高一英语北师大版必修四教学案UNIT12SECTION1.docx

课刖 预读,必记词汇Unit 12 / Culture ShockSection IBritainWarm-up & VisitingI .根据词性及汉语意思写出单词1. roast”. 烤，烘2. tipping/?.给小费3. owe”.欠(债)4. absorb”.吸收5. toast/z.烤面包；祝酒，干杯6. exchange” 兑换，交换7. cheque/?.支票8. physician/?.内科医生9. book”.预约，预订10. apology?.道歉，认背一apologize、.道歉11. brief”力.短暂的,简短的f briefly.市，.短暂地12. expectation/?.期待的事物，预期-* cxpccto.期待，预期，期望f unexpected”如意: 想不到的，意外的13. wandeir这漫游,闲逛fwanderingadj.漫游的,闲逛的14. tasty.力.美味的f taste。.尝，品尝f taste less力.没有味道的,难吃的15. foggyadi.多第的一fog/? .翁II.用所给词的适当形式填空16. His strange laughter made all of us laugh.(laughter)17. The maioriiy of my classmates have decided to major in maths this term.That is to say, maths is our inaior.(maioritv)18. A rcasonablcrcason for this is that a man can reason but an animal can't.(reasonable) 川.补全短语教材原句Talking of money it's really easy to exchange traveller's cheques al banks or hotels so I advise you to get some of those before you come.说到钱，在银行或宾馆里兑换旅行支票很容易，因此我建议你在来之前兑换些。(I )exchange . tbr .以交换/兑换exchange sth.with sb.与某人交换某物(2)exchange n.兑换，交换，汇兑in exchange (for)作为(对6勺)交换(或替换)I'd like to exchange this dress for one in a smaller size.我想把这件衣服换一件小点尺寸的。Tom exchanged gifts with John at Christmas.汤姆与约翰在圣诞节交换了礼物。The boy gave the girl an apple in exchange for a banana.男孩用苹果换女孩的香蕉。Ybu can exchange your currency for dollars in the hotel.你可以在旅馆把你的钱兑换成美元。即时训练单句语法填空May I exchange seats with you?Can I exchange this tie for that one?What would you give me in exchange for my recorder?考点7majority n.大半，大多数教材原句But even though some British people arc quite strange, the majority of them arc really friendly and I've made some good friends.但是尽管有些英国人很古怪，可大多数人还是很友好的，我已经交了一些好朋友了。The majority was/were in favour of banning smoking.大多数人支持禁烟。(l)the majority of 大多数be in a/thc majority 占大多数，构成大部分by/with a majority of 以多数(2)minoi ity n.少数the minority of 少数be in a/the minority 占少数by/with a minority 以少数The majority of people seem to prefer watching games to playing games.大部分的人似乎都喜欢看比赛，而不喜欢参加比赛。The Han nationality is in the majority in China.在中国，汉族占大多数。He won the seat with a majority of 71 votes.他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。名师点津the majority作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数，" the majority of + ”作主语时, 谓语动词的数要与所加名词的数一致。即时训练单句语法填空The majority of students find (find) it quite hard to live on the amount of money they get.The majority is/are (be) on Ben's side.The majority of his advice is (be) helpful to us.解构I wish your visit wasn't usinv to be so brief but there's a lot we can do and see in a week.我真希望你的参观时间不会这么短，但是一周之内我们有许多事情可做，也有许多地方 可参观。(1)本句是主从复合句，主句为I wish,后面的部分为其宾语从句。该宾语从句又是由 but连接的并列句，其中wasn't相当于weren't,表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。I wish I were an astronaut travelling in space in Shenzhou X.我希望我是一名宇航员，乘坐神舟十号漫游太空。(2)wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气表示一种虚拟愿望。其形式如下：类型从句谓语动词形式与过去事实相反had+过去分词与现在事实相反过去式(be通常用were,有时也可用was)与将来事实相反would/could+动词原形I wish I were a fish swimming in the sea.愿我是一条游在海里的鱼。I wish she had survived the plane crash.但愿她从这一空难中幸存下来了。I wish you could give me a hand at such a crazy moment. 真希望你在这样一个忙得不可开交的时候帮我下。即时训练1 .单句语法填空©How I wish I were (be) together with you now!I wish I had (meet) you earlier.1 wish I would go (go) to the moon someday.2 .完成句子但愿这项实验能成功。I wish that the experiment were a success.要是你昨天能打个电话该多好啊。I wish that you had called yesterday.我希望有一天能到澳大利亚居住。I wish that someday I could live in Australia.跟动名词和不定式作宾语的动词原句感知自主探究I refuse to let you pay for anything while you're here.She wanted to go home earlier that day.I suggest leaving 10% of the bill for ihe waiter or waitress.®I think we should consider staying in the English countryside for a few nights as you enjoy hiking.Do you like to play/playing chess?©I'll remember to post your letter.(1)句句中refuse和want要跟不定式作宾 语。(2)句句中suggest, consider和enjoy要跟 动名词作宾语。(3)句中like后既可跟动词不定式也可跟动 名词作宾语，意义区别不大。(4)句句中remember既可跟不定式也可跟 动名词作宾语，但含义不同。©I don't remember saying that to him before.错收副析一、只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语英语中有些动词或动词短语必须以动名词作宾语。1 .这类动词常用的有：admit 承认；appreciate 感激,赞赏;avoid 避免；consider 考虑；delay 耽误;deny 否认; postpone 推迟；enjoy 喜欢；escape 逃脱；fancy 想象：finish 完成：imagine 想象；mind 介意； miss 想念；practise 训练;mention 提到；resisl 抵抗;risk 冒险;suggest 建议;stand 忍受; understand 理解;forgive 宽恕;keep 保持。Let's postpone making a decision until we have more information.让我们在了解了更多情况之后再作决定吧。Have you ever considered going abroad for further education?你考虑过去国外深造吗？You can hardly avoid meeting her if both of you work in the same office.如果你们两个人在同一间办公室工作，你就免不了会遇见她。To love is to risk not being loved in return.Love anyway!爱，就是冒着没有回报的危险。但无论如何，爱吧！2 .这类短语常用的有：can't help 禁不住；insist on 坚持;feel like 想要;be used to 习惯于;be accustomed to 习 惯于；devote oneself to 献身于：object to 反对；stick to 坚持；look forward to 期望，盼望； get down to 开始；be tired of 厌烦；be responsible for 对负货。He has been looking forward to going to England for a long time.好久以来他一直盼望去英国。I'm tired of eating the same food every day.天天吃同样的饭我感到烦腻了。Shall we get down to doing our work or have a rest?我们开始干活还是休息？Who's responsible for organizing the conference?谁负责组织这次大会？名师点津有些动词可以动名词作宾语，可以按不定式的复合结构作宾语，但不可以接不定式作宾 语。常用的有:advise, allow, permit, forbid0He advised iny/mc starting early.=Hc advised me to start early.他建议我早出发。They forbade my/me going out.=They forbade me to go out.他们禁止我出去。即时演练1»完成句子他承认打破窗子了吗？Did he admit breaking lhe window?你能想象出他成为一名著名演员的情形吗？Can you imagine him becoming a famous actor?你介意我打开窗子吗？Would you mind me opening the window?我今天不想去上班。I do not feel like going lo work today.二、只接不定式作宾语的动词及短语英语中有些动词或动词短语必须接不定式作宾语，这类动词或动词短语常用的有：afford负担得起；agree同意；arrange安排;attempt尝试,试图；choose选择；dare敢 于；desire渴望；detciminc决心：decide决定；expect期望；hate不喜欢、讨厌；hope希望： learn学习；mean打算；manage设法；need需要；offer主动提出；plan计划；pretend假装； promise 许诺；refuse 拒绝；try 努力;want 想要；wish 希望：threaten 威胁;set out 着手; would like想要做;used to过去常常。I can't afford to waste money on cheap souvenirs.我不能把钱浪费在那些廉价的纪念品上。You can offer to answer questions in class.你可以主动在课堂上回答问题。Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?本周末你安排见马克了吗？How I wish to have another week off!我多么想再有一周的假期啊！名师点津1有些动词可以按不定式作宾语，但不能接不定式的复合结构作宾语。常见的有：agree, manage, decide, pretend, learn, hope, offer, forget, desire 等。I hope to go to the moon someday.( J)I hope you to accept my suggestion X)即时演练2>»单句语法填空The shopkeeper refused to sell (sell) me a cap for 5 dollars.Have you considered finding (find) a job after you graduate?(3)1 suggest going (go) on a trip to Hainan Island for the Spring Festival.His doctor told him that he had better quit smoking (smoke). 、J三、既可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但两种结构的意义有区别的情况1. remember, forget, regret等后接动词不定式作宾语时，不定式表示的动作发生在后； 接动名词作宾语时，动名词表示的动作发生在前。She didn't remember locking the door after supper.她不记得晚饭后锁过门了。Remember to turn off all the lights when you leave the classroom.你离开教室时，别忘记把所有的灯关掉。2. try, mean, can't help, go on, stop等动词后接不定式和动名词时,意义有明显的差别。They didn't mean to go and help you.他们不打算去帮助你们。Missing the (rain means waiting for another hour.赶不上火车预示着要再等一个小时。3. need, want, require作“需要”讲，且主语为“某事物”时，后面跟动名词的主动形 式或跟不定式的被动式均可，都表示被动意义。Your house needs repairing/to be repaired.你的房子需要维修。即时演练3»31.单句语法填空©He tried not lo be (be) late for the meeting.His words meant going (go) to help you without delay.I'm sorry 1 can't help to clcan (clean) the room.©Most public places forbid smoking (smoke).32.单句改错I don't feel like to go to the cinema tonight.to go-agoingShe is used to live in the v i 11 age.live-*-livingBe sure to remember posting the letter for me.DOStingf to ooslHis letter requires to answer immediatil¥.to rnsweLanswering密用实战一、链接高考单句语法填空1 .(新课标卷 H). .I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused to stop (stop) until wc reached the next stop .2 .(新课标卷 H). .Still, the boy kept riding (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting.3 .(安徽志r考)1 remembered to lock (lock) the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.4 .(湖南庙考)We've had a good start, but next, more work needs to be done (do) to achieve (he final success.5 .(陕西离考)If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but lo meet (meet) an even greater challenge.二、针对演练单句语法填空1. I'm sorry I forgot to buy (buy) you stamps.2. I'll never forget being invi【ed (invite) to her 18th birthday party.3. I remember telling (tell) her about him that day.4. Try to remember to turn (turn) off the light when you leave the room.5. Every half an hour Mr. Smith would stop to havc (have) a smoke.6. As soon as Peter saw me, he slopped lalking (talk) to his friends and came over.7. I meant to go (go) running this morning, but I over-slept.8. I'm determined to solve the mystery even if it means travelling (travel) to New York myself.9. I don't regret telling (tell) her what I thought even if it might have upset her.10. . I regret to_say (say) that a number of statements made by the department were incorrect.11. Whom do you expect to have solve (solve) the problem of overloaded school buses?12. Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle, (ride)13. He pretended noto see (not, see) me when I passed by.14. I was born in China and have been living here. I can't imagine working (work) anywhere but China.15. No one enjoys bcingaughcd (laugh) at anytime.对应学生课下能力提升（九）I .单句语法填空1. Please tell me the story in brief.2. My wife busied herself in sewing.3. These pancakes made by my mother are really tasly (taste).4. His amusing performance caused a burst of laughter (laugh) in the audience.5. The great majority (major) of accidents in the Alps occur while climbers arc coming down.6. You are fortunate to have such a reasonable (reason) father.7. I have been examined by a Dhysician (physical) and he told me that he found nothing wrong with me.8. I made no apology (apologize) for what I said it was a fair comment.II .选词填空first of all, look forward to, as a result, got used to. get confused1. The day we looked forward (o came at last.2. I got confused at last. The problem was too complicated (复杂)for me.3. He made a big mistake; as a result, he lost his job.4. First of all, we can make good use of our talents if we work hard.5. I've got used to listening to country music on weekends.in.完成句子1. I wish I had gone lo【he beach(我去过海滩)last weekend.2. Any person that has courage and patience(有勇气和耐心的人)can join the activity.3. I won't join them, cven if/though(即使)I am invited to.4. I wish I wereen years younger(我年轻十岁).IV .课文缩写语法填空says (hat she has been in London for 6 months already and that she 1 .owes (owe) Aunt Mei an 2.apology (apologize) for not writing more often because she has been busy studying and trying 3.(o absorb (absorb) all the new things.There is so much that is different 4.from home.She wishes Aunt Mei's visit not to be so brief and tells her a bit about 5.what she can expect to find.Shc tells Aunt Mei ihe food in London.Then Xiaojin writes about the British 6.tipping (lip) system and ways 7.to cxchangc (exchange) traveller's cheques at bank.8.Additionally (additional), she suggests they stay in the English countryside 9.to wander (wander) through the fields and so on.At last she says the 10.majority (major) of British people arc friendly and she has made some good friends.V .完形填空You can't take it back, can't buy it, borrow it or use someone else's. You either have total or it is gone. Each one of us on this earth has the same to start with, to use or to 3 . Do you know what it is?It is time, which is to do with our wishes. But are you really using your time 4 or are you just letting it escape through your fingers like 5 through your toes as you walk along the beach?I have a friend who always 6 about not having enough time to start a new business. But why doesn't he have time? Is it because he spends loo much time at work or he is totally involved in 7 activities when he gets home? I could 8 completely why he has no available time to pursue even the planning of a new 9 if this was the case. But 10 , none of this is true.This is a man who does not spend hours at home participating in all kinds of activities.11 > this is a man who comes home every evening to eat and then to sit in front of the TV for (he rest of the evening. He spends his weekends doing nothing but 12 TV or visit with friends. Do you think he has time available?He has the time available if he chooses to 13 it. However, he chooses to waste it. Does he have a strong 14 to actually start planning and taking action to begin a new business? No. And, with his current 15 , do you think he could actually make a success of his business?16 . Why? Put simply, it is because running your own business takes a great deal of effort and a huge amount of 17 .Time is not your enemy; passion and perseverance are 8 for success. If you want life to roll by without 19 anything you want, simply keep 20 your time. You will never get i( back.语篇解读：本文为央叙夹议文，题材为日常生活类。时间如流水，一去不复返。在我们 抱怨没有时间去实现自己的梦想时，我们是真的腾不出时间，还是让时间白白从指缝中溜走 了？1. B. funC. control D. freedom解析：选C 根据本空后的“il is gone”可推知，你要么完全“掌控(coni)”它，要么让 它溜走。2. A.pcriod B. attitudeC. amount D. way解析：选C 由第二段的开头可知，it指时间，由此可推知，每个人开始时都拥有相同“数量(amount)”的时间供使用或者被“丢弃(throw away)”。3. A.pay off B. give awayC. move off D. throw away解析：选D 参考上题解析。另外，与本空前的start wilh和use构成并列。4. A.efficiently B. frequentlyC. slowly D. immediately解析：选A 与本空后的Tetling it escape through your fingers”构成对比，你是"有效 (effectively) ”利用时间还是让时间从指缝中溜走？5. A.rocks B. sandC. fish D. beans解析：选B 根据本空后的“beach”可知，此处是指从脚趾间溜走的“沙子(sand)”。6. A.sets B. writesC. drcams D. complains解析：选D 根据本空后的“nol having enough lime”可推知，这个朋友总是“抱怨 (complains)w没有时间开始经营自己的事业。7. A.family B. governmentC. group D. school解析：选A 根据本空后的"when he gets home”可推知，此处指"家庭(family)”活动。8. A.discover B. understandC. believe D. wonder解析：选B 如果真的是这样的话，作者完全可以“理解(understand)”他为什么会没有 时间计划自己的新“事业(business)”。9. A.factory B. yearC. friend D. business解析：选D 参考上题解析。另外，第6空后的“a new business''有提示。1(). A.sadly B. uneasilyC. excitedly D. hopefully解析：选A根据下文可知，“遗憾的是(sadly)”，事实不是这样的。11. A.Anyway B. InsteadC. Moreover D. Therefore解析：选B他不是一个把时间真的花在参与各种家庭活动的人。“相反(Instead)”， 他只是回到家先吃饭，然后再看电视。12. A.watch B. buyC. invent D. broadcast1. be busy doing sth.一直忙于做某事2. be different from . 与不同3. first of all 第一；首先4. as a result结果5. get used to 习惯于6. get confused弄糊涂7. laugh at sb.嘲笑某人8. the majority of.绝大多数9. plenty of 大量的1(). jn advance 预先11. put sb.电为某人提供膳宿12. put off 推迟2必背句型1. I wish your visit wasn't going to be so brief but there's a lot we can do and see in a week.我真希望你的参观时间不会这么短，但是一周之内我们有许多事情可做，也有许多地方 可参观。句式分析wish后所跟宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。佳句赏析I我希望有一天到中国的空间站里工作。I wish that I could work in China's space