湖北省仙桃一中2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）.docx

湖北省仙桃一中2019-2020学年高二英语下学期期中试题（含解析）（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）.第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What made the man most excited at the party?A. The tasty food.B. The wonderful music.C. The chance to meet his friends.2. How will the woman probably go to Frazier' s Department Store?C. On foot.C. A musician.A. By bus.B. By taxi.3. What are the speakers talking about?A. A theater.B. A movie.4. How does the woman feel about the man?A. Confident.B. Worried.C. Disappointed.5. Where are the speakers?A. On a plane.B. On a bus.C. In a car.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Why doesn' t the man buy the light blue jeans?A. They are too large.B. They are expensive.C. They don' t match his T-shirt.7. How much will the man pay?A. $39.B. $59.C. $ 69.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。推理判断题。根据第五段中“There' s actually, for many people, physical pain in wanting to help our heart goes out to them,（事实上，对很多人来说，想要帮助别人会有身体上的痛苦 我们 的心会同情他们，）”和 uOthers call it “the hope gap”，which refers to the phenomenon that we feel surrounded by problems.（另一些人称之为“希望鸿沟”，指的是我们感到被问题包围的现象。）” 由此可知，作者在第5段引用了 Figley的话，主要是为了解释人们如何受到坏消息的影响。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“change the scenery. Leave the room where you get news and negative information. Better yet, go for a walk. Don' t let news into the parts of your life that are meant for socializing or relaxing.（改变风景。离开你获得新闻和负面信息的房间。最好是去散散步。 不要让新闻进入你生活中原本应该用来社交或放松的部分。）”由此可知，作者建议人们通过找一个放松 的环境来处理由负面信息引起的压力。故选C。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中“Lighten up, just enjoy life, smile more, laugh more（放轻松,享 受生活，多笑，多笑。）”也就是“不要烦恼。”由此推知划线词worked up的意思是“烦恼”。故选B。DYou know the old phrase, uPractice makes perfect. " That may not always be true. According to a recent study published in Royal Society Open Science, there are other factors for reaching elite （最优秀的）levels of ability.The researchers set out to replicate （复制）the process of a now-famous 1993 study of top-level violinists and pianists. On average, the earlier study found that top-ranked musicians had clocked over 10, 000 hours of practice by the age of 20. It believed their success was due to the hours spent practicing, not because of natural talent, learning skills and other factors.Author Malcolm Gladwell called 10,000 hours “the magic number of greatnessv .Questioning this conclusion, Brooke Macnamara and Megha Maitra, from Case Western Reserve University in Ohio, US, sought volunteers to put the 10,000-hour rule to the test.The pair organized violinists into three groups, based on whether their tutors rated them as the best players, good players, or average players. They were then told to record how long they practiced every week.They found that the “average“ players had around 6,000 hours of practice. However, there was little separating the good from the best musicians. Both groups had approximately 11,000 10/23hours of practice by the age of 20.“Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference, “ Macnamara told the Guardian. Smaller factors then determine who goes on to that super-elite level."“The factors depend on the skill being learned: in chess it could be intelligence or working memory, in sport it may be how efficiently a person uses oxygen, “ she said. She also pointed out the factor of motivation and the interactions of different factors.It should be said that neither side discounts the value of making an effort. Even if you aren? t destined （命中注定的）to be the world, s greatest violinist, practice will make you a little bit better than you were yesterday.13. What can we learn from the 1993 study?A. The 10,000-hour rule applies to everything.B. Practice is the key to mastering a skill.C. Natural talent is particularly important for musicians.D. It' s better to learn an instrument at a young age.14. What did the study by Macnamara and Maitra find?A. The three groups of violinists varied a lot in their practice times.B. The mastering of different skills required different hours of practice.C. Motivation and talent determined whether one could become an elite violinist.D. Practice time didn' t make much difference between “the best" and “good" violinists.15. The underlined word“discounts” probably meansB. provesD. considersA. ignoresC. recognizes【答案】13. B 14. D 15. A【解析】 这是一篇议论文。老话说，“熟能生巧”。这可能并不总是对的。根据最近发表在英国皇家学会开放科 学(Royal Society Open Science)杂志上的一项研究，还有其他因素会影响学生达到更高的能力水平。文章对此进行了论述。但无论如何双方都没有低估努力的价值。【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“On average, the earlier study found that top-ranked musicians had clocked over 10,000 hours of practice by the age of 20. It believed their success was due to the hours spent practicing, not because of natural talent, learning skills and other factors.（早 期的研究发现，顶级音乐家在20岁时平均练习时间超过1万小时。它认为，他们的成功是由于花了几个 小时的练习，而不是由于自然天赋，学习技能和其他因素。）”由此可知，从1993年的研究发现“实践是 掌握一项技能的关键。”故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段 “They found that the “average" players had around 6, 000 hours of practice. However, there was little separating the good from the best musicians. Both groups had approximately 11, 000 hours of practice by the age of 20.（他们发现,“平均”玩家有大约 6000 小 时的练习时间。然而，优秀的音乐家和最优秀的音乐家之间并没有什么区别。到20岁时，两组都有大约 11000小时的练习时间。）”由此可知，练习时间对“最好的”和“好的”小提琴手没有太大区别。故选D。【15题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“Even if you aren' t destined （命中注定的）to be the worldJ s greatest violinist, practice will make you a little bit better than you were yesterday.（即使你不是注 定要成为世界上最伟大的小提琴家，练习也会让你比昨天好一点点。”'也就是说“双方都没有低估努力 的价值。”由此可知，划线词的意思是“忽视”。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. 16According to scientists, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments （色素）, such as red or yellow carotenoid （类胡萝 卜素）and blue or purple anthocyanin （花青素）.These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit? s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.17 They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. Instead of just growing in one place, you can find them growing in many places around the world. Blue and purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. 18 The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.19 Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. However, animals see colors in a different way. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develop colors that are easy for animals to see. Forexample, birds can see red more easily than humans can. 20 The lemurs （狐猴）of Madagascar are red-green color blind. Many yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color.A. How does temperature influence fruit colors?B. These fruits tend to grow a lot in just one specific area.C. Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors?D. However, a darker color doesn' t mean a better kind of fruit.E. So there tends to be more red fruit in areas where birds live.F. Animals have also had an influence on the evolution of fruit colors.G. Scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors to find out how environment affects fruit colors.【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. F 20. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。水果有很多不同的颜色，文章介绍了不同种类的水果为什么有这么多颜色。 【16题详解】根据上文提示“从红色的苹果和黄色的柠檬到蓝莓和绿色的瓜，水果有很多不同的颜色。”承接上文，C 项Why do different kinds of fruit have so many colors?（为什么不同种类的水果有这么多颜色？） 切题。故选C。【17题详解】根据下文提示“他们发现红色的水果往往生长在较冷的地方。”承接下文，G项Scientists studied more than 280 different fruit colors to find out how environment affects fruit colors.（科学家们 研究了超过280种不同的水果颜色，以找出环境是如何影响水果颜色的。）切题。故选G。【18题详解】根据上文提示“蓝色和紫色的水果大多生长在温暖的地方。”再根据下文提示“科学家们还发现，越靠近 赤道的果实颜色越深。“承接上下文，B 项 These fruits tend to grow a lot in just one specific area.（这些水果往往只在一个特定的地区大量生长。）切题。故选B。【19题详解】根据下文提示“动物吃水果，然后把种子撒到其他地方。”承接下文，F项Animals have also had an influence on the evolution of fruit colors.（动物对水果颜色的进化也有影响。）切题。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文提示“例如,鸟类比人类更容易看到红色。”承接上文,E项So there tends to be more red fruitin areas where birds live.（因此，鸟类生活的地区往往有更多的红色水果。）切题。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分,满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last May I went to a lake with my family. I thought it would be a normal fun day of swimming, but I was 21My brothers and my uncle were with me in a shallow swimming area with a net and a 22 The rest of my family ate lunch on a nearby bench. I felt very 23.I was sitting in the shallow water with my feet facing the deeper end, when something hit my 24 I knew it was an alligator （短吻鱼号）as soon as it bit me. Its teeth were so 25 ! I started crying out loud for 26 , but my family didn, t hear me. I started to 27 the nine-foot-long alligator and then I 28 some thing I learned at an alligator education park: The 29 is the weakest part of an alligator! I stuck my fingers up its nose, and it 30 of me.I tried to get out of the water, but I couldn, t get up because my leg was 31 My uncleheld me and32 me out of the water. It was the lifeguard' s first day of 33, and hewas shaking while he lookedat my leg. We were also 34! I was sent to 35and gotfourteen stitches （缝针）inmy left leg.I have a big scar （伤疤）that makes me think about how 36 I was that day. But I alsoremember how brave I was inthat moment. I 37 so fast - I had to! It' s not like thealligator was going togiveme two minutes to 38 like in a chess match. I had to beyouhave to think fast and help yourself. That, swhat I did.21.A.foolishB.wrongC.confusedD.surprised22.A.lifeguardB.trainerC.doctorD.volunteer23.A.amazedB.uncomfortableC.safeD.nervous24.A.legB.headC.shoulderD.arm25.A.straightB.bigC.whiteD.sharp26.A.actionB.solutionC.changeD.help27.A.pushB.dragC.hitD.toucha（n）39 thinker.Sometimes you' re in a situation where 40else can help you and28. A. noticedB.rememberedC.imaginedD.understood29. A. noseB.mouthC.headD.back30. A. took noticeB.made funC.let goD.got hold31. A. weakB.tiredC.hurtD.short32. A. carriedB.ledC.droveD.kept33. A. competitionB.classC.trainingD.work34. A. sighingB.cryingC.shoutingD.shaking35. A. prisonB.hospitalC.schoolD.police36. A. carelessB.scaredC.angryD.stupid37. A. swamB.reactedC.returnedD.escaped38. A. worryB.studyC.hesitateD.think39. A. originalB.independentC.quickD.free40. A. anybodyB.nobodyC.somebodyD.everybody【答案】21. B 22.A23. C 24. A25. D26. D 27.C 28. B 29.C 31. C 32. A33.D 34. D35. B36. B 37. B38.D 39. C40. BA30.【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者在浅水区游泳遇到短吻鳄并与其勇敢搏斗的故事。这个故事告诉我们“有 时在危急时刻只有自己才能救自己”。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我以为这将是一个正常的游泳乐趣的一天，但我错了。A. foolish愚蠢的；B. wrong错误的;C. confused困惑的;D. surprised感到惊讶的。根据第1空前的“I thought it wouldbe a normal fun day of swimming,"和转折连词but可知，作者想错了。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的兄弟和叔叔和我一起在一个浅游泳区，带着一张网和一名救生员。A.lifeguard救生员，警卫；B. trainer训练员；C. doctor医生；D. volunteer志愿者。根据第2空前的“in a shallow swimming area”可知，带着一名救生员去游泳。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的家人在附近的长椅上吃午饭。我感到很安全。A. amazed感到惊讶的；B. uncomfortable不舒服的；C. safe安全的；D. nervous紧张不安的。根据上文提到的有救生员陪着和“The rest of my family ate lunch on a nearby bench. 可知，作者感到安全。故选 C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坐在浅水区，双脚面向较深的一端，突然有什么东西撞到了我的腿。A. leg 腿；B. head 头；C. shoulder 肩膀；D. arm 胳膊。根据第 4 空前的"sitting in the shallow water with my feet facing the deeper end” 和下文的 “I knew it was an alligator （短吻鳄）as soon as it bit me.”可知，有东西在水里撞作者的腿。故选A。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的牙齿真锋利!A. straight笔直的；B. big大的；C. white白的；D. sharp 锋利的。根据第15空后的“got fourteen stitches （缝针）in my left leg. ”可知,短吻鳄的牙齿是 锋利的。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始大声呼救，但是我的家人没有听到。A. action行动；B. solution解 决方法；C. change改变；D. help帮助。根据第6空后的“but my family didn' t hear me. ”可知， 作者大声呼救。故选D。27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西: 鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. push推动；B. drag拖拉；C. hit 击打；D. touch打动。感动。根据第10空前的“I stuck my fingers up its nose, "可知，作者击打它 的鼻子。故选C。28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西: 鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分！我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. noticed注意到；B. remembered 记得；C. imagined 想象;D. understood 明白，理解。根据第 8 空后的 usomething I learned at an alligator education park"可知，作者记起所学关于短吻鳄的知识。故选B。29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西: 鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. nose鼻子；B. mouth嘴；C. head 头；D. back背部。根据第10空前的“I stuck my fingers up its nose, "可知，鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱 的部分。故选A。【30题详解】 考查动词词组。句意：我开始击打9英尺长的短吻鳄，然后我想起了我在短吻鳄教育公园学到的东西:鼻子是短吻鳄最脆弱的部分!我用手指堵住它的鼻子，它放开了我。A. took notice注意；B. made fun取 笑；C. let go 放开，松手；D. got hold 得到。根据第 10 空前的 “I stuck my fingers up its nose, ” 可知，短吻鳄放开了我。固定短语：let go of松手放开。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：我试图离开水，但我不能站起来，因为我的腿受伤了。A. weak弱的；B. tired 劳累的；C. hurt 受伤的;D. short 短的。根据第 11 空前 “I tried to get out of the water, but I couldn' t get up”可知，作者的腿受伤。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叔叔抱着我，把我从水里拉了出来。A. carried携带，搬运；B.led引领;C. drove驾驶，驱使；D. kept保持。根据第12空前的“My uncle held me”可知,作者的叔叔把作者 从水里抱出来。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是救生员第一天上班，他边看我的腿边发抖。A. competition竞争，比赛；D. class 班级；C. training 训练；D. work 工作。根据第 13 空前后 “It was the lifeguard' s first day 和he was shaking while he looked at my leg. v可知这是救生员第一天上班。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们也在发抖！ A. sighing叹息；B. crying哭;C. shouting大喊；D. shaking 摇动。根据第 14 空前的 “he was shaking while he looked at my leg. We were also” 可知，作者和 叔叔也发抖。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被送进医院，左腿缝了 14针。A. prison监狱；B. hospital医院；C.school 学校；D. police 警察。根据第 15 空后的 “got fourteen stitches （缝针）in my left leg. ” 可知，作 者被送到了医院。故选B。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有个大伤疤，让我想起那天我有多害怕。A. careless粗心的；B. scared 害怕的；C. angry生气的；D. stupid愚蠢的。根据第16空前的“I have a big scar （伤疤）that makes me think about”可知，作者回忆起那天的事感到害怕。故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的反应太快了 我必须这么做！ A. swam游泳；B. reacted反应；C. returned 返回，归还；D. escaped 逃脱。根据第 17 空前的 “I also remember how brave I was in that moment. ” 和空后的“so fast - I had to!”可知，作者那天反应很快。故选后38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：鳄鱼又不会给我两分钟思考时间，就像下棋一样。A. worry担忧；B. study 学习；C. hesitate犹豫不决；D. think想，认为。根据第18空后的“like in a chess match. 可知， 鳄鱼不会给作者思考的时间。故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我必须是一个思维敏捷的人。A. original原创的，新颖的；B. independent 独立自主的；C. quick迅速的；D. free空闲的，免费的。根据第20空后的Uyou have to think fast and help yourself. 可知，作者反应敏捷。故选C。【40题详解】考查不定代词。句意：有时你会陷入没人能帮助你的境地，你必须快速思考并帮助自己。A. anybody任何 人；B. nobody 没有人；C. somebody 某人；D. everybody 每个人。根据第 20 空前后 “Sometimes you' re in a situation” 和 “else can help you and you have to think fast and help yourself. “ 可知， 没有人能救你，救你的只有自己。故选B。【点睛】解完形填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓 上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下 文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。本题第5小题，句意：它的牙齿真锋利!A. straight笔直的；B. big大的; C