2022-2023学年江苏省南京重点大学附中高一（下）期中考试英语试卷（含解析）.docx

2022.2023学年江苏省南京重点大学附中高一（下）期中考试英语试卷一'阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AChester is one of the best cities in the UK. As soon as you arrive in Chester you will appreciate the city's unique atmosphere and sense of history. Founded by the Romans over 2,000 years ago, much of the Roman influence remains and Chester's city walls are the most complete in Britain. Combined with history and heritage（遗产），Chester is a dynamic city full of bars, pubs, clubs, hotels and restaurants for you to discover, tempting you to visit again and again.Travelling to Chester?Chester is easily accessible by many means of transport一whether you are travelling by rail, car, bus or plane. Please check our route planner below to help you plan your journey to Chester. Once you arrive in the city there are numerous car parks; however, during rush hours the easiest way to travel in Chester city centre is via park and ride facilities, which are parking lots with public transportation.Hotels?From bed & breakfasts to the luxury of Chester's only five-star hotel, Chester has all covered. Whether your trip is for business or pleasure your room is just a click away!Sightseeing and Tours?One of the best ways to see Chester is by a guided tour and you have a variety to choose from. Whether you choose the traditional guided walk, to be guided around Chestefs historical landmarks by bus or to take a boat down the River Dee, you will sure enjoy the delights of Chester.1. What can we know about Chester from the first paragraph?A. It is a newly built city.B. It is the best city in the UK.C. It is rich in the deep culture and modern touch.D. Many of its city walls were completed by British people.2. What is the most convenient way to get around Chester city centre during rush hours?五、单词拼写单句（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）37. We are doing our best with the 1（有限的）resources available.38. Beijing has a lot for people to see, doesn't it?一Yes. Its a popular tourist d（目的地）.39. Efficient learning skills are（有益的）.40. As the list of species in danger of（灭绝）becomes longer, we realize we can*t afford to damage the nlungs of the planet".41. 一The doctor said he had a very small chance of.（生存， 存活）一I'm sorry to hear that.42. Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became e（完全地）different.43. Nowadays the m of people pay for things on their smartphones.44. It suddenly o to me that I could have the book sent to me.45. A to computer games, he found it hard to concentrate on his study.46. Best of all I began to a the beauty in life with my own eyes, instead of through mysmartphone camera.六、任务型读写（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Jenny and James were ten-year-old twins. It was their mother's birthday on the coming Saturday and the twins wanted to give her a surprise. What could they do? Baking （烘烤）a cake seemed quite impossible.Jenny was sitting on the stairs, wondering how she could make her mother*s day special when James came running in and said to Jenny, nHey Jen! Mummy is inviting her friends. I think she intends to give a party !n“It means we have to do something great so Mum can feel really happy when we surprise her infront of all her guests/ replied Jenny. nWe must bake a cake for her!”The twins were making serious plans for the birthday party. They organized the seating plan, prepared the menu, bought the ingredients （原料）for the cake and decorated the dining hall.On the big day, they woke up very early in the morning, wished their mother a happy birthday and asked her to watch TV or read some magazines."We will take care of everything/ said James.“YesJ said Jenny. nDon,t worry about the party. We have everything under control."Then the twins headed for the kitchen. They were baking a chocolate cake. Both of them worked fast.Soon, people started arriving and gave gifts to the twins* mother. The guests and the hosts chatted for a while and then everyone went to the dining hall for the cake-cutting ceremony. The cake was very beautiful and looked delicious. James and Jenny placed it on the table and handed Mother the knife. She blew out the candles, cut the cake and everyone sang the birthday song. 注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。Now it was time to eat the cake.Mother hugged the twins and said, “No problem dear; it was your first attempt at baking.七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）48 .假定你是某学校的学生会主席李华，上周就阅读这一主题向全校同学做了问卷调查，结 果发现，同学们每天课外阅读时间普遍不足。请你用英文写一封题为“Reading lights up our future"的倡议书，倡导大家多多阅读。倡议书内容包括：1 .问卷调查结果；2 .总结阅读最不够的原因并提出针对性建议；3 .发出倡议。注意：1 .词数100字左右（标题已给出，但不计入总词数）;2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Rending lights up our future答案和解析13.【答案】C、A、B【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。切斯特是英国著名的历史名都，蕴藏着丰富的历史瑰 宝，同时也富有现代气息，能让游客大饱眼福。1 .根据第一段中的 Combined with history and heritage（遗产）,Chester is a dynamic city full of bars, pubs, clubs, hotels and restaurants for you to discover, tempting you to visit again and again （历史与遗 产相结合，切斯特是一个充满活力的城市，到处都是酒吧、酒馆、俱乐部、酒店和餐馆，等你去 发现，吸引着你一次又一次地去参观）可推知，切斯特历史文化底蕴深厚，同时又富含现代气息， 故选Co2 .根据第二段中的 during rush hours the easiest way to travel in Chester city centre is via park and ride facilities, which are parking lots with public transportation （在交通高峰时段，前往切斯特市中心最便 捷的方式是通过泊车转乘设施，即有公共交通工具的停车场）可知，在交通高峰期，游览切斯特 市中心的最方便的方式是乘坐公共交通工具，故选A。3 .根据第四段中的One of the best ways to see Chester is by a guided tour可知，在导游的陪同下游览 切斯特才是了解切斯特的最佳方法之一，故选B。47.【答案】C、A、C、C【解析】【文章大意】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了网球运动员阿加西退役时的演讲，并讲述了阿 加西的网球生涯。1 .根据第二段的 It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now.（这是他漫长职业生涯结束时的一次感人的演讲。阿加西十几岁时像现 在非常喜欢网球一样非常讨厌网球。），及第四段的It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: "winning is a test of nerves and not just power; it's a marathon, not a sprint （短跑广（这是阿加西第一次理解真正的冠军最终理解的东西：“获胜是对神经的测试，而不仅仅 是力量；这是马拉松，不是短跑。）以及第五段的And a marathon Agassi was about to begin. He cut his long hair, got fitter and tightened up emotionally.（一场马拉松式的阿加西赛即将开始。他剪了长 发，变得更健康，情绪绷紧。）可推断，阿加西开始并不喜欢网球，最终改掉了不良习惯，变得 积极向上，因此推断，退役时阿加西情绪激动是因为网球带给他很多东西。故选C。2 .根据第二段的"The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn't say is what Fve found,n Agassi said to the fans. HI have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed/1（ " i己分牌上说 我今天输了，但记分牌上没有说我找到了什么。”阿加西对球迷说，“我找到了灵感，你们想要 让我成功。”）可知，阿加西感谢自己的球迷。故选A。3 .根据倒数第二段中的 It was the first time Agassi understood what real champions finally understand: fwinning is a test of nerves and not just power; its a marathon, not a sprint （短跑）.（这是阿力口西第次 明白真正的冠军最终明白的道理：“胜利是对勇气的考验，而不仅仅是力量的考验;这是一场马拉松, 不是短跑。”）可知，通过胜利，阿加西了解到人胜利是对勇气的考验，胜利是一场马拉松，不 仅仅是力量的考验，也就是要不放弃，才能获得胜利。故选C。4 .根据第二段中的 Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as much as he loves it now.The strict training that his father pushed upon him got in the way of his wild lifestyle.（阿加西十几岁时像现在非常喜欢网球 一样非常讨厌网球。当他还是个孩子的时候，他的父亲让他打网球。他厌倦了，变成了一个叛逆 者。他父亲强加给他的严格训练妨碍了他狂野的生活方式。）可推断，阿加西父亲在阿加西选择 自己的职业方面起了很大的作用。故选C。811 .【答案】A、D、A、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍一个因为海平面上升而处在危险的国家，引出 全球变暖的问题，并陈述全球变暖的原因，旨在引起人们的关注。1 .根据第二段的内 容 Salt water is already entering the country's drinking water supply,.the country's days are numbered.（盐水已经进入该国的饮用水供应，并破坏了生产水果和蔬菜的植物。没有紧 急援助，这个国家的日子屈指可数。）可知，在Tuvalu,海水已经进入饮用水供应系统，并且淹 没了一些植物。故这里A （Tuvalu处在被海水淹没的危险中。）正确。故选A。2 .根据第三段中的 While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu's rising sea level is caused by global warming.（当威尼斯慢慢沉入其所在的淤泥中时，图瓦卢的海平面上升是 由全球变暖引起的。）可知，文章列举这两个例子是为了说明，他们的问题都是由于全球变暖， 故选Do3 .根据最后一段中的 Should this come true, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with "climate refugees" looking for somewhere to live.（如果这成为现实，海洋将百噬数以 百万计的家园，世界将充斥着寻找地方居住的“气候难民”。故这里“climaterefugees”的意思是 由于气候变话被迫离开家园的人。故选A。4 .根据第四段第句 The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degrees over the past century （在过去的一百年，全球的平均气温增加了几乎0.5摄氏度）可知，B项中的 13摄氏度是错误的，故选B。1215.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要从作者对自己不喜欢社交媒体的这一心理的反 思入手，针对社交媒体对当下人们的影响进行思考和论述。1.根据第段前两句 The first time I heard about my classmates engaging with social media was in the fourth grade. A lot of my friends and classmates had excitedly jumped onto platforms like Instagram at such a young age.（我第一次听说同学们使用社交媒体是在四年级的时候。我的很多朋友和同学在 很小的时候就兴奋地登上了 Instagram这样的平台。）可知，在四年级的时候，作者的朋友和同学 就纷纷参与到社交媒体平台，由此可推知，社交媒体很受学生欢迎。故选A。2,根据第三段中的 The thought of doing.family gatherings and friend get-togethers are just as meaningful, if not more so.（我从来没想过要这么做。我尊重并理解那些相信使用社交媒体可以让 他们表达自己并与他人分享生活的人。然而，我从来没有兴趣做同样的事情。在我看来，家庭聚 会和朋友聚会在不与人分享的情况下，同样有意义，甚至更有意义。）可知，作者从来没有在社 交媒体上分享自己与朋友和家人共度时光的照片。故选D。3 .根据第四段内容（大多数人在社交媒体上都有过不安全感和缺乏自信的经历。被改变的照片代 表着不切实际的美丽标准，只有通过危险的方式才能获得。即使不使用社交媒体，我也知道使用 Instagram和Facebook等应用程序会让我在所有方面都感到尴尬，而这些方面却会让我成为一个独 一无二的人。我从来都不想在看到社交媒体上的帖子后，立即将自己和自己的生活与其进行比较。） 可知，社交媒体容易让人产生对比心理，阅读者往往将博主的生活和自己的生活进行对比，使自 己对自己的看法产生变化，由此可推知，社交媒体改变了人们看待自己的方式。故选C。4 .本艮据最后段前两句 I constantly observe my classmates getting easily distracted by social media.While trying to complete their homework, they have a powerful urge to open up Instagram or Facebook to see if there are any new messages.（我经常观察到我的同学很容易被社交媒体分心。在努力完成家 庭作业的同时，他们有一种强烈的冲动，想打开Instagram或Facebook,看看是否有新消息。）可知，社交媒体会影响完成作业的进度，使得人们浪费宝贵的时间去关注社交动态。故选B。1620 .【答案】A、B、C、G、E【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。指出手机对人们的身心各个方面产生了什么影响。1 .上文 A study found that 137 more lives were saved per 100,000 patients when people called 911 from a mobile phone rather than from a fixed one.（一项研究发现，当人们用手机拨打911而不是用固定电 话拨打911时，每10万名患者中就多挽救了 137条生命。）指出使用手机能挽救生命，这是很好 的消息。下文 Scanning your phone right before bed can cause sleep disorder.（睡前浏览手机会导致 睡眠障碍。）指出睡前浏览手机会造成不良影响。由此推知，空处内容与上文为转折关系。选项 A （但也有很多担忧。）指出使用手机也会产生担忧，这与上文形成转折关系，但是自然而然引 出了下文，符合语境。故选A。2 .下文 People now spend more than five hours a day typing and tapping, and feel eyes achy.（现在, 人们每天花超过五个小时打字和敲击，感觉眼睛疼痛。）指出因为花时间在手机上打字等原因， 眼睛会不舒服。选项B （你的手机会伤害你的眼睛。）指出手机会伤害眼睛，自然而然引出了下 文的具体说明，符合语境。故选B。3 .上文 However, this can weaken your ability to focus on a task.（然而，这会削弱你专注于某项任务 的能力。）指出使用手机可能导致专注能力下降。选项C（让手机静音或干脆把它收起来会有帮 助。）承接上文，提出防止专注能力下降的措施，符合语境。故选C。4 .上文Memory suffers too.（记忆也会受到影响。）指出使用手机可能会使记忆力受影响。下文 Instead of relying on the instructions from your phone's GPS, older adults choose the old way, which increases activity in a part of the brain important for memory.（未依赖手机 GPS 的指示， 老年人反而 选择了旧的方式，这会增加大脑中对记忆至关重要的部分的活动。）指出老年人选择不使用手机 的GPS指路功能。选项G （用地图并尝试记住它可能对你的大脑更好。）指出使用地图对大脑更 友好，这是对上文反向佐证，也自然而然引出了下文，符合语境。故选G。5 .上文 It would be easy to avoid all these problems by simply putting down your phone. The problem: It isn't so easy.（只要放下手机，就很容易避免所有这些问题。问题是：放下手机并不容易。）指出 要放下手机是个难题。选项E （与手机分开时，人们可能会感到痛苦。）延续上文，指出放下手 机是个难题，让人痛苦，符合语境。故选E。2135.【答案】A、B、C、D、B、A、C、D、A、B、C、A、D、A、B【解析】【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者经历了一次灾难性的地震后，人生 发生了改变，并以志愿者的身份去帮助像他一样的人，同时希望人们能够在经历灾难和痛苦之后， 同样能够挺身而出帮助其他人，使世界有所不同。1 .句意：然后是致命的沉默，这只能意味着一件事，毁灭。A.silence寂静，沉默；B. power力量； C. emergency 突发事件，紧急情况；D. extinction 灭绝。根据前文 u A single tremble shook beneath my feet. The trees above me began to sway hard.（我的脚下颤抖了一下。我头顶上的树木开始剧烈摇晃。） 可知，作者描述了地震特别强烈时候的震动感受，而后文“destruction（毁灭）”则提示这里讲述地 震过后的感受，因此结合常识可知，该句讲述是大地震过后的“安静”，与前文的强烈震动形成 对比。故选A。2 .句意：现在所有的房屋和物品都成了废墟。A. underpressure在压力之下；B. in ruins成为废墟， 严重受损；C.on hand在场，即将发生；D. in shock休克，震惊。根据后文uMy vision blurred even more when I saw the remains of my house.（当我看到我房子的残骸时、我的视线更加模糊了。）提 及了 “房屋残骸”，说明房屋和物品成为了废墟。故选B。3 .句意：曾经容纳了世界上所有幸福的房子现在只是一堆废墟。A. promote提升，促进；B. supply 提供,供应；C.contain包含、容纳;D.measure测量，判断。根据后文“Iall the times I played with my little brother and sister.（我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。）”提及作者以前总是和 弟弟妹妹在房子里玩耍，因此，这所房子承载了以往所有的欢乐时光。故选C。4 .句意同上。A. extremely非常，极其；B. obviously明显地，显而易见地；C.actually实际上，事 实上；D. simply简单地，仅仅。分析语境可知，这里的副词起到强调作用，强调曾经充满欢乐的 房子地震过后就只是一片废墟。故选D。5 .句意:我想起了我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有时光。A. adapted to适合，适应于；B.thought of想 起，考虑；C.concentrated on专心于；D. worked out解决，算出。根据后文宾语“all the times（所 有的时光）”可推知，作者想起以往和弟弟妹妹一起玩耍的时光。故选B。6 .句意：他们的形象铭刻在我的脑海里，所以我让黑暗完全笼罩我，这样我就能最后一次生动地 看到他们。A. carved雕刻；B. buried埋葬；C. designed设计；D. observed观察，遵循。根据前文“I all the times I played w汕 my little brother and sister.（我想起了 我和弟弟妹妹一起玩的所有 时光。）”可知，作者面对废墟时能够想起以往的欢乐时光，弟弟妹妹的形象深深地刻在脑海里。 故选Ao7 .句意：在地上躺了一段时间后，我恢复了一点体力。A. balance平衡；B. memory记忆；C. strength 力气，优势；D. impression Epi象。根据后文 uafter lying on the ground for some time（在地上躺了一 段时间后）”可知，作者在地上休息了一会儿，恢复了一点力气。故选C。8 .句意：我的眼睛看到了不同的东西，但我漫无目的地走着，对周围的一切都没有反应。A. request 要求；B. comparison比较，对比；C.path小路,道路;D. reaction反应，回应。根据前文aI walked on mindlessly （我漫无目的地走着）可知，经历过大地震，失去了一切之后，作者此时漫无目的， 什么东西都不能引起他的反应。故选D。9 .句意：几年前发生在我身上的那场灾难已经过去了。A. struck碰撞，爆发，袭击；B. identified 确认,认出；C.threatened威胁；D.reminded提醒，使想起。分析可知,"that （9）me years ago 为"thedisasterv定语从句，关系代词“that”指代“thedisaster”，从句中作主语，其对应的动词 应是“袭击，爆发”，用在句中表达“发生在我身上”含义。故选A。10 .句意：我从没想过在经历了这件可怕的事情之后，我还会好起来。A. amazing 了不起的，令 人诧异的；B. frightening令人害怕的，恐惧的；C.exciting令人兴奋激动的；D. challenging具有挑 战性的。与前文"the deadly（致命的）”相呼应,这里应是B项“frightening”。故选B。11 .句意：今天我要去加州帮助最近发生的地震的幸存者。A. professionals专业人员；B. volunteers 志愿者；C. survivors 幸存者；D. experts 专家。根据后文 When I reach the girl, she stares at me with sad eyes, and I gently stick out my hand for her to hold to.（当我走到女孩身边时，她用悲伤的眼神盯 着我，我轻轻地伸出手让她握住。）可知，这个女孩是地震幸存者，因此可推知，作者作为“过 来人”去帮助这里的地震幸存者。故选C。12 .句意：失去家人是痛苦的，但因为我改变人生的经历，我变得坚强，我可以改善那些和我一样 遭受痛苦的人的生活。A. painful疼痛的，痛苦的；B. unusual不同寻常的；C.awkward令人尴尬 的，棘手的；D. unique独特的，独一无二的。主语"Losing family"意为"失去家人”，失去家 人是痛苦的。故选A。13 .句意同上。A. appreciate欣赏，感激；B. possess拥有，具有；C.exchange交换；D.improve提 高，改善。与后文“where we can help those around us（在那时我们可以帮助周围的人）”中“help” 相呼应，这里应是D项“improve”，用在句中表达作者希望用自己的力量帮助改善和他拥有相同 经历的人的生活。故选D。14 .句意：有一天，她可能会像我对她那样影响别人。A.affect影响；B.recognize辨认，识别； C.recommend推荐，劝告；D.contact联系，联络。根据后文“the way I did for her”可推知，作者 认为这个女孩或许以后也会像作者一样，用“过来人”的身份做志愿者，去帮助和影响其他人。 故选Ao6句意：她紧紧地握着我的手，我们一起寻找一个更光明的未来，我们可以帮助周围的人，从一 次一场灾难开始改变世界。A. establish建立，设立；B.change改变；C.remove移开，去除；D. revise 修改，复习。根据前文“Today I am going on a trip to California to help (11) of a recent earthquake.(今天我要去加州帮助最近地震的幸存者。)”可知，作者作为一个“过来人”，用志愿 者的身份去帮助其他人，这是他在经历灾难后作出的改变世界的行为，因此可推知，这里作者希 望在将来能够同样在灾难发生后，去帮助受难者，改变灾难后的世界。故选B。36.【答案】【小题1】the【小题2】belongings【小题3】including【小题4】themselves【小题5】in【小题6】before【小题7】are fixed【小题8】which【小题9】To ensure【小题10】Based【解析】1句意：在4月中旬离开空间站之前需要做什么？此处特指中国的空间站，应用定冠词 the修饰名词space。故填the。2.句意：除了个人物品，宇航员还需要“打包”实验数据和样本，以便在地球上进行进一步研究。A. By bus.B. By bicycle. C. By rail.D. By taxi.3. What had you better do to have a better understanding of Chester?A. Choose a bus tour.B. Join a guided tour.C. Take a traditional walk.D. Swim down the river.BAgassi was very emotional at the end of his final game. On September 3, the American tennis player said a tearful goodbye to his 21-year career after a third-round defeat in the US Open. The 36-year-old tried his best, but was unable to keep up with German Benjamin Becker, more than ten years his junior."The scoreboard said I lost today, but what the scoreboard doesn't say is what I've found/ Agassi said to the fans. nI have found inspiration and you willed me to succeed/' It was an emotional speech at the end of a long career. Agassi hated tennis as a teenager as muc