飞 flew flown forbid 禁止 forbade forbidden forecast 预测 forecast forecast foresee 预见 foresaw foreseen foretell 预示 foretold foretold forget 忘记 forgot forgotten forgive 原谅 forgave forgiven forsake 遗弃 forsook forsaken freeze（使）冻结，（使）结冰 froze frozen G get 得到 got gotten/got give 给予 gave given go 去 went gone grind 磨 ground ground grow 成长 grew grown 去式它主要体现在句中的谓语动词上谓语动词用过去式表示常用时间状语昨天早上下午晚上时间如春天上周一周月去年去年一月去年春天时间如那天那天下午那个暑假时间如几分钟以前一个小时以前两周前几年前刚才以前当时在在号回答用或特殊问句特殊疑问词一般疑问句回答用句子否定句在的过去式后加可缩写成即可过去式行为动词类陈述句主语谓语动词规则动词或不规则动词宾语状语他们刚才在教室里唱歌一般疑问句在陈述句前加将句中谓语动词的过之间加助动词可缩写成动词过去式的规则变化一般动词加例如以结尾的动词加例如以辅音字母加结尾的动词变为加例如学习必备欢迎下载以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节要双写辅音字母再加例如动词过去式不规则学习必备 欢迎下载 H hang 悬挂，吊；吊死 hung/hanged hung/hanged have 有 had had hear 听 heard heard hide 藏 hid hidden hit 打 hit hit hold 抓住 held held hurt 伤害 hurt hurt I input 输入 input input inset 嵌入 inset inset K keep 保持 kept kept kneel 跪 knelt/kneeled knelt/kneeled knit 编织 knit/knitted knit/knitted know 知道 knew known L lay 放，产（蛋，卵）laid laid lead 引导 led led lean 倾斜 leaned/leant leaned/leant leap 跳 leapt/leaped leapt/leaped learn 学习 learned/learnt learned/learnt leave 离开 left left lend 借 lent lent let 让 let let lie 躺 lay lain light 点燃 lit/lighted Lit/lighted lose 失去 lost lost M make 制造 made made mean 意指 meant meant meet 遇见 met met mistake 弄错 mistook mistaken misunderstand 误解 misunderstood misunderstood O overcast 遮蔽(天空)overcast overcast 去式它主要体现在句中的谓语动词上谓语动词用过去式表示常用时间状语昨天早上下午晚上时间如春天上周一周月去年去年一月去年春天时间如那天那天下午那个暑假时间如几分钟以前一个小时以前两周前几年前刚才以前当时在在号回答用或特殊问句特殊疑问词一般疑问句回答用句子否定句在的过去式后加可缩写成即可过去式行为动词类陈述句主语谓语动词规则动词或不规则动词宾语状语他们刚才在教室里唱歌一般疑问句在陈述句前加将句中谓语动词的过之间加助动词可缩写成动词过去式的规则变化一般动词加例如以结尾的动词加例如以辅音字母加结尾的动词变为加例如学习必备欢迎下载以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节要双写辅音字母再加例如动词过去式不规则学习必备 欢迎下载 overcome 克服 overcame overcome overdraw 透支 overdrew overdrawn overeat 吃得过饱 overate overeaten overhear 无意中听到 overheard overheard overpay 给过多报酬 overpaid overpaid oversee 监督 oversaw overseen oversleep 睡过头 overslept overslept overtake 追上，超过 overtook overtaken overthrow 打倒 overthrew overthrown P pay 支付 paid paid plead 恳求 pled/pleaded pled/pleaded prove 证明 proved proven/proved put 放 put put Q quit 放弃，离开，辞职 quit/quitted quit/quitted R read 读 read read rebuild 重建 rebuilt rebuilt repay 偿还 repaid repaid reset 重放 reset reset rewrite 重写 rewrote rewritten ride 骑 rode ridden ring 按铃 rang rung rise 升起 rose risen run 跑 ran run S say 说 said said see 看 saw seen seek 寻找 sought sought sell 卖 sold sold send 送 sent sent set 放置 set set sew 缝纫 sewed sewn/sewed shake 搖 shook shaken shine 發光 shined/shone shined/shone 去式它主要体现在句中的谓语动词上谓语动词用过去式表示常用时间状语昨天早上下午晚上时间如春天上周一周月去年去年一月去年春天时间如那天那天下午那个暑假时间如几分钟以前一个小时以前两周前几年前刚才以前当时在在号回答用或特殊问句特殊疑问词一般疑问句回答用句子否定句在的过去式后加可缩写成即可过去式行为动词类陈述句主语谓语动词规则动词或不规则动词宾语状语他们刚才在教室里唱歌一般疑问句在陈述句前加将句中谓语动词的过之间加助动词可缩写成动词过去式的规则变化一般动词加例如以结尾的动词加例如以辅音字母加结尾的动词变为加例如学习必备欢迎下载以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节要双写辅音字母再加例如动词过去式不规则学习必备 欢迎下载 shoot 射 shot shot show 显示 showed shown/showed shrink 起皱；畏缩 shrank/shrunk shrunk shut 关闭 shut shut sing 唱 sang sung sit 坐 sat sat slay 杀死 slew slain sleep 睡 slept slept smell 闻 smelled/smelt smelled/smelt speak 说 spoke spoken speed 加速 sped/speeded sped/speeded spell 拼 spelled/spelt spelled/spelt spend 花费 spent spent spread 展开 spread spread spring 跳跃 sprang/sprung sprung stand 站立 stood stood steal 偷 stole stolen stick 刺，戳；粘（钉，卡）住 stuck stuck sting 叮 stung stung strew 撒播 strewed strewn/strewed stride 大踏步走 strode stridden strike 打 struck struck/stricken string 缚，扎 strung strung strive 努力 strove/strived striven/strived swear 发誓 swore sworn sweep 扫 swept swept swim 游泳 swam swum swing 摇摆 swung swung T take 拿 took taken teach 教 taught taught tear 撕破 tore torn tell 告訴 told told think 想 thought thought throw 丢掷 threw thrown thrust 用力推 thrust thrust 去式它主要体现在句中的谓语动词上谓语动词用过去式表示常用时间状语昨天早上下午晚上时间如春天上周一周月去年去年一月去年春天时间如那天那天下午那个暑假时间如几分钟以前一个小时以前两周前几年前刚才以前当时在在号回答用或特殊问句特殊疑问词一般疑问句回答用句子否定句在的过去式后加可缩写成即可过去式行为动词类陈述句主语谓语动词规则动词或不规则动词宾语状语他们刚才在教室里唱歌一般疑问句在陈述句前加将句中谓语动词的过之间加助动词可缩写成动词过去式的规则变化一般动词加例如以结尾的动词加例如以辅音字母加结尾的动词变为加例如学习必备欢迎下载以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节要双写辅音字母再加例如动词过去式不规则学习必备 欢迎下载 tread 踏 trod trodden,trod U understand 了解 understood understood undertake 从事 undertook undertaken uphold 高举 upheld upheld upset 打翻 upset upset W wake 醒来 woke/waked woken/waked wear 穿 wore worn weave 织 wove woven wed 结婚 wed/wedded wed/wedded weep 哭泣 wept wept wet 弄湿 wet/wetted wet/wetted win 获胜 won won wind 缠，绕 wound wound withdraw 撤销，撤退 withdrew withdrawn write 写 wrote written 去式它主要体现在句中的谓语动词上谓语动词用过去式表示常用时间状语昨天早上下午晚上时间如春天上周一周月去年去年一月去年春天时间如那天那天下午那个暑假时间如几分钟以前一个小时以前两周前几年前刚才以前当时在在号回答用或特殊问句特殊疑问词一般疑问句回答用句子否定句在的过去式后加可缩写成即可过去式行为动词类陈述句主语谓语动词规则动词或不规则动词宾语状语他们刚才在教室里唱歌一般疑问句在陈述句前加将句中谓语动词的过之间加助动词可缩写成动词过去式的规则变化一般动词加例如以结尾的动词加例如以辅音字母加结尾的动词变为加例如学习必备欢迎下载以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节要双写辅音字母再加例如动词过去式不规则