新编英语教程4_李观仪版练习册答案.pdf
UnitlTEXT IComprehensionAnswers for reference:A.1.As the saying goes,KAs you sow,so will youreap，which means whatever a man sows he willreap.The writer intends to convince the reader thatmaking New Years resolutions also follows thismaxim.The more resolutions you make at thebeginning of the year,the better results you willhave.2.He had read a number of books on selfimprovement before he made his resolutions.Hewrote out a long list of resolutions.He wanted tomake a different man of himself a loving fatherand an ideal husband-by trying to attend toeveryones needs.3.Having written a long list of resolutions,he longedto put them into practice,thinking that they would bea great success.4.Judging from the information given in the text,hewas a serious and strict father to the children.He didnot like to be bothered with questions.He nevertreated them as his equals.He showed no interest intheir friends nor in what they were doing.Having aquick temper,he got excited easily and often yelledat them.He did not allow any mischievousbehaviour to go on at home.He was one of thosehusbands who did not like to lift a finger to help hiswife and do household chores.What he did in hisfree time was enjoy himself thoroughly.He had agood time at parties and liked to stay out late even ifthis meant he had a headache the next day.Athome,what he did most of the time was either watcha footfall match or read the newspaper.5.He tried to be considerate and helpful,but failed.All his efforts to be a good busband went contrary tohis expectations.The whole family was thrown intodisorder and confusion.His wife was annoyed by hisgood manners and smart remarks,thinking theywere affected and that he was being sarcastic onpurpose.She attributed his cheerfulness,goodtemper and thoughtfulness to not feeling his bestafter staying out late.6.He wanted to do better but did not know how todo it appropriately.On New Years Day,he was in aparticularly cheerful and good mood,eager torender any service to his wife and children.He dideverything of his own accord.He was considerate tohis wife to the minutest detail and he graciouslycondescended to play jacks with Gretchen,build asnowman for the boys and strike up a conversationwith Kit.But the result in every case proved to bejust the opposite to what he had expected.Thewriter behaved like a changed man.What he didwas suddenly totally different from what he used todo,so his family was unprepared for this change.Thats why,to them,his behaviour was too good tobe true-his temper was too good to be believed,and his thoughtfulness was too great to be natural.7.It means:MThe whole family are happy to see thatyour have come to be your usual self again and youare behaving naturally.At last everything will goback to normal.”B.Reference version:1.Quite obviously,anyone who was determined tobe guided by the rules of self improvement Icollected would be happy and have a richer life,infinite affection from his family and the love andrespect of the community.2.Show your love readily and willingly.3.Whole hearted and genuine praise is reallyvaluable.4.Join your children and treat them as your equals.5.I heard screams down the hall one after anotherand I found Gretchen crying.6.The most unimportant light task may turn out tobe worthwhile if it is dealt with eagerly and withinterest.7.I started to have a conversation with Kit in afriendly way and tried my best to achieve closeagreement and understanding between us.8.You never troubled yourself to chat with people inthe past.Why do you want to start doing it now?TEXT IIComprehension1.F(He knew this beforehand,but he had to gothere because he felt the bank was the only place tokeep his money safely.)2.T3.F(The manager said HGood morning”not to Mr.Montgomery,but to the writer.Good morningH inthis case is not a greeting,but a farewell,meaning“Good bye”.)4.F(The clerks were at first astonished,and thenamused.)5.F(He was never very rich.All he saved weresome silver dollars in a sock.)K 1 3TEXT IIIComprehension1.C2.B3.A4.C5.AGUIDED WRITINGSentence CombinationReference version:It is much less common for people to carry cash inthe West than it is for people to carry cash in China.Often it is not safe to have large amounts of cash onhand in the West.Most people use cheques or credit cards to avoidcarrying cash with them.Cheques are commonlyused to pay rent,for utilities,and telephone bills andcan also be used to make purchases while creditcards are mainly used to make purchases.Credit cards are pieces of plastic,usually 5.5cm.by8.5cm.They are issued by banks and stores thatwant people to spend more money.Whenpurchasing something,the buyer will give his creditcard to the seller.The seller will check theinformation on the card and record it,accept thecard instead of accepting money.The seller will givethe buyer a receipt and another receipt goes to thebank.The bank will then send a bill to the buyer,usually after 30 days.COMPREHENSIVE EXERCISESI.Spelling1.downstairs2.spontaneous3.creativity4.jovially5.wander6.shriek?.chore8.poisonous9.relieveW.interruptionll.reckless12.wretchedII.DictationThe United States is becoming more and more a“cashless societyH.People are making purchases bycheque,charge accounts or credit cards,rather thancarrying large amounts of money in their pockets orpurses.Normally people pay by cheque at the end of eachmonth at department stores and some food marketsand drugstores.They also pay monthly by chequefor rent,telephone calls,electricity,milk,newspaperdeliveries,and similar household expenses.Maryhave charge cards to pay for petrol and servicestation expenses and credit cards for restaurant,hotel,and travel costs.Many other people,however,prefer to pay asthey go and not accumulate monthly bills.Mostpeople work out a combination,paying some bills incash and charging others.This is a matter ofpersonal choice.But if you have charge accounts,be sure to pay promptly;the interest charged for latepayments can be high.K 1 4IIL Listening ComprehensionA.Income:2000 a yearExpensesHousing:50 a month for mortgageFood:60 a monthCar:a large repair bill every now and thenElectricity:16 a yearGas:70 a yearBooks:/B.The man on the doorstep says he isdoing a survey for the Department of Health andSocial Security.He is actually a salesman,trying tosell The New World Childrens Encyclopaedia.IV.TranslationA.1.Every time he returned home from work atmidnight,he would tiptoe upstairs,trying not todisturb his neighbours.2.To establish some kind of rapport with his newneighbour,Mr.Jones lost no chance in offering tocarry her luggage into the house.3.The article recommended by Dr.Miller centres onthe problem of air pollution;meanwhile,it touchesupon other issues such as water pollution,noisepollution and visual pollution.4.If it had not been for the constant encouragementand help from her friends,she couldnt haveaccomplished anything.5.It was only a few days ago that he was full ofcontempt for the new project,but he is now workinghard with zest for its realization.What a bafflingchange!6.Judging from what she wrote in herautobiography,she always had mixed feelings forthat pianist7.While waiting in the lounge for the flight,he struckup a conversation with two American travellers andtouched on many interesting cross cultural issues.8.These girls all dread working alone on night duty.9.I dont mind working overtime.What I do mind isworking on those insignificant trivial things duringthe weekend.10.Actually nobody asked them to do anything onthe first day of school.When they saw theclassroom in such a mess,however,they cleaned itspontaneously.B.Reference version:K 1 5Joe had dodged the police many times,butnever like this.He was afraid.He was sprawled onthe rooflistening for sounds.Somewhere belowpeople were yelling and shrieking,but he was notconcerned about the commotion.He looked round,searching for any sign of a policeman.When heheard some footsteps on the corrugated iron roof,he was seized with fear.What made them chaseafter me,he thought.I havent done anything.Youshouldnt have sneaked up here,he said to himself.Then he saw the shape of a policeman approaching.He did not want to give up.He still wanted to makean effort to escape.He rose to his feet quietly andtiptoed over to the far end of the roof,thinking thathe could perhaps slide down the drainpipe.Just atthat moment,the policeman strode forward and wasabout to grab the boy by the collar when,unaware ofa clothesline in his way which caught his cap,healmost stumbled.Joe was startled,but he could goback no further.The policeman steadied himself andreached out for the boy.V.Blank FillingA.1.down 2.for 3.down,down4.after5.back6.on7.in8.off9.out10.for11.in,out12.out13.to14.over15.upB.(1)name(2)sell(3)things(4)exchange(5)shares(6)other(7)business(8)partial(9)then(10)company(11)kinds(12)shares(13)wealthy(14)expenses(15)hope(16)stock(17)rich(18)money(19)reasons(20)general(21)investors(22)gamble(23)investing(24)glad(25)willing(26)worldC.(1)failed(2)game(3)sketches(4)down(5)Only(6)that(7)weapon(8)comic did(1O)characters(11)to(12)for(13)ran(14)dropped(15)turned(16)up(17)title(18)made(19)later(20)fans(21)funny(22)being(23)put(24)reach(25)inD.(1)was blessed with(2)boundless love(3)encouraged creativity in the young(4)was spontaneouson(6)tired of(7)with more zest(8)worth its weight in gold(9)admiration of the community(10)swarmed aroundK 1 6(11)drawn by(12)struck up a conversation with(13)established a kind of rapport(14)was about four fifths done(15)was in a poisonous mood(16)sneak up on(17)ten year old(18)would have thrown in the sponge(19)were about to perform open heart surgery onVI NounVerbAdjectiveAdverbl.creativitycreatecreativecreatively2.beautybeautifybeautifulbeautifully3.resolutionresolveresoluteresolutely4.moralitymoralizemoralmorally5.illustrationillustrateillustrativeillustratively6.suggestionsuggestsuggestivesuggestively7.collectioncollectcollectivecollectively8.admirationadmireadmirableadmirably9.differencedifferdifferentdifferentlylO.imaginationimagineimaginativeimaginativelyl 1.harmonyharmonizeharmoniousharmoniously12.impressivenessimpressimpressiveimpressively13.distributiondistributedistributivedistributively14.explanationexplainexplanatoryexplanatorily15.disappointmentdisappointdisappointingdisappointingiyUnit 2TEXT IComprehensionAnswers for reference:A.1.English has now become one of the mostwidely used languages in the world.In 1500,Englishwas an insignificant language,spoken by the peopleliving on a small island.Now it is spoken as the firstlanguage by over a quarter of a billion people and asa second language by many millions more.Whenpeople speak English,we may be able to tell whichEnglish it is-American English,Australian English,British English,Indian English and so on.Besides,for different purposes,we use different Englishes:everyday English,business English,commercialEnglish,diplomatic English,medical English,scientific English,technical English,legal English,journalistic English and so on.We also use differentdegrees of formality and can differentiate betweenformal English,informal English,and colloquialEnglish.2.Style expresses the writers individuality throughhis choice of words and sentence patterns,and hisselection and arrangement of material.Stylefrequently reflects the writers personality,mood,attitudes,education,and general background.Thereare different kinds of styles:homely,coarse,refined,ironic,vulgar,plain,childlike,formal,informal,wordy,colloquial,direct,grandiloquent,and so on.Wechoose words to suit the audience,the occasion,thetopic,and the genre(e.g.,short story,essay,argumentation).Certain words,exact and concreteas they are,are excluded from formal use,becausethey are not appropriate for formal occasions.Itwould be absurd if slang terms or vulgarisms wereused to address an audience at commencement,orthe other way round,if a very formal style,longsentences and complex grammatical structureswere used in a friendly letter.Yet if we have someidea of different styles,but dont know when to usewhich,this knowledge is worse than useless.3.This is an example of a very formal expressionalongside a colloquialism.Bags of fun is a slangterm whereas extremely gracious is very formallanguage.Here is another example of the same kind to showthe inappropriateness of a formal style mixed withcolloquialism.In a letter of application,you beginthus:Dear Sirs,I am writing to you in the hope that you still have avacant place in your department.If you hve not yetemployed anyone,I should like my application forthe position to be considered.And you conclude with:As to my character and fitness for the job,pleaserest assured that I am sure smart.In this lastsentence,job may be rather too informal;employment or post would be more suitable.Smartis a colloquialism that means“mentally alert,quickwitted,and talented”.Moreover,the sentence Iam sure smart is very informal and colloquial,andso it is inappropriate for the letter.4.Good use of English requires the appropriatechoice of words for the expression of thoughts.Tobe in“good use of English，therefore,a word mustbe used appropriately in a specific set ofcircumstances.K 2 25.Coy means“shy,diffident,bashful”.Whatthe writer means here is:Do away with yourshyness.Decide what you want to say and say it asdirectly as possible in plain words.Stop deceivingpeople and beating about the bush.Call a spade aspade.”6.Some examples of euphemisms:1)a mental home(=an insane asylum)slow(=dull in mind)residence(=house)a reconditioned automobile(=a used car)stout(=fat)The above words and phrases in italics aresupposed to be more pleasant substitutes for thosein parentheses.2)skin tonic(=cold cream.The term skin tonic mayhelp the manufacturer to sell his products moreeasily.)3)Goodness me!Goodness gracious!Thankgoodness.For goodness*sake!(It is supposed tobe blasphemous to use the word God in onesspeech,so goodness is used instead of God.)4)“Millions of peasants are robbed of their farmsand sent trudging along the roads with no more thanthey can carry:this is called transfer of population.M(This is quoted from George Orwells KPolitics andthe English Language”.Euphemism is used here tohide some brutal,harsh,stark political realities.)7.The writer means that in spite of the fact that hestrongly objects to the use of euphemisms,someeuphemisms,having considerable vigour and vitality,can still be used as far as he is concerned.8.It shows that the writer can foresee the inevitablefate of any euphemism,i.e.,that any effort to avoidunpleasantness will end in failure,because aeuphemism will quickly acquire the same“negativeconnotation”as the word it has replaced.There isthus no sense in using euphemisms.B.Reference version:1.The richer life experience we have,and the morepeople from all walks of life we know,we willdevelop more extensive and flexible knowledge ofdifferent English styles and the ability to use eachstyle appropriately when the occasion arises.2.If we do not know when to use each styleappropriately,or i
