山东省聊城市届高三英语一模考试.doc

2020年聊城市高考模拟试题英语（一）本试卷分三部分，共10页。满分120分。考试用时100分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhich book you should read is based on your next travel destination.As youre traveling around Amsterdam, read “The Fault in Our Stars”.Previously adapted into a film in 2014, John Greens story of star-crossed teenagers famously includes a trip to Amsterdam. The Anne Frank House and The Rijksmuseum are two of many major destinations mentioned in the book. Plus, the bench from the film adaption of this novel has even become its own tourist spot.“The Elegance of the Hedgehog” is excellent reading for a trip to Paris.Before wandering down the Champs-lysées, open Muriel Barberys novel for a delightful peek into the lives of wealthy Parisians. Set in an upscale French, apartment building, the story follows two totally different people who discover they are kindred souls.Bring “One Hundred Years of Solitude” to read in South America.A significant work of literature, Gabriel García Márquezs classic follows generations of the Buendía family as they live in their South-American town. García Márquezs magical realism paired with his lush descriptions makes the book a perfect read for visiting some of the breathtaking sights of South America.“Call Me by Your Name” by André Aciman should perhaps be read in the summertime, in Italy.André Acimans novel is said to take place in the Northern-Italian seaside region of Liguria. And if youve seen the 2017 coming-of-age film adaptation of the book, youll already know the story describes beautiful summers in Northern Italy, complete with seaside encounters and lush greenery.If youre visiting New York City, enter the mind of Holden Caulfield.“The Catcher in the Rye” is a classic tale of a lost teenagers unplanned trip to New York City. In the JD-Salinger novel, Holden visits a nightclub in the East Village, goes ice skating in Rockefeller Center, and takes his sister to the Central Park Zoo.1. Which book was adapted into a film in 2017?A. The Fault in Our Stars.B. The Elegance of the Hedgehog.C. One hundred Years of solitude.D. Call Me by Your Name.2. Which of the following best explains the underlined word “kindred”?A. Powerful.B. Similar.C. Gentle.D. friendly.3. What does the book “The Catcher in the Rye” mainly talk about?A. Star-crossed teenagers trip to Amsterdam.B. A teenagers unintended trip to New York City.C. Seaside encounters in beautiful summers in Northern Italy.D. The life of generations of the Buendia family in South-American town.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B【解析】【分析】本文是应用文， 介绍了几本与旅游目的地相关的文学小说。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第四个小标题“Call Me by Your Nameby André Aciman should perhaps be read in the summertime, in Italy.”部分中“if youve seen the 2017 coming-of-age film adaptation of the book, youll already know the story describes beautiful summers in Northern Italy, complete with seaside encounters and lush greenery. （如果你看过2017年由这本书改编的青春片，你就会知道这个故事描述了意大利北部美丽的夏天，还有海边的邂逅和茂盛的植被。）”可知，小说请以你的名字呼唤我于2017年改编成电影。故选D项。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二个小标题“The Elegance of the Hedgehog” is excellent reading for a trip to Paris. ”部分中，划线词所在的句子“who discover they are kindred souls. ”是定语从句，修饰先行词“ two totally different people”，可以推测kindred与two totally different语义相关，意思为“类似的，相似的”。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第五个小标题“If youre visiting New York City, enter the mind of Holden Caulfield. ”部分中“The Catcher in the Rye is a classic tale of a lost teenagers unplanned trip to New York City.”可知，麦田里的守望者是一个经典的故事，讲述了一个迷路的少年意外的纽约之旅。故选B项。【点睛】阅读理解中词义猜测技巧1.根据下定义、定语从句、同位语或破折号对所修饰的词的解释说明猜测生词的词义。如：（1）Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces .分析：通过whose引导的定语从句，可以推测The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字。（2）This terrible tornadoa wind which went round and round as fast as 500 miles an hour and picked up everything in its path, such as large trees, cars and even houses.分析：根据破折号后面的句意，可以猜测出tornado意思是“龙卷风”。（3）Some good readers find it helpful to use their sense to visualize or picture what they read.分析：根据破折号后的词picture的解释，可以推测visualize的意思为“想象”。如本题第2小题，根据划线词所在的句子“who discover they are kindred souls. ”，是一个定语从句，修饰先行词“ two totally different people”，因此可以推测kindred与two totally different语义相关，意思为“类似的，相似的”。故选B项。BAustralias Prime Minister Scott Morrison has expressed regret over his handling of the bushfire crisis damaging the country. The PM has faced mounting criticism over his governments response to the bushfires and its climate policy.Since September, bushfires have killed at least 28 people and destroyed thousands of homes. Mr Morrisons government has been accused of not doing enough to address climate change, which experts say could increase the intensity, frequency and scale of bushfires.But in the interview, the PM defended his governments approach, which he said took into account the effect of climate change on the bushfires.Each year there is a fire season during the Australian summer, with hot, dry weather making it easy for blazes (火焰) to start and spread. Natural causes are to blame most of the time, like lightning strikes in drought-affected forests. Humans can also be to blame. NSW police have charged at least 24 people with deliberately starting bushfires, and have taken legal action against 183 people for fire-related offenses since November, according to a police statement.Bushfire conditions eased on Saturday, giving firefighters a temporary short break in areas where blazes are still raging. But authorities have warned that the huge fires, spurred by high temperatures, wind and a three-year drought, will persist until there is substantial rainfall.About half a billion animals have been affected by the fires across NSW, with millions likely dead. The figures for NSW include birds, reptiles, and mammals, except bats. It also excludes insects and frogs, so the real sum is almost certain to be higher, the ecologists said. Almost a third of koalas in NSW may have been killed in the fires, and a third of their habitat has been destroyed, said Federal Environment Minister Sussan Ley.4. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. The bushfires cause little damage to peoples life in Australia.B. The PM criticized that his government didnt take appropriate methods.C. The PM took active measures to deal with the bushfires damaging the country.D. Experts say the governments inadequate action could worsen the bushfires.5. Which factor has made the huge fires more serious according to authorities?A. wet weatherB. lightning strikeC. long-lasting droughtD. heavy rainfall6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. More animals have been affected than the number shows.B. a billion animals face extinction due to the fires.C. Koalas are in an immediate danger of dying out.D. The huge fires have no influence on insects and frogs.7. Where is the passage probably from?A. A sci-fi book.B. A news website.C. A fashion magazine.D. A travel journal.【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B【解析】本文是新闻报道，报道了澳大利亚民众认为政府对森林火灾的反应不足，导致火灾蔓延。文章也分析了澳大利亚森林火灾原因、造成的损失和影响。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mr Morrisons government has been accused of not doing enough to address climate change, which experts say could increase the intensity, frequency and scale of bushfires.（莫里森政府被指责在应对气候变化方面做得不够，专家表示，这可能会增加森林火灾的强度、频率和规模。）”可知，专家认为，政府的应对不足的行为可能会使森林大火进一步恶化。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“authorities have warned that the huge fires, spurred by high temperatures, wind and a three-year drought, will persist until there is substantial rainfall.”（有关当局警告说，高温、大风和持续三年的干旱引发的大火将持续到出现大量降雨。）可知，根据当局的说法，高温、大风和持续三年的干旱会使大火更严重。在有大量降雨前大火还会继续蔓延。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲述大火对动物造成的影响。根据最后一段中“The figures for NSW include birds, reptiles, and mammals, except bats. It also excludes insects and frogs, so the real sum is almost certain to be higher,（新南威尔士州的数据包括鸟类、爬行动物和哺乳动物(蝙蝠除外)。它还排除了昆虫和青蛙，所以实际的总和几乎肯定会更高）”可以推断，很多动物还没有被统计，因此实际上有比数据显示的更多的动物受到影响。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，文章介绍了澳大利亚森林火灾的相关情况。政府因为对森林大火和气候政策反应不足，受到民众的批评；还介绍了森林大火造成的损失和引起大火的原因分析。文章应该是来自于新闻网站上关于澳大利亚森林大火的新闻报道。故选B项。CAncient Greek used zodiac signs (星座) to judge a persons character traits. Today people are still fascinated with trying to figure out peoples personality type based on science.According to The Washington Post, a new study published in the journal Nature Human Behavior on September17, could tell us something more about the four personality types: reserved (内向的), role models, average and self-centered.In this study, participants were asked to rate a number of written statements related to the five main personality traits: extroversion (外向性), agreeableness, conscientiousness (责任性), emotional stability and openness.Researchers found self-centered people scored higher on extroversion, but lower than average on the other four traits. “These are people you dont want to hang out with,” coauthor William Revelle, told the Daily Mail.Members of the reserved group were lacking in openness and extroversion, but were more agreeable and conscientious. These people are usually unwilling to try new things, but are kind and cooperative, according to the study.People defined as role models scored well in most traits, but were weak in emotional stability. “These are people who are dependable and open to new ideas,” said Luis Amaral, co-director of the Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems in the US.Besides these three personality types, a totally new type was found: average, which gets average scores in all traits. Females are more likely than males to fall into this type.The study also shows that there is connection between personality type, gender and age. For example, role models are usually seniors, while the traits of the self-centered type mainly fall in teenage males.However, “certain facts are changing,” Amaral told USA Today. “As people mature and grow, their personality also matures and grows.”8. Which type of people are you probably unwilling to pass the time with according to William Revelle?A. Self-centered.B. Role models.C. Reserved.D. Average.9. Which words can best describe reserved people?A. Extroverted and agreeable.B. Open-minded and considerate.C. Reliable and pleasant.D. Cooperative and aggressive.10. What can be concluded from the last two paragraphs?A. Most young people are self-centered.B. Role models are often middle-aged people.C. Personality type has little to do with gender or age.D. Peoples personality tends to become better as they age.11. Which of the following is the best title?A. Personality Types Based on ScienceB. Personality Types and AgeC. Zodiac Signs and PersonalitiesD. Extroverted or Introverted Personality【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. A【解析】本文是说明文。 文章介绍了在自然人类行为杂志上发表的关于人们的四种个性类型信息的一项新研究的结果。【8题详解】细节理解题。文章第四段是对以自我为中心的人的研究情况。根据第四段中“These are people you dont want to hang out with,coauthor William Revelle, told the Daily Mail.”可知,在William Revelle看来,人们不愿意与以自我为中心的人一起出去消磨时间。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。文章第5段是关于保守性格的人的研究情况。根据第5段中对保守性格的人的描述“lacking in openness and extroversion, but were more agreeable and conscientious. These people are usually unwilling to try new things, but are kind and cooperative（ 缺乏开放性和外向性，但更和蔼可亲，更有责任心。这些人通常不愿意尝试新事物，但他们很友好，乐于合作）”可以推断，保守性格的人更有责任心，因此更可靠；他们性格友好，相处的时候也更令人愉快。 故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。文章倒数第二段提到“there is connection between personality type, gender and age（性格类型、性别和年龄之间存在联系）”； 根据最后一段中提到“certain facts are changing,” “As people mature and grow, their personality also matures and grows.（“某些事实是不断变化的。.随着人们的成长，会变得成熟，他们的个性也会成熟起来。）”。因此可以推断，随着年龄的增长，人的性格会变得成熟起来，个性会变好。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“Today people are still fascinated with trying to figure out peoples personality type based on science. （人们仍然痴迷于试图根据科学来找出人们的个性类型。）和第二段中“a new study published in the journal Nature Human Behavior on September17,could tell us something more about the four personality types: reserved (内向的), role models, average and self-centered.”，文章是关于在自然人类行为 杂志上发表的一项关于四种人的个性类型的新的研究结果，因此标题应该是“基于科学基础上的性格类型”。故选A项。DNowadays, more and more employers and employees work online either full-time or part-time, and that number is continuing growing. Its believed that flying around the world for face-to-face company meetings is a waste of time and money. An effective choice to get rid of it is to use Web meetings.A large of group presentations, training classes and meetings are done online without losing the face-to-face experience. Web meetings are online meetings where an organizer invites attendees to listen to or watch an online presentation by presenters. Besides, Web meetings can be recorded for later us.Presenters can take real-time surveys to study how to hold a successful meeting. Some Web meeting software programs can monitor the users desktop behavior to see if they become distracted from the presentation and begin working on other documents. If so the program can tell presenters when the listeners lose their attention, and how long the distraction lasts. In this way, the presenters will know which parts of their meetings need improving.Web meetings can work well because theyre hosted on a server (服务器). Images from the presenters desktop are taken, uploaded to a server and then downloaded by people who have access to the server. Web meetings require a powerful server to deal with several images a second and “serve” them back to thousands of users at the same time.Companies have two choices when it comes to these servers. They can either buy a special Web meeting server to host their meetings on-site, or they can pay for a Web meeting service every time and let the off-site provider worry about hosting the meetings. The choice depends on how frequently the company holds Web meetings, the average number of people attending the meetings, and the quality of engineering and information technology.Web meetings are an excellent example of how technology is changing the way we do business. With all the technologies today, the traditional office might soon be a thing of the past.12. In what way do some Web meeting software programs help improve the meetings?A. By tracking the users state.B. By giving useful suggestions.C. By sharing detailed technical data.D. By providing other presenters videos.13. Its better for a company to buy a Web meeting server if it _.A. relies little on the quality of ITB. holds Web meetings twice a weekC. doesnt have so many employeesD. has branches in the same city or province14. What can we infer about Web meetings?A. Web meetings help presenters stay focused.B. Web meetings work without the help of a server.C. Web meetings determine the quality of engineering