初三英语词性转换教学资料.docx

初三英语词性转换1.v+ ment 结尾achieve - achievement  成就advertise - advertisement  广告agree - agreement 同意apartment  公寓amusement 娱乐argue - argument 争吵commit - commitment 奉献compliment 称赞，恭维develop - development 发展 disgree - disagreement  不赞同department 局，部experiment 实验，试验equip 装备 - equipment 装备，器材   govern 统治 - government 政府manage-management 经营 管理2V+ tion 结尾admit - admission 承认attract - attraction   吸引conclude - conclusion 结论compete - competition 竞争，比赛discuss - discussion 讨论educate - education 教育decide - decision 决定describe - description描写，描绘express -expression 词语；表达graduate - graduation 毕业operate - operation 操作，动手术organize -organizationimagine - imagination 想象力introduce -introduction 介绍instruct - instruction  指导， 介绍invent- inventor / invention 发明illustrate - illustration 阐明，举例说明invite - invitation  邀请inspire-inspiration 灵感，鼓舞人心的pollute - pollution 污染predict -prediction 预言                   pronounce -pronunciation                  resolve - resolution 决心impress - impression 印象permit - permission 允许suggest -suggestion    建议，暗示            solve -solution 解决方法3V+ ance 结尾allow - allowance 允许appear - appearance 外貌 ，出现perform - performance 演出exist - existance 存在4V+ ing 结尾bathe 洗澡 -bathingend 结束 - ending 结尾，结局train 训练-trainingmean - meaning 意义say- saying 谚语remind - reminding提醒5V+ 其他beg(乞讨)-beggar 乞丐sit-seat 座位employ- -employer 雇主，老板 -employee雇员believe - belief 信仰behave 行为，举止- behavior  行为know- knowledge 知识fly- flight 飞行heat 加热-heat 热量hit 撞击 - hit 轰动一时的人或物mix 混合 - mixture 混合物press 按，压 - pressure 压力receive - receptionist 接待员serve - service 服务succeed -success 成功tour 在.旅游，在.作巡回演出 直接+地点 tour China -tour 旅游/ tourist 游客pursue - pursuit 追求，从事propose - proposal 建议withdraw - withdrawal 取钱；收回；撤退survive - survival-survivor 幸存者arrive - arrival到达analyze - analysis 分析名词/动词变形容词1名词+yanger  - angry 生气的honest - honesty 诚实的hunger-hungry 饥饿的fog- foggy 有雾的fur- furry 毛皮的guilt 罪恶-guilty 内疚的health-healthy 健康的luck-lucky  幸运的 cloud-cloudy 多云的windwindy  多风的rain-rainy 多雨的 snow-snowy  多雪的 sun- sunny 阳关灿烂的tourist - touristy 游客多的business-busy 忙碌的salt 盐- salty 咸的shine-shiny 发亮的silk 丝绸 -silky 丝绸般的sleep- sleepy 昏昏欲睡的taste 口味，品味- tasty 甜的fish-fishy 怀疑的2.名词/动词+ edbalance - balanced 平衡的spot 斑点，地点 - spotted 有斑点的talent - talented 有天赋的organize -organized 有组织的distust -distusted 厌恶的offend -offended 生气的crowd -crowded 拥挤的pollute -polluted 被污染的please -pleased 高兴的3名词+ ful/lessmeaning - meaningful 有意义的care - careful/ careless 小心的；粗心的help- helpful / helplesshome - homeless 无家可归的colour- colourful 多彩的pain 疼痛 -painful 痛苦的use- useless/ useful 有用的thank- thankful 充满感激的peace 和平 -  peaceful 平静的，宁静的play -  playful 顽皮的，爱玩耍的4名词/动词+ able还有一般以e 结尾的词，去e 加able， change - changeable  易变的动词以辅音加y结尾 把y变i 加able ， deny- deniable  可否认的rely- reliable 可靠的adjust-adjustable 可调整的comfort-comfortable 舒适的 knowledge-knowledgeable 知识渊博的suit 一套-suitable 合适的 5.名词+ ouscourage-courageous 勇敢的danger- dangerous 危险的mystery 神秘- mysterious 神秘的6.ce 变 tconfidence- confident 自信的 difference-different 不同的dependence - dependent 依赖他人的 independence- independent 独立的7. al 结尾addition- additional 附加的，额外的class- classical 经典的medicine 药-medical 医学的music- musical 音乐的nature-natural 自然的person-personal (私人的)nation- national 国家的education-educational有教育意义的tradition- traditional 传统的origin起源-original 新颖的；独创的grammar- grammatical 语法的globe- global 全球的8名词+ lyfriend- friendly 友好的live-lively 活跃的，有生气的love-lovely 可爱的week-weekly  每周的   man-manly 男子气概的；强壮的9.+ en 结尾wood- wooden 木制的wool- woolen 羊毛的10. 其他energy精力-energetic 精力充沛的 strategy-strategic 战略的fool 傻子-foolish 愚蠢的freedom 自由-free 空的， 免费的height 高度-high 高的illness 疾病- ill  生病的 love-loving 慈爱的death-dead 死亡的pleasure-pleasant / pleasedpopularity 流行性-popularpride-proud 自豪的 scientist-scientific 科学的形容词变副词1 形容词+ lybad-badly 坏地bright-brightly  明亮地casual-casually 随意地clear-clearly  清楚地complete-completely 完全correct-correctly 正确地final-finally  最后fortunate-fortunately幸运地general-generally 一般来讲loud-loudly 大声地particular 特殊的，独特的-particularlypolite-politely 礼貌地proper 合适的，恰当的-properlymain-mainly  主要地most 多数-mostly 多半，大多数normal-normally 正常地quick-quickly  迅速地quiet-quietly 轻轻地，安静地real-really 真正地recent 最近的-recently  最近；近来hard 难的；努力地-hardly 几乎不late 迟的-lately  最近；近来sad-sadly  悲哀地slow-slowly 缓慢地special-specially 专门，特殊地specific-specifically 特定地，明确地strong-strongly 坚决地， 强烈地sudden-suddenly突然usual-usually 通常2. 以le 结尾的 去e + ycomfortable-comfortably 舒服地gentle-gently 温柔地possible-possibly 可能地simple-simply 仅仅；只；简单地terrible-terribly 非常；极度地3. 辅音字母+ y 变 ilyeasy-easily   容易地heavy-heavily  沉重地happy-happily 快乐地4.特殊good-well好地   well 身体健康的 true-truly 真实地efficient有效率的-efficiency 效率patient-patience/impatience 耐性/无耐心dependent-dependenc依赖性independent-independency 独立性true-truth 真相high-height 高度wide-width 宽度 long-length 长度possible-possibility 可能responsible-responsibility 责任；职责urgent-urgency 紧急prosperous-prosperity 繁荣accurate-accuracy 准确性modern-modernize   使.现代化                     social-socialize 使.社会化fast-fasten   使固定；集中于                              short- shorten 缩短long-lengthen   使延长                wide-widen 放宽less-lessen   使.减少                                strong -strengthen 加强；巩固large - enlarge 扩大；放大beauty 美，人-beautiful- beautifullycare-careful-carefullycare-careless-carelesslydifference-different-differentlyfortune-fortunate-fortunately/unfortunatelyhappiness-happy-happilyhunger-hungry-hungrilyhealth-healthy-healthilyluck-lucky-luckilynoise-noisy-noisilypride-proud-proudly骄傲地sadnes-sad-sadlysafety 安全；安全的地方-safe-safelysilence-silent-silently 默默地success-successful-successfullytruth-true-trulyunluck-unlucky-unluckilywonder 奇迹-wonderful-wonderfully方位的词  名词形容词East-easternWest-westernSouth-southernNorth-northernIn the west of ChinaIn the western part of China洲  名词-形容词Asia 亚洲-  Asian       Africa 非洲-AfricanEurope欧洲- European    America 美洲-American既是形容词又是副词early：get up early；an early trainlate：be late for class；come late for schooldeep：dive deep into the sea ；a hole deep largehigh：jump high；a high mountainhard：a hard question；a hard stone  ；work hard / study hard  rain hardlong：It takes too long；It takes a long timefar：jump far；My home is far from schoolstraight：a straight line；go straight along here英语词性转换九大要点整理一、名词 1.名词的可数与不可数可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。要表示“一个”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。2.名词复数的规则变化A.一般情况下加-s。B.以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-esC.以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-esD.以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es3.名词的所有格A. 单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加s。B. 表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一人的名字后加s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后s。C. 如果是通过在词尾加s构成的复数形式的名词，只加。另外：名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。二、代词 人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，指示代词，不定代词1.人称代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数 we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数 you you your yours yourself复数 you you your yours yourselves第三人称单数 he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数 they them their theirs themselves2.物主代词物主代词的用法：形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词；名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。 3.反身代词反身代词的构成分两种：第一、二人称反身代词在形容词性物主代词后加上self或selves，第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves.反身代词的用法：一种是作宾语，由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。另一种是作名词或代词的同位语;用来加强语气。 4.指示代词指示代词的特殊用法： 为了避免重复，可用that，those代替前面提到过的名词，但是this，these不可以。 this，that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。5.不定代词one,some,any,other,another,all,both,each,neither,many,much等 三、冠词 1.不定冠词an用在元音读音开头(不是指元音字母)的词前，其余用不定冠词a.2.定冠词的基本用法A. 用在重新提到的人或事物前面。B. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物前面。C. 用在单数可数名词前面，表示某一类人或事物。 3.定冠词的特殊用法A. 用在世界上独一无二的事物或方位名词前。B. 用在序数词、形容词的最高级及only所修饰的名词前。C. 用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前面。D. 用在由普通名词和另外一些词所构成的专有名词前面。E. 用在姓氏的复数形式前面，表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人。F. 用在乐器名称前。G. 和某些形容词连用，表示某一类人或事物。 4.名词前不用冠词的情况A. 在专有名词 (包括人名、地名、节日、月份、季节) 、物质名词和抽象名词前般不用冠词。但在以Festival组成的民间节日前要加the。B. 表示一类人或事物的复数名词前。C. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词。D. 三餐饭、球类、棋类、游戏名称前一般不用冠词。正在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。(sit) at table就餐; sit at the table坐在桌边go to school去上学;go to the school去那所学校;in hospital住院;in the hospital在那个医院里四、数词 1. 数字的表示三位数数词要在百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and。1，000以上的数字，从后向前第三位数加一个“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand，第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion。 2.序数词除了first，second，third外，其余都在基数词尾加-th构成。 3. 分数分子在前，分母在后，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1小时，分母序数词要变成复数。 4.hundreds(thousands，millions)of 五、形容词 1.形容词的位置A. 形容词作定语一般要放在名词前面，但当形容词修饰不定代词something，nothing，anything时要放在所修饰的不定代词之后。B. 当形容词带有表示度量的词或词组作定语或表语时，定语或表语要后置。 2.形容词的比较等级单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加(e)r，(e)st来构成比较级和最高级。其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。 六、副词1.副词的比较等级单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。绝大多数副词借助more，most来构成比较级和最高级。 2.少数形容词和副词比较级/最高级的不规则变化：原级 比较级 最高级well better bestbadly worse worstmuch more mostlittle less leastfar farther farthestfarthest furthestlate later latest3.副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词the。 七、介词 1.表示时间的介词及介词短语in, at, on, before，after，till，since，for, fromto, until， by，in the middle of，at the beginning of， at the end of，at half past five，at night，in a week，in the morning，in class，at sunrise， in spring/summer/autumn/winter，on Sunday，on Saturday afternoon，on a winter evening，for a long time，for two months，after school，since liberation，before lunch，at the time of，at the age of 2.表示地点的介词及介词短语in，at，into，to，on，beside，before，behind，above，under，outside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across， off， down， among， past，between，out of，around，in the front of， in the middle of， at the back of，at the foot of，at home，at the gate，at the table，in the sky， on the ground，in a tree， in the south，in the sun，in the bed，on ones way home，by the side 八、动词 动词根据其后是否可直接跟宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词（可直接跟宾语）、不及物动词（不能直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，必须加上某个介词）。系动词1）状态系动词：用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，2）持续系动词：用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep， rest， remain， stay， lie， stand，3）表像系动词：用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem， appear， look，4）感官系动词：感官系动词主要有feel， smell， sound， taste，5）变化系动词：这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词有become， grow， turn， fall， get， go， come， run.6）终止系动词：表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove， turn out， 表达“证实”，“变成”之意， 九、连词 连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。 比较so和 suchsuch 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组。so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。初中英语词性转化100题含答案词性转换11. My little brothers ambition is to be an actor like Jackie Chan. ( act )2. Whats the weather like today? Its cloudy ( clou d )3. Children usually begin school at the age of six. ( aged )4. Children aged seven must go to school. ( age )5. Mary has made several films. She is a wonderful actress . ( act )6. The girl over there is the most active member in our school singing group. ( act )7. Joan plays the guitar, and in addition, she writes her own songs. ( add )*8. At the end of his speech, Tim added a few points to show his agreement. ( addition ) *9. She acts her part well, because she is one of the most famous actresses in the world.( act )*10.Yoga is one of his favourite activities. ( act )词性转换21. We didnt know whether he was dead or alive. (live)2. We all know that water is very important to all living things. (live)3. Spiders can live for several days without food. (alive)4.Disneyland is a famous amusement park. (amuse)5. Jack told his students an amusing story. (amuse)6. I can never find my pens at home because they disappeared after I bought them. (disappear)7. I must go now because I have an important meeting to attend. (attentive)8. My Mum bought a new washing machine, its automatic (automatically)*9. Grandpa Li lives alone because he has no children. (alive)*10. When Tom was parking his car in the street, a policeman appeared in front of him.(disappear)词性转换31. The students of Class One will attend a lecture on how to fight pollution. (attentively)2. The lift can open and close the door automatically (automatic)3. Kate sings so beautifully that many people like her very much. (beautiful)4.The light music sounded very beautiful. I enjoy every minute of it. (beautifully)5. She knows the subject from beginning to end. (begin)6.At the beginning of this century, the APEC conferences were held successfully in shanghai. (begin)7. What a bright day were having these days! ( brightly )8. Of all the subjects chemistry is my favourite subject. ( chemical )*9. No one knows why dinosaurs disappeared suddenly. (appear)*10. After running 500 meters, I began to feel tired. (beginning)词性转换41. Another across sea bridge will be built in China soon. ( build )2. Youd be more careful next time, or youll make the same mistake again! ( care )3. Among all the students in our class Li Ming writes the most carefully. ( careful )4. Could you tell me whether it is a chemical change or a physical change? ( chemistry )5. In summer the sun is always shining brightly. ( bright )6. How do you know that Joyce was a popular choice as a chief editor? ( choose )7. They want to make it clear to the public that air pollution is harmful to us. ( clearly )8. The students are not allowed to touch the chemicals without permission. ( chemistry ) *9.Do you think it is good to have so many tall buildings in our city? ( build )*10. You look healthier than before. (healthy)词性转换51. Both of the trousers are well designed, I dont know which pair to choose . ( choice )2. Please say it loudly so that everybody can hear you clearly. ( clear )3. The little boy asked if the rain came from the clouds. ( cloudy )4. When I was of your age, I was very strong. ( aged )5. Nowadays children prefer hamburgers to any other food, but they are not good for childrens health （healthy）6. It rained heavily last night and the river rose two feet. (heavy)7. The heater in my car doesnt work properly. (heat)8. Its very important for us to have plenty of healthy food. (health)*9. Traffic today is much heavier than that of tomorrow. (heavy)*10. The fishermen over there live in the same housing estate. (fish)词性转换61.Two women doctors will give us a lecture on health diet tomorrow.