Unit 1 Science and scientists Part 3 Using Language 同步练习 2021-2022学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第二册.docx

Unit 1 Part 3 Using Language 基础过关练I .单词拼写1.Strong （领导才能）is needed to captain（担任的队长）this team.2 .The player1 s （杰出的）performance left a deep impression on everyone present.3 .The professor's （抽象的）theory is hard for us to understand.4 .To adapt to the rapid economic development, China has put forward some new development （观念）.5.1 have got （生动的）memories of my happy childhood.6.A11 the teachers are satisfied with your （绝妙的）performance in the speech contest.7.Sheng Xiaohan, a high school student in Shanghai, is outgoing and kind, and C.Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.D.Informing people of the success of the surgery.4.What is the best title of this passage?A.The Neural Lace, a New Type of BMI B.Elon Musk, the Hero of Human Beings C.Artificial Intelligence, the Way to Survive D.A Brain Implant, a Step to Control Machines n.七选五How to Succeed in ScienceTo succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. In my view, you have to combine intelligence with a willingness not to follow conventions when they block your forward path. Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must always turn to people who are brighter than you. It's like playing any game. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyone who was as bad as I was. If you win, it gives you no pleasure. And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isn't simply to win;it's to win at something really difficult. 2Take risks.To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared to get into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump in science, you will very likely be unqualified to succeed by definition. 3 This can be more than personally upsetting.Never do anything that bores you.My experience in science is that someone is always telling you to do things, and then leaves you alone. I'm not good enough to do well in something I dislike. 4Its very hard to succeed if you don't want to be with other scientists, because you have to go to key meetings where you spot key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chat with your competitors, even if you find them objectionable.So my final rule is: 5 A.Meet challenges with great courage. B.If you can't stand being with your real peers, get out of science.C.Put another way, it's to go somewhere beyond your ability and come out on top. D.Make sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.E.Avoid foolish people.F.In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like.G.Besides, you even have to be prepared to disbelieve your scientific heroes.1. 2. 3. 4.5.in.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落 开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Catherine Svilicic never would have guessed her adopted rescue dog Khan would show aggression （攻击）towards her young 17-month-old baby, Charlotte!The day began with the usual playtime outside. Although baby Charlotte had her parents watching from a distance, they did not notice anything out of the ordinary. Charlotte and the new dog had been making a habit of playing like this. However, things were different that day. Catherine watched as Khan threw her baby across their backyard! Why was Khan acting as though the lovely child was a threat? Catherine watched him drag her child, hoping he would stop. Sadly, it seemed that Catherine needed to immediately intervene because this was only the beginning. He tightly bit into her diaper （纸尿裤）to throw her back and forth. This is when things got out of hand. Certainly, Catherine was angry with Khan for throwing her girl. However, something deep down told Catherine there was more to this than what they were seeing. Little did she know that these doubts would turn out to be true.But her baby was still in great danger. Catherine noted that her baby seemed a target. That moment she mentioned when the dog sank his teeth into Charlotte's diaper and used his strength to throw her baby like "a doll” was terrifying! Luckily, those teeth did not go near her skin, especially her face and the baby was actually quite calm. Perhaps, the baby understood something about Khan's intentions.Catherine knew that she needed to act fast and catch her poor child. Something happening to Khan next that confused the whole family.While the baby stayed calm, others could not help but panic. Charlotte's mother said, “Had I not seen it with my very own eyes, Pd never have believed it." Therefore, she ran to Charlotte and carried her to safety.注意:续写词数应为15。左右。Paragraph 1:While Catherine brought her baby to shelter. Khan barked madly and then fell do wn.Paragraph 2:Finally, the whole family realized Khan was a hero of attacking a poisonoussnake.参考答案基础过关练I .leadership 2. out standing 3. abstract4 .concepts5 .vivid 6.brilliant 7. furthermore 8. fault9 .transform10 . defendII .l.in charge of 2.broke out ing down with 4.above all 5.take onIII. 1.vividly 考查词性转换。句意:这个真实 的故事把两个年轻人的残酷刻画得入木三 分。修饰is brought to life应该用副词。故填 vividly。2.gifted考查词性转换。句意:郎朗是一位有 天赋的钢琴家，他一直在努力提高自己。分析 句子结构可知，设空处在主句中作定语修饰 pianist,故填形容词gifted,意为“有天赋的”。3.steadily考查词性转换。句意:在过去几年 里，这家公司的出口产品的数量一直在稳步 增长。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作状 语修饰 has been increasing,故填副词 steadily, 意为“平稳地，稳定地”。4.assistant考查名词。句意:现在我的助手 会为你展示如何高效地使用这台机器。设空 处在句中作主语，应用名词，故填assistant,意 为“助手，助理”。5.shift考查非谓语动词。此处指电影院与 互联网的“蚕食”作斗争,看着越来越多的年 轻人将兴趣转移到视频分享应用软件上。此 处为 see sb. do sth.结构，故填 shiftoIV. 1.WhileAVhen reading 2.are strong enough to 3.to save4.What we can't get（止匕夕卜）,he always steps up whenever people need help.8 .According to the report, the moon is turning red, and it's likely Earth's （过错）.9 .To our amazement, he refused to （转 变）his idea.10 .Researchers are trying to find out what to do to d the patient from the virusfs further possible attacks.n.选词填空break out;in charge of;come down with;above all;take on1 .rd like to speak to the person who is this program.2 .When World War I , he decided to join the army immediately.3.1 have been coughing these days, so I think I amflu.V. 1 .greater考查形容词比较级。句意:或许 没有其他科学家比钱学森对中国的航天科 学影响更大了。由后文中的than可以判断 设空处应用形容词比较级，故填greatero注意: 否定词与形容词比较级连用表示最高级的 含义。2 .who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知， 2 served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion是个非限制性定 语从句，修饰先行词man,且从句中缺少主语， 故填whoo3 .for考查介词。句意:1935年，他去美国深 造，然后在那里工作。further study意为“深 造”，此处应用介词for,表示“为了”。4 .overcoming 考查动名词。句意:在克服了 一些困难之后，他于1955年返回中国。After为介词，其后应接动名词。故填 overcoming。5 . returned 考查动词的时态。句意:在克服了 一些困难之后，他于1955年回到中国o 分析句子结构可知，设空处充当谓语,根据时 间状语in 1955可知此处用一般过去时，故填 returned。6 .asked考查状语从句的省略。句意:当被问 到“我们中国人有可能制造导弹吗? ”，他的回 答是“为什么不能呢?''分析句子结构可知，止匕 处完整的表达为:When he was asked "Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”, 故填 asked。7 .his考查代词。句意:在他的领导下，中国 成功地研制了自己的导弹、火箭和人造卫星。分析句子结构可知，设空处作定语修饰名词 leadership,故用形容词性物主代词his。8.successfully 考查词性转换。句意:在他的 领导下，中国成功地研制了自己的导弹、火箭 和人造卫星。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状 语修饰动词developed,故用副词successfullyo 9.what考查名词性从句。句意:然而,使他成 为一位杰出的、富有创造力的科学家的可能 是他对其他东西的兴趣，比如音乐和绘画，这 为他的科学研究提供了灵感。分析句子结构 可知，9made him an outstanding andcreative scientist是一个主语从句，且从句中 缺少主语,表示“的事情”，故用连接代词 whato 10.inspiration 考查词性转换。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，设空处作及物动词gave 的直接宾语，故填名词inspiration,意为“启发, 灵感，激励”。能力提升练I.本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了埃 隆马斯克提出的新型脑机接口的想法，并从 现今研究成果和未来应用前景方面进行了 详细说明。1.B推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Elon Musk.has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.”和第二段 中的"On July 16th5 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)”可知埃 隆马斯克经常能提出前所未闻的想法，故选 Bo由文章第二段的第二句可知电极要有弹 性是为了使它们不伤害大脑组织并且它们 本身能够持续很长时间，所以A项错误;由文 章第二段的第一句可知神经织网是被用来 从大脑中捕获信息，而非存储，所以B项错误; 由文章第二段的最后一句可知，为了使如此 多的电极的植入变得安全、无痛和有效，这个 过程必须是自动化的，所以D项错误。2.B词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“They designed a small device that would sit behind someone's ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate.”可知，现在设计的小设备安装在 人的耳后，从植入的芯片中收集信息，然后以 合适的方式传出去。表明现在的应用较为复 杂。画线词所在句与现在形成对比，表明几年 后，这项技术会变得和现在戴无线耳机一样 普遍。故选B。3 .A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but persuading people that the necessary surgery.is actually a good idea.“可 知，最大的阻碍可能不是编写软件，而是说服 人们接受必要的外科手术。故选A。4 .A 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“OnJuly 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)”可知 2019 年 7 月16日，他介绍了 一种新型脑机接口。接下 来全文围绕新型脑机接口伊乂1)进行展开说 明，因此可知A项“神经织网,一种新型的脑 机接口”可以概括文章中心。II.本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何在 科学上取得成功。1 .E根据空后的内容可知，作者认为只有和 比自己聪明的人在一起才能学到东西，所以 本段建议避免和愚蠢的人在一起。故选E。2 .C根据设空处前一句话可知，作者认为在 科学或生活的游戏中，最高的目标不仅仅是 获胜，而是做成一些非常困难的事情。换句话 说，最高目标是去超出自己能力范围的领域 并名列前茅。C选项是对前一句话的进一步 解释。3 .G根据设空处前文可知，作者认为如果想 取得巨大成功，科学家必须准备好陷入很深 的困境中。如果你要在科学上有一个巨大的 飞跃，你很可能没有资格获得成功。此外，甚 至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄，也就 是要勇于质疑权威。故G选项符合语境。4 .F根据设空处前一句话中的do well in something I dislike可知,在科学研究中，对于 自己不喜欢的事情作者做不好，但对于自己 喜欢的事情作者也不一定能做好。故选F。5 .B根据前一段的内容可知,作者建议要和 其他科学家交流，从而发现自己忽略的关键 事实。甚至要和你的竞争对手交流，即使你觉 得他们令人反感。因此本段建议如果你无法 忍受与你真正相匹敌的人一起工作，你就不 要进行科学研究了。故选B。III.One possible version:Paragraph 1:While Catherine brought her baby to shelter. Khan barked madly and then fell down. No one understood what was going on! The dog continued crying and then fell almostlifeless. Now this sent Catherine into panic. She focused on the dog, watching his dying eyes, and realized Khan needed emergency care. All of a sudden, she saw a snake not far from Khan. Obviously, Khan had been protecting her child instead of attacking her. Paragraph 2:Finally, the whole family realized Khan was a hero of attacking a poisonous snake. It turned out that Khan was protecting Charlotte from a deadly, poisonous snake even though living with the family for only four days. Thus, it was lucky that Khan caught the snake and did save that baby's life, showing his unconditional love. With the rest of the family watching in shock, Catherine hurried to take the dog to the vet's. Fortunately, Khan, this heroic animal, impressed even the vet with his rapid recovery and progress. How happy the grateful family were!4.1 want to buy a house一modern, comfortable and in a quiet neighborhood.5.His assistant will have to most of his work while he is absent.ni.单句语法填空1 .The cruelty of two young men is (vivid)brought to life in this true story.2 .Lang Lang is a (gift) pianist who has been working hard to improve himself.3 .The number of the company's exports has been increasing (steady) in the past several years.4 .Now my (assist) will show you how to use this machine efficiently.5 .Even before the outbreak, cinemas struggled with the Internet "encroaching”, seeing more and more youngsters (shift)interest to video-sharing apps.IV .完成句子L读书时，他时不时地点头。the book, he nodded from time to time.2 .我相信你足够强大，能应对这些挑战。I believe you deal with these challenges.3 .为了拯救病人的生命，医生们彻夜工作。Doctors worked through the night the lives of patients.4 .我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的更好。 seems better than what we have.V.课文语法填空The Father of China1 s AerospacePerhaps no other scientist has had a (great) impact on China's aerospace science than Qian Xuesen. He was a well-respected man, 2 served his homeland with effort, achievement, and devotion. Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian attended schools in Beijing and Shanghai. In 1935, he went to the US 3 further study and then worked there. After 4(overcome) some difficulties, he 5 (return) to China in 1955, and was put in charge of developing China* s rocket science as well as the space and missile programme. Faced with challenges, Qian didn't feel discouraged. When 6 (ask) “Can we Chinese possibly make missiles?”，his reply was “Why not?” Under 7 (he) leadership, China developed its own missiles, rockets, and man-made satellites 8 (success). Qian was knowledgeable. However, 9 made him an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his interest in other things like music and drawing, which gave him 10 (inspire) in scientific research. The whole country was saddened by Qian's death in 2009.1. 2. 3. 4.5. 7. 8. 9.10.能力提升练I .阅读理解Elon Musk, perhaps the world's most brilliant businessman, has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds of believability.On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type of brain-machine interface(BMI), starting from the design of "neural lace(神经织网)”，a net of thin electrodes(电 极)that capture the information from the brain. However, the electrodes must be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue and will last for a long time. And to make the implantation（植入）of so many electrodes safe, painless and effective, the process has to be automated.Mr. Musk's team does indeed seem to have made progress towards these goals. Their presentation includes videos of a robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robot grabs "threads"，and shoots them deep into the brain through a hole. The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signals from as many as 3,072 electrodes.With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm now hopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness and paralysis. They designed a small device that would sit behind someone's ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate. In a few years, using a brain implant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearing wireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lace will allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus enabling the species to survive.Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have a habit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, at least the concept that some machines will come under the direct control of human brains seems possible to be carried out. The biggest barrier to this happening will probably not be writing the software needed to interpret brainwaves, but persuading people that the necessary surgery, whether by the sewing machine or otherwise, is actually a good idea.1 .We can learn from the first two paragraphs that .A.electrodes should be flexible to extend lifeB.Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideasC.neural lace is used to store information from the brainD.electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons2 .What does the underlined word "prevalent” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A.Useful. B. Common.C. Professional.D. Appropriate.3 .What is the hardest part of carrying out BMI?A.Convincing people to accept the surgery.B.Developing devices to perform the surgery.