四川省德阳市2021-2022学年高三下学期二模英语试题 Word版含解析.docx

德阳市高中2019级质量监测考试（二）英语试卷注意事项:L本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第n卷（非选择题）两部分，全卷150分，考试时间120分 钟。2 .答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上指定的位置。3 .全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第I卷（选择题共100分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分75分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒种的时间来回答有关小题和阅读 下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What made the man most excited at the party?A. The tasty food. B. The wonderful music. C. The chance to meet his friends.2. How will the woman probably go to Fraziefs Department Store?A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. On foot.3. Where will the woman meet her brother?A. At the museum. B. In the cafe. C. In the sports center.4. How does the woman feel about the man?A. Confident. B. Worried. C. Disappointed.5. Where are the speakers?A. On a plane. B. On a bus. C. In a car.第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项 中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 were more likely to have evolved in orb weaver spiders that sit on their webs in open, bright spaces, where visual baits may be more effective.Scientists don't yet know why insects are attracted to yellow stripes on orb weaver spiders. Perhaps the prey mistake a spider for a yellow-flecked flower, a hypothesis （假说）supported by the fact that most prey attracted were pollinators （传粉者）.12. What made the scientists confused about orb weaver spiders?A. Their name.B. Their prey.C. Their coloration. D. Their webs.13. How did the scientists do the study?A. By finding wild male and female N. pilipes.B. By filling each web with a cardboard spider.C. By studying the stripes on female N. pilipes.D. By using fake spiders or leaving the web empty.14. What did the scientists most probably conclude after watching the videos?A. Insects knew how to avoid an empty web.B. The spiders' stripes could attract insects.C. Insects could be attracted to dark colors.D. Yellow markings didn't function at night.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Yellow Stripes Work for the Spiders Hunting for FoodB. Yellow Stripes on Orb Weaver Spiders Have EvolvedC. Stripes and Spots can Easily Draw Much more InsectsD. Preys are Drawn to Spiders on Circular Webs Quickly【答案】12.C13. D 14. B 15. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了圆蛛腹部黄色的条纹或斑点能够吸引昆虫进入蜘蛛网，为它们提供 更多食物。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Many orb weaver spiders have yellowish stripes or spots on their undersides for a good reason.（许多圆蛛的腹部有黄色的条纹或斑点，这是有充分理由的。）”以及最后一段中“Scientists don't yet know why insects are attracted to yellow stripes on orb weaver spiders.（科学家们还不知道为什么昆虫 会被圆蛛身上的黄色条纹所吸引。）”可知，让科学家们对圆蛛感到困惑的是它们的颜色。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 “They removed each female and either left its web empty or replaced it with a cardboard spider.（他们将每只雌性蜘蛛移走，要么让它的网空着，要么用纸板蜘蛛代替。）”可知，科学家 们通过使用假蜘蛛或让蜘蛛网空着来进行研究的。故选D项。【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中 u After almost 1,800 hours of video recording the webs, the team found that during the daytime, the yellow-striped model that looked like a real N. pili-pes attracted more than twice as many insects, including bees and flies as any other fake spider or empty web.（在对这些蜘蛛网进行了近 1800 小时的录像后， 研究小组发现，在白天，看起来像真的圆蛛黄色条纹的模型吸引的昆虫是其他任何假蜘蛛或空网的两倍多, 包括蜜蜂和苍蝇。）”可知，科学家们最有可能得出这种蜘蛛的条纹可以吸引昆虫的结论。故选B项。【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段 “Many orb weaver spiders have yellowish stripes or spots on their undersides fbr a good reason. That color yellow attracts bees and flies into a spider's web, a new study suggests.（许 多圆蛛的腹部有黄色的条纹或斑点，这是有原因的。一项新的研究表明，黄色吸引蜜蜂和苍蝇进入蜘蛛网 可知，本文主要介绍了圆蛛腹部黄色的条纹或斑点能够吸引昆虫进入蜘蛛网，为它们提供更多食物。选项A “黄色条纹对蜘蛛觅食有用”符合文章主题；选项C ”条纹和斑点很容易吸引更多的昆虫”没有强调颜 色，不正确，故被排除。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。In daily life, there are many cases where we need to write a letter of apology. The following are some tips for writing a good letter of apology.Acknowledge your mistakes. At the beginning of the letter, you have to state clearly what you have done.16 Otherwise, things will become worse. If necessary, you can seek help from your parents or counselors.Face the facts. Don't use indirect language. 17 This helps you sound sincere and shows that you are not trying to escape the blame. Otherwise the letter of apology will not carry any weight. Using "1" statements is better as they put the focus on you.18 When you are apologizing, it is easier to blame the situation. Don't try to do that. It will only worsen the situation. Don't explain yourself either, because this shows you don't treat the mistake seriously.Make an apology sincerely. Even though there was a reason why you acted in a certain way, don't put it in the letter 19 Besides, your efforts to apologise will be in vain.Keep your promises. It is quite easy to say what other people want to hear, but it will bring disappointment if you fail to keep your promises or if you keep repeating the mistakes. 20A. Do better in the future.B. Donft blame the situation.C. Don't try to prove your acts are right.D. So only promise whatever you can achieve.E. State directly that you have made that mistake.F. It could be considered as an excuse you are making.G. You can learn from each incident, whether it is good or bad.【答案】16.C17. E 18. B 19. F 20. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。在日常生活中，有很多情况下我们需要写一封道歉信。文章给出了一些如何 写好一封道歉信的技巧。【16题详解】根据前文“Acknowledge your mistakes. At the beginning of the letter, you have to state clearly what you have done.（承认你的错误。在信的开头，你必须清楚地说明你做了什么。厂可知，本段给出的建议是在信的开 头要承认自己的错误，结合下一句"Otherwise, things will become worse.（否则，事情会变得更糟。）“，可知， 空处应填入C项“不要试图证明你的行为是正确的。”，因为这会让情况变得更糟糕，故选C。【17题详解】根据前文“Face the facts. Don*t use indirect language.（面对事实。不要使用间接语言。）”，可知本段建议在信 中的表达要面对事实，且不要使用间接语言，结合下一句"This helps you sound sincere and shows that you are not trying to escape the blame.（这能让你听起来很真诚，表明你不是想逃避指责。）”可知，此处表明，应直接 承认错误表明态度，此处应用E项“直接说明你犯了那个错误。故选E。【18题详解】根据下文“When you are apologizing, it is easier to blame the situation. Don't try to do that. It will only worsen the situation. Don't explain yourself either, because this shows you don't treat the mistake seriously.（当你在道歉 的时候，更容易责怪情况。不要这样做。这只会使局势恶化。也不要为自己辩解，因为这表明你没有认真 对待错误。）”可知，本段建议不要去责怪情况，不要为自己辩解，所以B项“不要责怪情况。”符合本段主 旨，故选B。【19题详解】根据前文“Make an apology sincerely. Even though there was a reason why you acted in a certain way, don*t put it in the letter.（真诚地道歉。即使你这样做是有原因的，也不要写在信里。）”可知，本段建议在信中真诚地道 歉，不要解释犯错的原因，这可能会让对方觉得在找借口，F项“这可以被认为是你在找的一个借口。”符 合文意，故选F。【20题详解】根据前文“Keep your promises. It is quite easy to say what other people want to hear, but it will bring disappointment if you fail to keep your promises or if you keep repeating the mistakes.（保持你的承诺。说另人想 听的话是很容易的，但如果你不遵守承诺或重复错误，就会带来失望。广可知，本段建议承诺自己能做到 的事情，由此可知，D项“所以只承诺你能做到的。”符合文意，故选D。第三部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I was not a quiet woman by nature. As a backpacker, I was always looking for that next 21.Something new and exciting made me feel as though I had been the first person to 22 it.I realized I fell in love with that23when I jumped on board a sailboat on the San Blas Islands. Now,five years later, I own a sailboat and24from the United States with my husband, John, to sail our newhome back to Australia while 25 all that this beautiful, watery world has to 26 on the way.We will live off the power of the wind to fill our 27 and move our boat, the 28 products from the ocean to fill our stomachs and the energy from the sun to 29 our electronics. We will not be over-consuming electricity or overfishing as these are luxuries （奢侈品）that are not30 in the limitedspace that comes along with life on a sailing boat.For people who are always 31 about life, sailing provides a （an） 32 learning space. These learning opportunities consist of 33 learning opportunities such as reading the weather, keeping maintenance, and learning anchoring techniques. Aboard our boat, we are constantly absorbing new 34 about things, like the electrical systems of the boat and the history of each country.I am not to talk you into 35 me this way. For some this 36 a challenge; for others it is achance to choose a lifestyle living off the grid （输电网）.And again, I want to 37 that a lifestyle or trip like this may not 38 everyone: some may find it emotionally 39、while others in the samecircumstances may find it to be emotionally tiring. 40、if you enjoy personal development andself-reflection, this aspect of sailing is extremely useful.21. A. sailingB. adventureC.eventD. opportunity22. A. developB.changeC. witnessD. experience23. A. feelingB. sufferingC. expressionD. remark24. A. take offB. show upC. set outD. break away25. A. imaginingB. drawingC. describingD. admiring26. A. offerB. containC. predictD. discover27. A. heartsB. sailsC. backpacksD. motors28. A. tastyB. mysteriousC. naturalD. familiar29. A. controlB. powerC. influenceD. serve30. A. possibleB. practicalC. acceptableD. desirable31. A. anxiousB. carefulC. curiousD. concerned32. A. regularB. aimlessC. popularD. endless33. A. outdatedB. expectedC. neededD. limited34. A. conceptsB. plansC. knowledgeD. advice35. A. protectingB. instructingC. rememberingD. following36. A. ridsB. solvesC. presentsD. avoids37. A. repeatB. promiseC. orderD. agree38. A. matchB. suitC. satisfyD. disappoint39. A. inspiringB. depressingC. confusingD. promising40. A. InsteadB. FurthermoreC. ThereforeD. However【答案】21 . B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. B31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过自己买帆船，并且进行帆船航行的事情，告诉读者，如果喜 欢个人发展和自我反省，那么航海的这方面是非常有用的。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个背包客，我总是在寻找下一个冒险。A. sailing帆船运动；B. adventure 冒险;C. event 事件；D. opportunity 机会。根据上文 uI was not a quiet woman by nature.（我天生不是一 个文静的女人。）可知，作者喜欢运动，也就是在寻找下一个冒险。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一些新的和令人兴奋的事情让我感觉好像我是第一个体验它的人。A. develop 发展；B. change 改变；C. witness 目击；D. experience 体验。根据上文 “As a backpacker, I was always looking for that next _1_."可知，作者寻找到了下一个冒险，那么紧接着就是去体验它。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我跳上圣布拉斯群岛上的一艘帆船时，我意识到我爱上了这种感觉。A. feeling 感觉；B. suffering 痛苦；C. expression 表达；D. remark 言论。根据空后 “when T jumped on board a sailboat on the San Blas Islands”可知，当作者跳上这艘帆船，那肯定会有自己的一种感受。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：现在，五年过去了，我拥有了一艘帆船，和我的丈夫约翰一起从美国出 发，从我们的新家回到澳大利亚，同时想象着这个美丽的水世界即将到来。A. take off起飞；B. show up 揭露；C. set out 出发；D. break away 脱离。根据下文“from the United States with my husband, John, to sail our new home back to Australia ”可知，作者是要从美国出发回家。故选C项。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，五年过去了，我拥有了一艘帆船，和我的丈夫约翰一起从美国出发， 从我们的新家回到澳大利亚，同时想象着这个美丽的水世界即将到来。A. imagining想像；B.drawing画； C. describing 描述；D. admiring 钦佩。根据下文 u all that this beautiful, watery world可知，这是作者在 IH 家途中可能会遇到的场景，所以是出发之前想象出来的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，五年过去了，我拥有了一艘帆船，和我的丈夫约翰一起从美国出发， 从我们的新家回到澳大利亚，同时想象着这个美丽的水世界即将到来。A. offer提供；B. contain包含；C. predict 预测；D. discover 发现。根据上文“while_5all that this beautiful, watery world has to v可知，想 象出来的美景当然是自己预测会在路途当中遇到的。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们将靠风能来航行，靠风能来驱动我们的船，靠海洋中的天然产物来填饱我 们的肚子，靠太阳能来驱动我们的电子产品。A. hearts心脏；B. sails帆；C.backpacks背包；D. motors汽 车。根据上文"I own a sailboat"可知作者买了一艘帆船。故选B项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们将靠风能来航行，靠风能来驱动我们的船，靠海洋中的天然产物来填饱 我们的肚子，靠太阳能来驱动我们的电子产品。A. tasty美味的；B. mysterious不可思议的；C. natural天然 的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据下文"products from the ocean to fill our stomachs可知，作者是在吃来自海洋 的食物，就地取材，那自然就是天然的东西。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将靠风能来航行，靠风能来驱动我们的船，靠海洋中的天然产物来填饱我 们的肚子，靠太阳能来驱动我们的电子产品。A. control控制；B.power驱动；C. influence影响；D. serve 服务。根据上文"the energy from the sun n可知，作者是在利用太阳能发电。故选B项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们不会过度消耗电力或过度捕鱼，因为这些都是奢侈品，在帆船上的生活 所带来的有限空间中是不切实际的。A. possible可能的；B. practical切实可行的；C. acceptable可接受的； D. desirable 令人向往的。根据下文 “in the limited space that comes along with life on a sailing boat” 可知帆 船的空间是有限的。故选B项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些总是对生活感到焦虑的人来说，航海提供了一个无尽的学习空间。A. anxious 焦虑的;B. careful 仔细的;C. curious 好奇的;D. concerned 担心的。根据下文 “sailing provides a (an)_12_ learning space."可知，帆船航行提供的是学习空间，所以对生活没有目标，感到焦虑的人才 需要需要寻找可学习的东西。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于那些总是对生活感到焦虑的人来说，航海提供了一个无尽的学习空间。A. regular频繁的；B. aimless没有目标的；C. popular受大众喜爱的；D. endless无止境的。根据下文“These learning opportunities consist of _13 learning opportunities such as reading the weather, keeping maintenance, and learning anchoring techniques. ”可知，能学习的东西有很多，所以是学无止境的。故选D 项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析工句意：这些学习机会包括必要的学习机会，如阅读天气、保持保养和学习锚定技术。A. outdated 过时的；B. expected 预料的;C. needed 需要的；D. limited 有限的。根据下文 “such as reading the weather, keeping maintenance, and learning anchoring techniques,可知，这些都是帆船航行必须知道的。故选 C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在船上，我们不断吸收有关事物的新知识，比如船上的电气系统和每个国家的 历史。A. concepts 概念;B. plans 计划；C. knowledge 知识;D. advice 建议。根据下文 “ like the electrical systems of the boat and the history of each country可知，这些都是除了学习必备知识以外，又学到的新的知 识。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不是来劝你跟随我走这条路的。A. protecting保护；B. instructing指导；C. remembering 记住；D. following 跟随。根据下文 “ For some this_16 a challenge; for others it is a chance to choose a lifestyle living off the grid （输电网）可知，关于帆船航行不同的人有不同的看法，所以作者不 是来劝说大家都跟她一样去买一艘帆船航行的。故选D项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一些人来说，这是一个挑战。A. rids去掉；B. solves解决;C.presents展示； D. avoids 避免。根据下文 “for others it is a chance to choose a lifestyle living off the grid ” （对其他人来说， 这是一个选择远离尘嚣的生活方式的机会）可知，对于一些人来说就是挑战。故选C项。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想再次重申，这样的生活方式或旅行可能不适合每个人。A. repeat重复；B. promise 承诺；C. order 订购；D. agree 同意。根据上文 “I am not to talk you into _15 me this way. For somethis _16_ a challenge; for others it is a chance to choose a lifestyle living off the grid ” 可知， 作者在此前已经 说过一遍了。故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想再次重申，这样的生活方式或旅行可能不适合每个人。A. match使相配;B. suit 适合;C. satisfy 使满意；D. disappoint 使失望。根据上文 “I am not to talk you into _15 me this way.For some this _16_ a challenge; for others it is a chance to choose a lifestyle living off the grid ”可知, 对于帆 船航行不同的人有不同的看法，所以这件事情并不是适合每个人的。故选B项。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些人可能会发现它在情感上鼓舞人心，而在同样的情况下，其他人可能会 发现它在情感上令人疲惫。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. depressing令人沮丧的；C.confusing令人费解的； D. promising 有希望的。根据下文 “while others in the same circumstances may find it to be emotionally tiring” 可知,while表转折。故选A项。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果你喜欢个人发展和自我反省，那么航海的这方面是非常有用的。A. Instead 代替;B. Furthermore 此外；C. Therefore 因此；D. However 然而。根据上文 “And again, I want to 17 that a lifestyle or trip like this may not _18 everyone: some may find it emotionally _19 ,while others in the same circumstances may find it to be emotionally tiring. ” 可矢口都是作者在为最后一句话在 陈述原因，所以最后一句话就是结果。故选c项。第II卷(非选择题共50分)注意事项：用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡上的相应位 置。Maverick Francisco Oyao, a student at Western Mindanao State University in the Philippines, 41 (make) news headlines around the world after surprising his sister with a one-of-a-kind prom (舞会)dress that he made 42 hand.In early February, Maverick's sister, Lu As