英语语法一般过去时态外语学习语法 _外语学习-语法 .pdf
学习必备 欢迎下载 英语语法 一般过去时态 一定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：last year,yesterday等；也可表示过去经常反复发生的动作，常和 often,always等频率副词连用 二用法：（1）表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，通常一般过去式带有表示动作时间状语的词，词 组或从句,如 yesterday,the day before last,last week,two days ago 等,上下文清楚时可以不带时间状语。I worked in that factory last year.去年我在那一家工厂工作。I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday.昨天我们去了天龙山。（2）一般过去时态：表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。时间标志：yesterday（昨天）,last week（上周）,last month（上个月）,last year（去年）,two months ago（两个月前）,the day before yesterday（前天），in 1990(在 1990 年),in those days（在那些日子里）,just now(刚才),that day，this morning 等表示过去的时间状语。如：I was born in 1990.(我出生在 1990 年)。When did you go to the park?（你是什么时候去的公园）。I went to the park last week.（我是上周去的公园）在上面的句子中第一句属于be 动词的一般过去时态；第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。三句型结构 1 Be 动词的一般过去时态 在没有实义动词的句子中使用 be 动词，am is 的过去式为 was;are的过去式为 were.构成：肯定句：主语+was(were)+宾语,如：I was late yesterday.（昨天我迟到了。）否定句：主语+was(were)+not+宾语 如：We werent late yesterday.(我们昨天没迟到)疑问句：Was(Were)+主语+宾语 如：Were you ill yesterday?（你昨天病了吗？）肯定回答：Yes,I was.(是的，我病了。)否定句：No,I wasnt.(不，我没病。)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was(were)+主语+宾语 如：When were you born?你是什么时候出生的？2.实意动词 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+宾语 She swam in the river yesterday afternoon.否定句：主语+didn t+动词原形+宾语 She didnt swim in the river yesterday afternoon.疑问句：Did+主语 +动词原形+宾语?Did she swim in the river yesterday afternoon.肯定回答：Yes,主语+did .Yes,she did.否定句：No ,主语+didn t.No,she didnt.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语 +动词原形+宾语?-When did she swim in the river?-She swam in the river yesterday afternoon.规则动词的变化规则：一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，去 e 再加-ed。如：live-lived。学习必备 欢迎下载 以单辅音字母结尾，而这个辅音前为单元音字母 a、e、i、o、u 的单音节动词之后，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。不规则动词的过去式大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法：1.以 t 结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如：put put,letlet,cutcut,beatbeat 2.以 d 结尾的词，把 d 变成 t。如:build built,lendlent,sendsent,spendspent 3.以 n 结尾的词，在词后加 t。如：meanmeant,burnburnt,learnlearnt 4.以 ow/aw结尾的词，把 ow/aw变成 ew。如：blowblew,drawdrew,know knew,grow grew 5.含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加 t。如：keepkept,sleepslept,feelfelt,smellsmelt 6.含有元音字母 o/i的词，将 o/i变成 a。如：sing sang,givegave,sitsat,drinkdrank swim swam,begin began,ring rang,B不规则动词 （1）AAA 型 1.burst -burst-burst 2.cast-cast -cast 3.cost -cost-cost 4.cut -cut -cut 5.hit -hit -hit 6.let -let -let 7.spread-spread-spread 8.shut-shut-shut 9.hurt -hurt-hurt 10.put -put-put 11.set -set -set 12.read-read-read (2)AAB 型 beat-beat-beaten (3)ABA 型 come-came -come become -became-become run-ran -run (4)ABB 型 bring-brought-brought build -built -built catch -caught -caught feel -felt -felt find -found -found get -got -got hear -heard -heard keep -kept -kept lead -led -led leave -left -left make -made-made meet -met -met sell -sold -sold buy bought -bought burn-burnt -burnt dig -dug -dug fight-fought -fought feed -fed -fed hang -hung-hung hold -held -held have/has had -had lay -laid -laid lose -lost -lost lend -lent -lent mean-meant -meant pay -paid -paid 和解决排列问题的基本方法能运用已学的排列知识正确地解决简单的实际问题过程与方法通过对排列应用问题的学习让学生通过对具体事例的观察归纳中找出规律得出结论正确地解决的实际问题情感态度与价值观会分析与数字有关概念熟练掌握排列数公式分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对加法原理和乘法原理的掌握和运用并将这两个原理的基本思想方法贯穿在解决排列应用问题当中教学难点分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对于有约束条排列问题的解答三教据并且还常需要直接运用它们去解决问题这两个原理贯穿排列组合学习过程的始终搞好排列组合问题的教学从这两个原理入手带有根本性排列与组合都是研究从一些不同元素中任取元素或排成一排或并成一组并求有多少种不同方法学习必备 欢迎下载 say -said -said stand -stood -stood sweep -swept-swept teach -taught -taught think -thought -thought wind -wound -wound shoot -shot -shot sit -sat -sat shine -shone -shone sleep -slept -slept tell -told -told win -won -won ABC 型 begin -began -begun break -broke -broken draw -drew -drawn drink -drank -drunk forgive -forgave -forgiven freeze -froze -frozen grow -grew -grown go -went -gone lie -lay -lain rise -rose -risen shake -shook -shaken sink -sank -sunk throw -threw -thrown take -took -taken see -saw -seen blow -blew -blown choose -chose -chosen drive -drove -driven eat -ate -eaten fly -flew -flown forget -forgot -forgotten give -gave -given know -knew -known ride -rode -ridden ring -rang -rung sing -sang -sung swim -swam -swum write -wrote -written wear -wore -worn be -was/were -been 一 写 出 下 列 单 词 的 过 去 式：1.do/does _ 2 have/has _ 3.am/is _ 4.are _ 5.go _ 6.pay _ 7.can _ 8.take _ 9.play _ 10.study _ 11.watch _ e _ 13.read _ 14.put _ 15.eat _ 16.begin _ 17.swim _ 18.run _ 19.sing_ 20.buy _ 21.teach _ 22.look _ 23.hope _ 24.see _ 25.live _ 26.get _ 27.stop _ 28.find_ 29.write _ 30.tell _ 30.think _ 二、请用正确动词形式填空。1.I _(have)an exciting party last weekend.2.-_ she _(practice)her guitar yesterday?-No,she _.3.-What _ Tom _(do)on Saturday evenings?-He _(watch)TV and _(read)interesting books.4.They all _(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.5.She _(not visit)her aunt last weekend.She _(stay)at home and _(do)some cleaning.6.-When _ you _(write)this song?和解决排列问题的基本方法能运用已学的排列知识正确地解决简单的实际问题过程与方法通过对排列应用问题的学习让学生通过对具体事例的观察归纳中找出规律得出结论正确地解决的实际问题情感态度与价值观会分析与数字有关概念熟练掌握排列数公式分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对加法原理和乘法原理的掌握和运用并将这两个原理的基本思想方法贯穿在解决排列应用问题当中教学难点分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对于有约束条排列问题的解答三教据并且还常需要直接运用它们去解决问题这两个原理贯穿排列组合学习过程的始终搞好排列组合问题的教学从这两个原理入手带有根本性排列与组合都是研究从一些不同元素中任取元素或排成一排或并成一组并求有多少种不同方法学习必备 欢迎下载 -I _(write)it last year.7.My friend,Carol,_(study)for the math test and _(practice)English last night.8.-_ Mr.Li _(do)the project on Monday morning?-Yes,he _.9.-How _(be)Jims weekend?-It _(be not)bad.10.-_(be)your mother a shop assistant last year?-No.she _.11.Tom and Mary _(come)to China last month.12.Mike _(not go)to bed until 12 oclock last night.So he _(get)up late.13.Mary _English yesterday morning.She often _ in the morning.Listen,she _ in the next room.(read)14.There _(be)no one here a moment ago.15.I _(call)Mike this morning.16.I listened but _(hear)nothing.17.Tom _(begin)to learn Chinese last year.18.Last week we _(plant)many apple trees on the farm.19.My mother _(not do)housework yesterday.20.She _(watch)TV every evening.But she _(not watch)TV last night.21_ your father _(go)to work every day last year?22-What time _ you _(get)to Beijing yesterday?-We _(get)to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening.23.What _(make)him cry(哭)just now?24.Last year the teacher _(tell)us that the earth moves around the sun.25.There _ a telephone call for you just now.(be)26.There _ not enough people to pick apples that day.(be)27.There _(be not)any hospitals in my hometown(家乡)in 1940.28.There _ enough milk at home last week,wasnt there?29.Eli _ to Japan last week.(move)30.When _ you _(come)to china?Last year.31.Did she _(have)supper at home?32.Jack _(not clean)the room just now.33._(be)it cold in your city yesterday?34.How many people _(be)there in your class last term?35.It _(be)hot yesterday and most children _(be)outside.36.There _(be)a football match on TV yesterday evening,but I _(have)no time to watch it.三、句型转换 1.Tom read an English book last week.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_ 对划线部分提问：_ 用 every day 改写_ 2.There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会)3.There was only one problem.和解决排列问题的基本方法能运用已学的排列知识正确地解决简单的实际问题过程与方法通过对排列应用问题的学习让学生通过对具体事例的观察归纳中找出规律得出结论正确地解决的实际问题情感态度与价值观会分析与数字有关概念熟练掌握排列数公式分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对加法原理和乘法原理的掌握和运用并将这两个原理的基本思想方法贯穿在解决排列应用问题当中教学难点分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对于有约束条排列问题的解答三教据并且还常需要直接运用它们去解决问题这两个原理贯穿排列组合学习过程的始终搞好排列组合问题的教学从这两个原理入手带有根本性排列与组合都是研究从一些不同元素中任取元素或排成一排或并成一组并求有多少种不同方法学习必备 欢迎下载 4.Ann did her homework yesterday evening.否定句：_ 一般疑问句：_ 肯定回答：_ 否定回答：_ 对划线部分提问：_ 用 at the monent 改写：_ 5.The children had a good time in the park.7.She had some bread for lunch today.8.They read English last night.四.改错题 1How is Jane yesterday?2He go to school by bus last week.3He often goes home at 6:00 last month.4I can fly kites seven years ago.5Did you saw him just now.6.Tom wasnt watch TV last night.7I didnt my homework yesterday.8.He wait for you three hours ago.9 Who find it just now?_ 五.翻译下列句子 1.我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。_ _a _ _ exciting weekend.2.Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。Jenny likes _ _.She _ a book _ _ last night.3.Emma 每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。Emma _ the guitar every day.But he _ _ yesterday.He _ _ the math test.4.上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。What _ they _ _ Saturday?They _ _ homework and _ _ _.5.今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。This morning Fangfang _ _ _ _ because his father _ _ _ yesterday.6.你还有什么要说的？What _ would you like _ _?7.放学别忘了向老师说声再见。Dont forget _ _ _ _ the teacher.8.为什么你昨晚没有看电视？Why _ you _ TV last night?9.他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When he _ the classroom,he _ a watch on the ground.10.他什么时候出生的？1980 年。-When _ he _?-_ 1980.六.完形填空。Peter didnt like to use his head.He never put his 1 into his studies when he was at school.So he couldn t pass the exam（考试）and he hardly（几乎不）finished（完成）middle school.Later he found work in an office,2 he was not able（可能）to do his job.He had 和解决排列问题的基本方法能运用已学的排列知识正确地解决简单的实际问题过程与方法通过对排列应用问题的学习让学生通过对具体事例的观察归纳中找出规律得出结论正确地解决的实际问题情感态度与价值观会分析与数字有关概念熟练掌握排列数公式分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对加法原理和乘法原理的掌握和运用并将这两个原理的基本思想方法贯穿在解决排列应用问题当中教学难点分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对于有约束条排列问题的解答三教据并且还常需要直接运用它们去解决问题这两个原理贯穿排列组合学习过程的始终搞好排列组合问题的教学从这两个原理入手带有根本性排列与组合都是研究从一些不同元素中任取元素或排成一排或并成一组并求有多少种不同方法学习必备 欢迎下载 to do some heavy work in a factory（工厂）.When he got home,he was always 3 and went to bed very early.Once the young man went to a barbers(理发店).He found the 4 was clean and light.He decided(决定)to 5 a barber,too.He took the barber as his 6 .Three months 7 ,but he learned nothing and the barber told him to go home.The young man had nothing to do.His father helped him to 8 a barbers shop in their small town,but 9 went to his shop.His father wanted others to believe(相信)Peter and asked his son to cut（剪）his hair off.The young man was so nerous (紧张的)that he cut（剪）his fathers ear off.The old man 10 to call out,“Ear!My Ear!”Peter picked（捡）the ear up and said,“stop shouting.Dad!Your ear is here!”()1.A.heart（心）B.body C.ears D.eyes()2.A.so B.but C.or D.since()3.A.hungry B.tired C.dirty D.thirsty()4.A.chair B.barber C.shop D.work()5.A.be B.do C.turn D.change()6.A.worker B.student C.classmate D.teacher()7.A.lost B.came C.reached D.passed()8.A.open B.begin C.make D.sell()9.A.somebody B.everybody C.anybody D.nobody()10.A.begin B.beginning C.began D.begined （B）（用一般过去时态改写）The weather is different in different parts of the world.In some places it is 1 ,and in others it is humid.If the weather is too dry,the land will not be 2 for animals or plants.In humid weather there may be too much 3 .The rivers may go over their sides.The 4 may take the bridge away.If the rivers go over their sides,a lot of people may not have enough food.If there is very dry weather for a long 5 ,the river beds may be dry.In some other parts of the world the weather may be very cold.There may be 6 .When it snows,the trees,the buildings and everything look 7 .In the winter the days are short and the nights are long.8 cold weather nights,when there are no clouds or winds,the 9 is very clear(晴朗的).And the moon and the stars are very beauiful.People may 10 their coats and go out for long walks.When they come back to their houses,they may be happy to have hot coffee and cakes by the fires(火)()1.A.drier B.dry C.cold D.hot()2.A.bad B.worse C.better D.good()3.A.rain B.snow C.wind D.cloud()4.A.river B.rain C.water D.wind()5.A.time B.way C river D.month()6.A.rain B.snow C.blow D.shine()7.A.blue B.green C.yellow D.white()8.A.On B.At C.In D.After()9.A.river B.land C.sky D.earth()10.A.wear B.put on C.in D.dress 七.根据情景，完成对话,一空一词。(10%)和解决排列问题的基本方法能运用已学的排列知识正确地解决简单的实际问题过程与方法通过对排列应用问题的学习让学生通过对具体事例的观察归纳中找出规律得出结论正确地解决的实际问题情感态度与价值观会分析与数字有关概念熟练掌握排列数公式分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对加法原理和乘法原理的掌握和运用并将这两个原理的基本思想方法贯穿在解决排列应用问题当中教学难点分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对于有约束条排列问题的解答三教据并且还常需要直接运用它们去解决问题这两个原理贯穿排列组合学习过程的始终搞好排列组合问题的教学从这两个原理入手带有根本性排列与组合都是研究从一些不同元素中任取元素或排成一排或并成一组并求有多少种不同方法学习必备 欢迎下载 Bob:Hi,Tom.It s four oclock.What 1 you doing here?Tom:Hi,Bob.I m doing my homework.I have a lot of homework to do this 2 .Bob:Do you have a new maths 3 this term（学期）?Tom:Yes.She is from Qingdao.She works hard and gives us a lot of homework.She comes to school very early in the morning.She has lunch at school.She 4 school very late every afternoon.She teaches us well and we all like her.5 your maths teacher?Bob:Its Mr.Li.He comes 6 Chengdu.He teaches maths very well.But he doesnt give us 7 homework.Tom:You are lucky（幸运）.Can you help me 8 my maths work?Bob:Sorry,I 9 .My friends 10 waiting for me to play basketball.I can help you tomorrow.Tom:That s OK.Thank you.Bob:See you tomorrow.Tom:See you.八用一般过去时态改写下列短文 （A）There is a big supermarket near Mrs.Green s home.She usually goes there to buy food.The shop assistant are polite(礼貌的)and helpful.The things are cheap,too.One day Mrs.Green goes to the supermarket.She buys some noodles for Tim and Mimi.They like noodles.Bisuits are also their favorite food.And she buys some milk.Her children always have milk for breakfast.Mimi likes fish and Tim likes hot dogs.She buys some sausages for them,too.Mrs.Green doesn t have enough rice at home.She wants to buy a bag of rice,but she can t take it.It is very heavy.David,the shop assistant,is helping her.（B）Rose is an English girl.She has a young brother.His name is Jim.They are good students Their father and mother are engineers.The family is a happy one.They work very long hours on weekdays.So they usually go to play in the park on weekends.Today is Saturday.They want to go there with their little dog.They leave home at 8:00.They take the number 212 bus to the park.They have lunch in the park.They get home at 4:00.They are tired but they are happy.(C)A Clever Hen and a Fox There is a light brown hen living in a small house.On the hill near her house there is an old fox.This fox wants to have the hen for his dinner very much.But he can t catch(抓住)her because she is very clever.One day the hen isn t at home.The fox goes into her house.The hen goes back home and the fox catches her and puts her in his bag.Then he runs back to his house with the bag.The hen has a good idea.She makes a hole(洞)in the bag and gets out.When the fox comes back home for his supper,he finds his bag empty.完形填空：Dear Susan,I am so happy to hear from you!I 36 we can be good friends and you can often 37 me in English.In this way,I can improve my English.The winter vacation is coming.Are you taking a 38 to other countries?Im visiting some countries in 39 like Greece and Spain.They are beautiful and every year lots of 40 go there to visit.和解决排列问题的基本方法能运用已学的排列知识正确地解决简单的实际问题过程与方法通过对排列应用问题的学习让学生通过对具体事例的观察归纳中找出规律得出结论正确地解决的实际问题情感态度与价值观会分析与数字有关概念熟练掌握排列数公式分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对加法原理和乘法原理的掌握和运用并将这两个原理的基本思想方法贯穿在解决排列应用问题当中教学难点分析和解决排列问题的基本方法对于有约束条排列问题的解答三教据并且还常需要直接运用它们去解决问题这两个原理贯穿排列组合学习过程的始终搞好排列组合问题的教学从这两个原理入手带有根本性排列与组合都是研究从一些不同元素中任取元素或排成一排或并成一组并求有多少种不同方法学习必备 欢迎下载 Im going on vacation with my two sisters,Annie and Betty.This is 41 first time to go to these countries.We are staying 42 ten days.We are going to some big cities and we re going to the countryside,too.There we are 43 many photos.I ll send some of them to you 44 I come back home.Oh,we also want to rent a 45 there.Then we can drive to the places where we want to go.I cant wait for this exciting vacation!Yours,Wang Jun()36.A.want B.hope C.plan ()37.A.look after B.listen to C.write to()38.A.vacation B.walk C.shower ()39.A.America B.Europe C.Africa ()40.A.students B.waiters C.tourists ()41.A.your B.their C.our ()42.A.for B.with C.on ()43.A.making
