Unit 1 People of Achievement 单词学案 高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册.docx

B4U1 People of achievement (Words and expressions)课前预习案和课中探究案【自主学习一】听录音，跟读单词。【自主学习二】根据句子语境,理解划线单词的意思，指出其词性，并口头翻译句子。1. Your academic performance really impresses me. I believe youll be admitted to Chinese Academy of Sciences.2. Our main objective was the recovery of the child safe and well.I believe that a journalist should be completely objective.3. Don't evaluate people by their clothes. The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.4. He extracted a small notebook from his hip pocket.The extract of the book intrigues my interest in reading the original book.5. He is also acknowledged as an excellent goalkeeper.Naylor acknowledged, in a letter to the judge, that he was a drug addict.I gratefully acknowledge financial support from several local businesses. 6. The most important thing is not to admit defeat until you really have to.He easily defeated his challengers. 7. The evening concluded with dinner and speeches.Over the years I've come to the conclusion that she's a very great musician.8. I inferred from what she said that you have not been well.There were two inferences to be drawn from her letter.9. Residents' hearts and lungs are affected as a consequence. In college, time is limited, and consequently, very precious. 10. Every day of our lives we encounter major and minor stresses of one kind or another.Our encounter is a miracle. We are connected by destiny. 【自主学习三】根据句子语境,理解划线词组(词块)的意思，并口头翻译句子。1. She didn't want to commit herself to working at weekends. 2. She insisted on being present at all the interviews. 3. The truck shows hardly any sign of wear and tear. 4. Why don't we start by making a flow chart from the notes our teacher gave us? 5. The party came to power at the last election. 6.  After graduation, Li Hua took up a position as a bank clerk.7. To sum up , there are three main ways to solve the problem.8. Our school held a dragon boat race with the objective of promoting the friendship between students.9. The 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine was awarded to Tu Youyou. 10. Albert Einstein made numerous contributions to the world.【课堂探究一】词形变化：按要求填相应的单词，并在括号内填写中文意思(要求不看单词表，检测自己，注意词形变化，掌握和总结规律。)1. distinct adj. 清晰的; 清楚的; 有区别的_n. 差别 2. novel n. (长篇)小说_n. 小说家3. commit vt. 承诺; 保证 vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入(工作、活动等)_adj. 尽心尽力的; 坚定的; 坚信的 _n. 承诺; 交托; 信奉4. conclude v. 得出结论, 结束; 终止_n. 结论; 推论5. apparent adj.显然的; 表面上的 _adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然6. science n. 科学_n. 科学家_adj. 科学(上)的; 关于科学的7. academy n. (艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院; 学会; 专科院校 _adj. 学业的; 学术的8. object n. 物体; 对象; 客体_n. 目标; 目的adj. 客观的9. botany n. 植物学_adj. 植物学的10. politics n. 政治学_n. 从政者; 政治家; 政客_n. 政策_adj. 政治的【课堂探究二】总结并写出下面短语9. 对做出巨大贡献 10. 磨损 11. 与有别 12. 承认失败 13. 提取 14. 从中获取 15. 成千上万 16. 偶然 1. 承诺/保证(做某事) 2. 当权，上台 3. 坚持做某事 4. 被授予某人 5. 担任职位 6. 总结 7. 有希望 8. 被困住 【课堂探究三】根据语境归纳重点单词的用法，并根据要求完成练习。1. crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 同义词：vital, significant, important【经典例句】Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.做出正确的职业选择对个人成功至关重要。It is crucial that we get this right. 我们把这个问题弄明白是极其重要的。Parents play a crucial role in preparing their child for school.父母对孩子做好上学的准备起着至关重要的作用。【用法归纳】_ 对.是至关重要的_ 在.中扮演重要角色_ .是至关重要的_ adv. 关键地；至关重要地【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子 It is crucial that the problem _ immediately. 关键是要马上处理这一问题。 The support of our fans _our winning the Super Cup. 球迷的支持对我们赢得超级杯非常关键。2. vital adj. 必不可少的;极其重要的;充满生机的【经典例句】Understanding history is vital to/for understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. 了解历史对于了解我们作为一个民族和一个国家至关重要。To understand culture shock, it is vital to understand what culture is.要理解文化冲击，理解什么是文化至关重要。It is vital that we should be kept informed of all developments.重要的是我们必须熟悉所有的发展情况。【用法归纳】_对是至关重要的_做某事是很重要的_是十分重要的。(从句用虚拟语气,should可以省略)_ adv. 极其;紧要地;生死攸关地【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子Perseverance _success. 毅力对于成功是至关重要的.It is vital that human beings_ the rules of nature.重要的是人类应该服从大自然的规则。3. commit vt.承诺;保证vi.忠于;全心全意投入【经典例句】She had committed suicide by hanging herself from a beam. 她悬梁自尽了。This government is committed to extending parental choice in education. 本届政府承诺扩大父母在教育方面的选择权。Both sides committed themselves to settle the dispute peacefully. 双方承诺和平解决争端。Make a commitment to try a vegetable you've never eaten or liked once a week, and keep an open mind. 承诺每周吃一次你以前从来不吃或不喜欢的蔬菜，兼收并蓄。【用法归纳】_ 犯罪/犯错误/杀人/自杀_ 承诺/致力于（做）某事_ 承诺做某事_ 承诺做某事【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子Both sides _ settle the dispute peacefully. 双方承诺和平解决争端。The President _reforming health care. 总统承诺要改革卫生保健制度。Also, be totally _what you do, as excellence is only possible with _此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因为只有完全付出才可能达到卓越。4. obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得; 贏得vi. (规章、习俗等)存在; 流行 (同：gain, get, acquire)【经典例句】Different laws obtain in different places. 不同的法律适用在不同的地方。(vi)As far as I'm concerned, what he had done obtained him respect.在我看来，他的所作所为为他赢得了荣誉。Such information is easily obtained from the Internet. 这种信息从互联网上很容易获得。The majority obtained their positions through the old boy network. 大多数人都是通过校友关系谋得其职位的。The publisher is responsible for obtaining the necessary permissions to reproduce illustrations. 出版者负责取得准予复制插图的必要许可文件。【用法归纳】_从.中得到_得到某人许可_获取尊重/信息/证据【即学即练】单句语法填空/完成句子You should _from the head teacher before you leave school.得到校长的许可后，你才能离校。Both of these books can _the library. 这两本书都可以在图书馆中取得。5. acknowledge vt. 承认(属实、权威等); (公开)感谢【经典例句】Do you acknowledge that youve been wrong？ 你承不承认你错了？He is acknowledged as one of the greatest pianists. 他被认为是最杰出的钢琴家之一。The inquiry acknowledges failings in the judicial system. 这次调查承认司法制度有缺陷。It is universally acknowledged that air and water are very important to man. 众所周知，空气和水对人类来说非常重要。【用法归纳】_承认 _承认(做了)某事_承认某事/某人是_是大家公认的_ n. 承认;感谢【即学即练】完成句子He refused to_, which made mom very annoyed. 他不承认他的错误，这使得他妈妈很生气。翻译：普遍认为他是世界最佳球员。(acknowledge as)_翻译：众所周知，词汇对英语学习至关重要。_6. defeat n. 失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜【经典例句】The Brazil national football team suffered a defeat in the World Cup. 巴西国家足球队在世界杯上被击败了。Our team was narrowly defeated in the final. 我们队在决赛中惜败。They succeeded in defeating the enemy and saved the whole village.他们成功打败了敌人，拯救了自己的村庄。I was impressed by the young man, who was unwilling to acknowledge defeat.那个不愿承认失败的年轻人给我留下了深刻的印象。【用法归纳】_ 大败/惜败（险败）_ 遭受失败 _ 承认失败_ 击败/打败某人或某团体 【易混辨析】defeat， beat与windefeat意为击败，强调过程和结果，宾语是对手;beat意为打败;（连续）击打，宾语是对手;win意为赢得;获胜，宾语是game或prize等。【即学即练】完成句子Ive tried to solve the problem, but_. 我已经尝试去解决这个问题了 ，但它还是打败了我。No matter what happened, they refused to_. 无论发生什么，他们拒绝承认失败。7. insist vi.& vt. 坚持; 坚决要求【经典例句】He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说自己是对的。They insisted upon/on being given every detail of the case. 他们坚持要求说明事情的整个来龙去脉。He insists that she should come. 他执意要她来。His family insisted he should be given a proper burial. 他的家人坚持要为他举行适当的葬礼。【用法归纳】_坚决要求做某事_坚决要求;坚决主张(从句用虚拟语气) (如句)_坚持说;坚持认为(从句用陈述语气) (如句)【即学即练】完成句子She was stubborn and insisted that the work _ahead of schedule. 她很固执，坚持要求工作要提前完成。翻译：他不承认失败，坚持认为自己是赢家。_8. conclusion n. 结论；推论；结束; conclude vt. 推断出；得出结论；使结束vi.结束；终止We soon drew/reached/came to a conclusion after a short discussion. 经过简短的讨论，我们很快得出了结论。They didn't think and discuss carefully and jumped to a conclusion. 他们没有仔细思考和讨论，就匆忙下了结论。In conclusion, we should try to reduce the increasing pollution and protect the earth. 总之，我们应该努力减少日益严重的污染，保护地球。What do you conclude from that? 你从这件事中得出了什么结论？I would like to conclude by/with saying that I do enjoy your magazine. 最后，我想说我的确很喜欢你们的杂志。【用法归纳】_匆忙下结论_得出结论_最后；总之；总而言之_从中推断出_以结束【拓展】表示“最后；总而言之”的其他表达：_【即学即练】根据句意填入合适的短语。_, we have learnt a lot from the activity. 总之，我们在这个活动中受益匪浅。He_that they didnt agree to the plan. 他从他们的话语中推断出他们不赞同此项计划。9. circumstance n.条件,情况;情形,形势We should do terrible things to other people in/under no circumstances. =In/Under no circumstances should we do terrible things to other people. 我们无论如何都不应该对别人做可怕的事。In/Under the circumstances, we chose to trust the young lady.在这种情况下，我们选择相信那位年轻女士。【用法归纳】_在这种情况下_绝不,无论如何都不 (置于句首时,句子用_)【即学即练】根据句意填入合适的短语。We oppose capital punishment_. 无论在什么情况下，我们都不赞成死刑。你绝对不可以出去。(倒装) _10. encounter vt. 偶然碰到; 遇到 n. 邂逅; 遭遇We have encountered major problems. 我们遇上了大问题。The author tells of a remarkable encounter with a group of South Vietnamese soldiers.作者讲述了和一群南越士兵的奇遇。【用法归纳】_遇到问题/困难_与.相遇【即学即练】根据句意填入合适的短语。When I _in English learning, my teacher always helps me overcome problems patiently. 当我在英语学习中遇到问题，我的老师总是耐心地帮我克服困难。On a rainy day, he _with an old friend in Rome.在一个雨夜，他在罗马遇到了一个老朋友。11. come to power (开始)掌权；上台The Conservatives were once more in power. 保守党再次_.We must do everything in our power to ensure the success of the conference. 我们必须_保证会议圆满成功。Your request is beyond my power. 你的要求我_。【即学即练】一句多译The party _four years ago. =The party _for four years. 这个政党执政四年了。12. take up 继续;开始从事(一项新的工作)或开始承担(一项新的责任);占据空间、位置;接受(建议或挑战);学着做【用法归纳】与take 相关的短语_脱掉;起飞;休假;开始成功_雇用;呈现 _接管_收留;包括;理解;记住;欺骗_拆开;写下_收回(所说的错话)【即学即练】根据句意填入合适的短语。Roger _ painting for a while, but soon lost interest. Roger刚学了一阵子画画，但很快就失去了兴趣。She _his work after his departure. 他离开之后她接管了她的工作。第7页，共7页学科网（北京）股份有限公司