八年级英语下册Unit 2 Section B（1a-1e）教案（人教版）.docx

Unit 2 I'll help to clean up the city parks.课时 1 Section B (la-le)Learning aims:掌握重点单词、短语和句子单词：repair, fix, broken, wheel 短语：fix up, give away, take after 句子： I've run out of it.1 take after my mother.I fix up bikes and give them away.重点词汇和短语1 .v.修理；修未卜2 .乜修理；安装3 .adj.破损的；残缺的4 .n.& v.车轮；轮子；旋转5 .建立；设立6 .影响；有作用答案:1. repair 2. fix 3. broken 4. wheel5. set up 6. make a difference知识点一 take after的用法教材原文I take after my mother.我长得像我妈妈.C. describe a voluntary experienceD. tell people how to be a volunteer【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A【导语】本文是一篇通知，社区中心发布的关于志愿日活动的通知，号召人们参加志愿活动。它介绍了志 愿者一天的时间安排和活动安排。21 .细节理解题。根据“H叩py Homes”部分"It provides home repairs for people in need."可知，快乐之家为困 难的人们提供家居维修。故选A。22 .细节理解题。根据行程中“8:30 a. m. 一9:00 a. m"部分“Get on the bus for your chosen activity.”可知，志 愿者做公交车去活动地点。故选C。23 .细节理解题。根据行程中“3:30p. m”部分“Get on the bus that will take you back to the CommunityCentre”可知，在下午三点半的时候，志愿者就可以上公交车回到社区中心了，工作就结束了。故选D。24 .细节理解题。根据“City Parks Association”部分中“It needs volunteers to help plant flowers and pick up trash （垃圾）.bring some drinking water!”可知，志愿者需要种花、捡垃圾和带饮用水。故选B。25 .推理判断题。结合全文，根据最后一段“We are looking forward to your joining.”可知，社区服务中心期 待大家来参加志愿活动。故选A。五、补全对话在下面对话的空白处填上适当的话语，使对话完整。话语可能是单词、短语或句子。A: Hi, Wang Ting.B: Hi, Li Jing.A: 26?B: I'm going to the Children's Home to help the homeless children.A:27. The homeless children should be taken good care of. Who are you going with?C: I am going there with my classmates.28?A: Yes, rd love to. I love children and I'm free today.29?B: We can teach them some songs and play games with them.A: How about helping them with their schoolwork?B:30. The teachers there must be glad. Let's go.【答案】26. Where are you going27. That sounds good/You're great28. Would you like to go with me29. What can we do for them30. That's a good idea【导语】本文是王婷在和李静谈论去儿童之家帮助那些无家可归的孩子的计划。26 .根据"I'm going to the Children's Home to help the homeless children.”可知，此处询问对方将要去哪儿。 故填 Where are you goingo27 .根据Tm going to the Children's Home to help the homeless children."及"The homeless children should be taken good care of.”可知，此处应该是对对方的做法作出肯定的评价。故填That sounds good/You're greato 28.根据"Yes, I'd love to.”可知，此处是邀请对方一起参加。故填Would you like to go with me。29 .根据"We can teach them some songs and play games with them.”可知，此处询问能做些什么。故填 What can we do for themo30 .根据"How about helping them with their schoolwork?”可知，这是一个表示建议的句子，结合“The teachers there must be glad. Lefs go.”可知，此处需要作出肯定的回应。故填 Thafs a good idea。take after意为“（外貌或行为）像;My daughter does not take after me at all.我女儿一点儿都不像我.takeafter意为"（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像”。其同义短语为：be similar to "与相似"Steve takes after his father. They are both creative.史蒂夫像他父亲。他们都富有创造力。She was a smart, brave woman. You take after her.她是一名聪明、勇敢的女子。你像她。【知识拓展】look like 表达“像”look like意为"看起来像”，常指外貌、长相相似。帚 Lucy looks like her twin sister Lily. They both have big eyes.露西看起来像她的双胞胎姐姐莉莉。她 们都长着一双大眼睛。拓展常见的take短语有：take down写下;拆除take out切除;获得take up占用take over 接管take off起飞;脱掉take away 带走take in吸收take back 收回彳列 1-You always help others. That's very nice of you.-I think I my father; he likes helping others, too.A. take after B. look after C. look at D. run after解析句意:-你总是帮助别人,你真好.-我想我像我爸爸，他也喜欢帮助别人.take after意为“（外貌或行为） 像”;look after意为“照顾”;look at意为“看”;run after意为“追赶”,由语境可知在乐于助人这方面和爸爸像，故A 项符合题意.知识点二give away的用法教材原文I gave it away.我把它捐了出去.give away是固定搭配，意为“赠送;捐赠”.它的宾语有两种情况：如果宾语是名词该名词可以位于give和away之间，也可以位于give away之后如果宾语是代词该代词只能位于give和away之间The old man gave away his money to Project Hope.=The old man gave his money away to Project Hope.那位老人把他的钱捐给了希望工程.Lily had an old bike and she decided to give it away.莉莉有一辆旧的自行车，她决定把它捐出去.拓展常见的“动词+ away”的短语有:throw away扔掉;丢弃go away离开run away 逃跑put away收起来get away 逃离give away 捐赠stay away 远离pass away 逝世keep away离开;不接近take away 带走彳列 My mother our old clothes to the charity every year.A. gives out B. gives away C. gives up解析 句意:我妈妈每年把我们的旧衣服捐赠给慈善机构.give out“分发”;give away“捐赠”;give up“放弃”.根据“our old clothes to the charity”可知此处应是“捐赠"，故选 B.知识点三be similar to的用法教材原文I'm similar to her.我与她相像.be similar to表示“和相似;和类似”.similar作形容词，意为“相似的;类似的Her dress is very similar to mine in colo匚她的连衣裙在颜色上和我的很相似.The two buildings are similar on the whole.从整体来看，这两幢楼是相似的.彳列-Are you similaryour mother?-No. I take my father.A. after; after B. to; to C. to; after解析take after意为“（外貌或行为）像”;be similar to意为"与相似”，故答案选C.知识点四被动语态的用法教材原文 I'm sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me.我确定你知道这个团体是 为了帮助像我一样的残疾人而设立的.此句运用了一般过去时的被动语态.一般过去时的被动语态的结构是“was/were+动词的过去分词”.I wasn't invited to the party.我没被邀请去参加那次聚会.拓展几种不同时态的被动语态:一般现在时am/is/are+done般过去时was/were+done现在进行时am/is/are being+done一般将来时will be+doneam/is/are going to be+done现在完成时have/has been+doneEnglish is spoken in many parts of the world.世界上许多地方都说英语The classroom is being cleaned by the students.学生们正在打扫教室The paper will be finished soon.这篇论文不久就会被完成.More and more new factories have been built.越来越多的新工厂被建成了.一语巧记从构成方式上看,可以巧记为：被动语态必有be done,时态都在be上转换.fJ-What languagein Canada?-Both English and French.A. is spokenB. speaksC. is speaking解析考查被动语态.句意:-在加拿大说什么语言?-英语和法语.句子主语与谓语动词speak之间是被动关系，用 被动语态，故答案选A.讲堂演练一、单项选择1 . 一Hi, Dick. Could you offer to help us a group to help homeless animals?That sounds great! I believe we will do a good job.A. open upB. set upC. take upD. close up【答案】B【详解】句意：一一你好，迪克。你能帮我们建立一个小组来帮助流浪的动物么？那听起来很棒。我 相信我们工作干得很棒的。考查动词短语。open up开门；set up建立；take up占据；close up闭合。根据“a group”可知表达“建立一个 小组”，用动词短语“set up”。故选B。2 . 一 Why do you like your dog?Because it is very. It helps me a lot.A. sickB. deafC. cleverD. easy【答案】C【详解】句意：你为什么喜欢你的狗？ 因为它非常聪明。它帮了我很多。考查形容词辨析。sick生病的；deaf聋的；clever聪明的；easy简单的。根据“It helps me a lot."可知，这条 狗很聪明。故选C。3 . I think we shouldsome money the poor children.A. raise; toB. raise; forC. rise; toD. rise; for【答案】B【详解】句意：我认为我们应该为贫困儿童筹集一些钱。考查动词短语。raise“筹集”，raise money for”为筹钱”；rise“上升；提高。为不及物动词，后不加宾 语。故选B。4 . 一Does Jimmy often volunteer in his free time?一Yes. He often fixes up computers for others.A. brightB. fallenC. brokenD. weak【答案】c【详解】句意： 吉米在闲暇时间里经常做志愿者吗？ 是的。他经常给别人修理损坏的电脑。考查 形容词辨析。bright明亮的;fallen倒下的；broken损坏的；weak虚弱的。根据“He often fixes up computers for others.”可知，应该是修理损坏的电脑。故选Co5 . Each of us is about the news.A. exciting； exciting B. excited； exciting C. exciting； excited D. excited； excited【答案】B【详解】句意：我们每个人都为这个激动人心的消息感到兴奋。考查形容词辨析，excited意为“兴奋的、 激动的”，用于表述人对事物的感受；exciting“令人兴奋的、使人激动的"用于表示事物本身的性质。第 一处修饰人，第二处修饰物，故选B。二、用所给单词的正确形式填空6 . It's too hard(understand) what he said.【答案】to understand【详解】句意：他说的话太难理解了。to。to do Sth."太而不能做某事。是固定搭配，此处用动词不 定式作结果状语。故填to understando7 . How poor the(able) children are! We should help them.【答案】disabled【详解】句意：残疾儿童是多么可怜啊！我们应该帮助他们。able“能够的”，形容词。根据"poor”可知此处 是指残疾儿童，disabled“有残疾的”，形容词作定语。故填disabled。8 . 一I really hate myself for what I said to Mum the other day.一I know the(feel). Ifs awful, isn't it?【答案】feeling【详解】句意： 我真的很讨厌我那天对妈妈说的话。我知道那种感觉。太糟糕了，不是吗？分析 句子结构可知，所填词位于定冠词the之后，应填名词，而feel“感觉”为动词，其名词形式为feeling,故填 feelingo9 . Could you please help me repair my(break) bike?【答案】broken【详解】句意：你能帮我修理我的坏自行车吗？根据“repair my”和“b汰e”可知是修坏掉的自行车，空格处应 用break的形容词作定语，即broken,故填brokeno10 . We should our opinions in order to understand each other better, (change)【答案】change【详解】句意：我们应该改变我们的观点以便更好地互相理解。根据情态动词“should”可判断空处应用动 词原形,故填change。三、完形填空During the summer vacation, I volunteer at an animal hospital. So I saw a lot of 11, Kelly was thefunniest dog. She looked 12a sausage(香肠)with thin curly hair. Her eyes always seemed surprised, and13 tail looked like a rat's tail.She was put here 14 the owner didn't want her any more. I thought Kelly had a sweet personality(nn 格)."No one should judge her by her looks.thought. Finally, I advertised Kelly in the newspaper "Funnylooking dog, sweet personality, needs loving family.”A few days later, a young man 15 me. I told him that Kelly was strange-looking. The man on the phone told me that his 16 sixteen-year-old dog had just died. A few minutes later, an old car 17 in front of the animal hospital. Two kids ran to the hospital. They brought the dog to the grandfather, who was waiting in the car. I huiried behind 18, In the car, the grandfather held Kelly in his arms. She licked（舔）his face, "She's 19r the old man said.I was happy that Kelly had found a good 20. When I looked at the grandfather eyes, I found that hewas a blind man.11. A. birdsB.dogsC. fishD pigs12. A. likeB.atC. afterD. for13. A. hisB.itsC. myD. her14. A. soB.becauseC. thatD. why15. A. foundB.calledC. sawD. showed16. A. father'sB.mother'sC. grandfatherD. grandmother's17. A. stoppedB.cameC. tookD - started18. A. itB.themC. thisD - that19. A. terribleB.sleepyC. sickD. wonderful20. A. dayB.workC. ownerD. way【答案】11 . B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. C【导语】这篇短文讲的是作者在暑假时作为志愿者去了宠物救助中心，在那儿他遇到了一只叫Minnie的 小狗，然后一位老人领养这只狗，他们过的都非常幸福。12 .句意：所以我看到了很多狗。birds鸟；dogs狗；fish鱼;pigs猪。根据后文“Kelly was the funniest dog.”可知，作者见到了很多狗,故选Bo13 .句意：她看起来像一根长着薄薄卷发的香肠。like像；at在;after在之后;for为了。look like意为“看起来像”,此处指的是她看起来像一根长着薄薄卷发的香肠。故选A。14 .句意：她的眼睛总是显得很惊讶，她的尾巴看起来像老鼠的尾巴。his他的；its它的；my我的；her她的。上文叙述这条狗时用代词“she”，所以这里应当用其形容词性物主代词“her”代替，故选D。15 .句意：凯莉被放在这儿，是因为她的主人不要她了。so 所以；because 因为；that 那；why 为什么。分析前句"She was put here”与后句"the owner didn't want her any more,可知是因为她的主人不要她了，所以凯莉被放在这儿。故选B。16 .句意：几天后，一个年轻人打电话给我。found 发现；called 打电话；saw 看见；showed 展示。根据下文“The man on the phone told me that.可知， 一个年轻人是通过电话联络作者的。故选B。17 .句意：电话里的那个人告诉我，他父亲16岁的狗刚刚死了。father's 父亲的；mother's 母亲的；grandfather 外祖父的；grandmother's 外祖母的。由下文“They brought the dog to the grandfather, who was waiting in the car.”可知，是这个年轻人的父亲，也就是两个孩子的祖父的 狗死了。故选C。18 .句意：几分钟后，一辆旧车停在了动物医院的门前。stopped停；came来；took拿；started开始。个后文“who was waiting in the car”可知车是停在了动物医院的 门前。故选A。19 .句意：我急忙跟在他们后面。it 它；them 他们；this 这个；that 那个。根据“Two kids ran to the hospital. They brought the dog to the grandfather, who was waiting in the car.”可知此处应用them指的是上文提到的两个孩子和Kelly,故选B。 19.句意：她太棒了！terrible 糟糕的；sleepy 困乏的；sick 生病的；wonderful 极好的。根据力n the car, the grandfather held Kelly in hisarms”可知，这位老人的动作说明这位老人非常喜欢凯莉，所以此处是赞扬。故选D。20.句意：我很高兴凯莉找到了一个好主人。day 白天；work 工作；owner 拥有者；way 道路。根据“In the car, the grandfather held Kelly in his arms”可 知，这位老人和狗的互动可知Kelly找到了一位好主人。故选C。四、阅读理解Dear neighbors,Next Saturday is the Volunteer Day of our community. Here is the plan.7:30 a. m: Meet at the Community Centre for breakfast.8:00 a. m.8:30 a. m: Decide which of the following organizations you'd like to work for. You can begin thinking about what you may want to do now.Happy Homes: It provides home repairs for people in need.Elder Care: It sends volunteers to Old People's Home. Volunteers can play games with the old people there, or talk with them.City Parks Association: It needs volunteers to help plant flowers and pick up trash （垃圾）in city parks. These are outdoor activities, so remember to bring some drinking water!Love and Learning: It helps children with learning disabilities. Read books out loudly to groups of children and help them with their homework.8:30 a. m.9:00 a. m: Get on the bus for your chosen activity, and ride with the other volunteers to your activity sites （地点）.9:00 a. m. 一12:10 p. m.: Work as a volunteer.12:1 Op. m. 1:00 p. m.: Share lunch with your volunteer group.1:00 p. m. 3:30p. m: Go on with your volunteer work.3:30p. m: Get on the bus that will take you back to the Community Centre. You can talk with other volunteers and share your experiences.To know more information, please call 718-384一782. We are looking forward to your joining.Central Community21. What do volunteers for Happy Homes do?A. They repair homes.B. They clean up homes.C. They visit Old People's Home.D. They care for children at home alone.22. How will volunteers go to their activity sites?A. By bike.B. By car.C. By bus.D. By subway.23. Volunteers will finish their work at.A. 1:00 p. m.B. l:30p. m.C. 3:00p. m.D, 3:30 p. m.24. If you join the City Parks Association, you needn't.A. plant flowersB. feed the birdsC. pick up trashD. bring drinking water25 . The writer writes this passage to.A. ask people to do the Volunteer Day activitiesB. show the importance of volunteering