2021北京高考英语模拟试题分类汇编：语法填空.pdf

北京市2021年高考英语全真模拟卷分类汇编语法填空专题备战2021年高考英语全真模拟卷(北京专用)4 月 卷 1第二节 语 法 填 空(共 10小题；每小题1.5分，共 15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A(北京市西城区2021届高三上学期期末质量检测)It was my first night out in that city,and when I saw the last bus home disappearing round the comer,I knew I had a problem.It was cold and I couldnt afford a taxi,11.I didnt want to bother my hostfamily by asking them to pick me up.So I set off on foot,12.(tell)myself it would only take me an houror so.Four hours later,I was still walking.I was soaked(湿透的)through and my hands were frozen.When I eventually reached the house,the family said how 13.(worry)theyd been,and asked why Ihadnt phoned.By then I wished I had.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一个外出晚上，没有坐上回家的公交车，没钱打车，最后步行回家的故事。n.【答案】but【解析】考查连词。句意：天气很冷，我乂打不起出租车，但我不想让寄宿家庭来接我，免得打扰他们。根据空前句意“天气很冷，我又打不起出租车 和空后句意“我不想让寄宿家庭来接我，免得打扰他们。“可知，此处前后表示转折关系需用连词but。故填but。12.【答案】telling【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我就步行出发了，告诉自己只需要一个小时左右。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词set o f f,且空处没有连词，所以空处需要非谓语动词作状语，动词tell与逻辑主语I 之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词telling作状语。故填telling。13.【答案】woiried【解析】考查形容词。句意：当我终于到家时，那家人说他们非常担心，并问我为什么没有打电话。分析句子结构可知，疑问词副词how后需接形容词或副词引导宾语从句，此处作表语，需用形容词，由 they可知，此处需用形容词worried“着急的”作表语。故填worried。Seagulls are large and 14.(noise)birds,commonly seen on beaches around the world.Many peoplelike to feed them 15.entertainment.It can be amusing to watch the birds fighting over little pieces ofbread or chips.However,when animals get used to being fed by humans,they will lose their fear of themand may become aggressive.Seagulls are not very dangerous,but they have been known to attackhumans,especially people who 16.(hold)food.【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海鸥和人类的某种关系。14.【答案】noisy【解析】考查形容词。句意：海鸥是又大又吵的鸟，常见于世界各地的海滩上。根据空格后的名词 birds可知，此处应填形容词和前面形容词large并列作定语修饰名词，noise的形容词形式为noisy,故填 noisy。15.【答案】for【解析】考查介词。句意：许多人喜欢把它们当作娱乐。for“供；适合于”是介词，表示对象、用途等，符合句意。故填for。16.【答案】are holding【解析】考查动词时态。句意：但据了解，它们会攻击人类，尤其是那些正拿着食物的人。根据句意可知，此处指那些正在拿着食物的人，应用现在进行时，其结构为be+动词的现在分词，因引导定语从句的关系代词who指代的先行词people为复数概念的名词，主谓一致，故填are holdingoThe British must have really high standards.I was part of a student exchange programme between auniversity in England and my university in China.I had spent days in 17.(prepare)for my first Englishpaper.I knew I did a good job and was looking forward 18.getting a positive comment.When I got thepaper back,I found that my teacher 19.(write)the comment Not bad!”Not bad?But there werent any20.(mistake)in my paper.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过自己在英国一所大学的学习经历讲述了英国人有很高的标准。17.【答案】preparing【解析】考查动名词。句意:我花了几天时间准备我的第一篇英语论文。固定搭配spend(in)doingsth.(花.干某事),用动名词(doing)形式作宾语。故填preparing。18.【答案】to【解析】考查介词。句意：我知道我做得很好，并期待着得到积极的评价。固定搭配look forwardto doing sth.(期待干某事)，用介词to。故填lo。19.【答案】had written【解析】考查时态。句意：当我把试卷拿回来时，我发现我的老师写了一句话：“不 错 此 处 为宾语从句谓语，主句谓语found是一般过去时，从句谓语动词write发生在主句谓语found之前，即“过去的过去”,时态用过去完成时(had d o n e),故填had written。20.【答案】mistakes【解析】考查名词的数。句意：但我的论文没有任何错误。mistake是可数名词，此处作句子主语，由 were可知用其复数形式。故填mistakes备战2021年高考英语全真模拟卷(北京专用)4 月卷2第二节 语 法 填 空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AA warning system to prevent people from falling asleep while driving was introduced at the 2020China International Fair for Trade in Services,1 1.was held from September 4 to 9 in Beijing.It can judgewhether the driver is drowsy(昏 昏欲睡的)by monitoring how long the drivers eyes close or if his or herhead drops.If the driver enters a state of tiredness,the system 12.(sound)an alann until the drivers5 eyesreopen and he or she starts to blink at a normal frequency.In the future,other dangerous drivingbehaviors,such as not wearing a seat belt and making phone calls while13.(drive),might also be addedinto this warning system.【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了防止开车睡觉的预警系统。11.【答案】which【解析】考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：2020年中国国际服务贸易博览会于9 月 4 日至9日在北京举行，会上引入了防止人们在驾驶时打瞌睡的预警系统。分析句子可知，此句为非限定性定语从句，先行词为“the 2020 China International Fair for Trade in Services”，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，应用关系代词which,thal不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。12.【答案】will sound【解析】考查时态。句意：如果驾驶员处于疲劳状态，系统会发出警报，直到驾驶员睁开眼睛，开始以正常频率眨眼。分析句子可知，此处为if 引导的条件状语从句，且为真实条件句，应遵循“主将从现“原则。故填will sound。13.【答案】driving【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在未来，其他危险的驾驶行为，如不系安全带和开车时打电话，也可能被添加到这个预警系统中。分析句子可知，此处while(drive)为分词作状语，drive与其逻辑主语the driver之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填driving。BKeeping a travel journal is one of the best 14.(way)to keep the memory of a trip alive.Going backand reading your own words 15.(describe)a day in a foreign country makes you realize how easy it is toforget little details.For people who are not used to writing on a daily basis,keeping a travel journaldoesn*t have to be hard.It 16.(require)only a small effort.I usually spare 15 to 20 minutes at nightbefore going to sleep,17,forces me to be concise(简洁的)and efficient.【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了写旅行日记是保持旅行记忆最好的方法之一。14.【答案】ways【解析】考查名词复数。句意：写旅行日记是保持旅行记忆的最好方法之一。固定短语“oneof+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最 之一”，所以名词应使用复数形式，故填ways。15.【答案】describing【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：回过头来阅读你自己描述在异国他乡一天的文字，你会意识到小细节是多么容易忘记。分析句子，可知谓语动词为m akes,所以describe(描述)在句中用作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语words构成主动关系，使用现在分词作定语，修饰名词words,故填describing。16.【答案】req ires【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这只需要一点小小的努力。主语it为单数，句子在描述客观事实，时态应为一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词用单数，故填requires。17.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：晚上睡觉前，我通常会抽出15到 20分钟的时间，这迫使我做到简洁高效。分析句子，可知这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为前一句内容描述的这件事，关系词在从句中作主语，应使用which引导该从句，故填which。CMy trip to Paris was so memorable.First of all,the hotel was fantastic.It overlooked the Seine,thefamous river I 18.(read)about in so many poems.We listened to the laughter of the children andwatched the river run by 19.(slow)below.Next,Montmartre was a wonderful place for painters.The airwas filled with the sounds of happy people and the smell of paint.20.I enjoyed most were the cafes.There 1 had a cup of coffee and watched people on the street.Everyone had a sense of style.【分析】本文属于记叙文，描述作者游览巴黎的经历。18.【答案】had read【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：这个宾馆俯瞰塞纳河，这条河流我在很多诗里读到过。分析句子可知，I 1 (read)about in so manv poems作定语从句修饰riv e r,从句缺乏谓语，read动作发生在overlook之前，因此发生在过去的过去，故用过去完成时had read。19.【答案】slowly【解析】考查副词。修饰动词run by用副词slowly.20.【答案】What【解析】考查主语从句。I enjoyed most为主语从句，从句缺乏enjoy的宾语，故用引导词What。备战2021年高考英语全真模拟卷(北京专用)4 月卷3第二节 语 法 填 空(共1()小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AYear 2020 has witnessed the nations battle with Coronavirus Disease 2019.11.(prevent)the diseasespreading further,people from all over China have been making changes to their everyday lives.Mostpeople take their temperatures,wash their hands often,wear masks,and dont go out unless necessary.One of 12.(painful)changes was that many Chinese people didnt get together to celebrate the SpringFestival,13.tradition dating back to 4,000 years.No matter how powerful the enemy is,united peoplewill definitely defeat it in the end.【分析】本文是篇新闻报道。文章介绍了因为2019年新冠肺炎疫情的爆发，全国上下团结 心,共同抗疫的情况。II.【答案】To prevent【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了防止疾病进一步传播，中国各地的人们一直在改变他们的日常生活。根据句意，此处用动词不定式作目的状语，意思为“为了故填To prevent。1 2.【答案】the most painful【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：最让人不愉快的变化之一是，许多中国人不聚在一起过春节,这一传统可追溯到4000年前。根据句意可知此处指同范围内的事物中“最的”，painful应用形容词最高级形式;painful是多音节词，最高级形式为most painful,前面需加定冠词the。故填the mostpainful o13.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：最让人不愉快的变化之一是，许多中国人不聚在一起过春节，这一传统可追溯到4000年前。tradition是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处作the Spring Festival的同位语；用不定冠词a 表示数量，意思为“一 个”。故填a。BThe type of clothing completely relies on the person wearing it and becomes a reflection of personalidentity.Lately,the choice of clothing is 14.(important)than identification through the color of hair,skin and gender.As every piece of clothing carries a strong message about its owner,every owner“nests”a certain value in it depending 15.his mindset(心态)or todays mood.Therefore,the clothing of aperson is a means of 16.(communicate)with the outside world.It is the way of telling people about the“state“and the“status“of its owner.【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了衣服的类型完全取决于穿着它的人，并成为个人身份的反映。最近，服装的选择比通过头发颜色、皮肤和性别来识别更重要。服装是一个人与外界交流的一种手段。14.【答案】more important【解析】考查形容词比较级。句意：最近，服装的选择比通过头发的颜色、皮肤的颜色和性别的识别更重要。根据后文“than identification through the color of hair,skin and gender”以及句意 更重要”可知此处应用形容词比较级，important为多音节词，变比较级前面需要加more。故填moreimportant,15.【答案】on【解析】考查介词。句意：因为每一件衣服都承载着关于其主人的强烈信息，每个主人要在其中“嵌入”某种价值都取决于自己的心态或今天的心情。根据句意表示“取决于 可知短语为depend on。故填 on.16.【答案】communication【解析】考查名词。句意：因此，服装是一个人与外界交流的一种手段。此处作介词。f 的宾语，表示“交流”应填名词 communication,且 communication 不可数。故填 communicationCRules help us live together in a community.At my local park,there is a sign that reads,“Keep off thegrass.Because our community has a need for a nice green space 17.(relax),we are expected lo keepour park clean and in good condition for everyones enjoyment.If one person breaks the rules,morepeople 18.(follow)him and do what they want.In a community,rules are in place to protect everyone.What we do and 19.we act affect everyone,not just ourselves.We need rules in order to live 20.(safe).【分析】这是一篇议论文。论述了按照规则生活的重要性。17.【答案】to relax【解析】考查to do不定式作目的状语。句意：因为我们的社区需要一个好的绿色空间来放松需要绿色空间的目的是为了放松，表目的用iodo不定式。故填torelax。18.【答案】will follow【解析】考查时态。句意：如果一个人打破 规则，更多的人会效仿他，做他们想做的事。在条件状语从句中，主将从现。根据if条件句中使用一般现在时可知，主句中使用一般将来时，故填will follow.,19.【答案】how【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：我们做的事情和我们做事的方式会影响每个人而不是只有我们自己。动词affect前缺少主语，所以空格处引导主语从句。从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，根据句意,表示 如何“用 how。故填how。20.【答案】safely【解析】考查副词。句 意:我们需要规则来安全地生活。修饰动词应用副词，故填safely。备战2021年高考英语全真模拟卷(北京专用)4 月卷6第 二 节 语 法 填 空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空OAThe Chinese Lunar(月 球)Exploration Program is designed to be conducted in three stages:The first is simply reaching lunar orbit(轨道)，a task 11.(complete)by Chang e 1 in 2007 andChang e 2 in 2010.The second is 12.(land)on the Moon,as Chang e 3 did in 2013 and Chang e4 in 2019.The third one is collecting lunar samples and sending them to Earth,a task for the futureChang e 5 and Chang e 6 missions.It 13.(be)China,s first sample return mission in December 2019.【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国探月工程的三个阶段。11.【答案】completed【解析】考查过去分词。句意：第一个阶段是到达月球轨道，这是嫦娥一号在2007年和嫦娥二号在 2010年完成的一项任务。分析句子可知，a task与 complete在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词。故填completed.12.【答案】landing【解析】考查动名词。句意：第二个阶段是登陆月球，嫦娥三号在2013年登陆，嫦娥四号在2019年登陆。分析句子结构可知，本句为主系表结构。landing为动名词作表语。故填landing.13.【答案】will be/is going to be【解析】考查一般将来时。句意：嫦娥六号将在2019年 12月执行中国的第一次采样返回任务。由“in December 2019”可知，句子为一般将来时，所以谓语动词为will be/is going to beo故 填 willbe/is going to be.BThe first time I saw Suzy Khan,I knew I had to help her.She was really small for her age of 12.Theboy in my class often joked about her and laughed their heads off.She would open a book,pretending toread,with tears dropping 14,the open page.All I knew was that she was an orphan(孤儿)from Africa.She 15.(adopt)by a family in townwho decided that the best way for her 16.(learn)American ways of life was to be with American kids.Ilooked down at this tiny girl and promised myself that somehow I would help her.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了 Suzy Khan的事情，她 才 12岁，班上的男生经常拿她开玩笑。她会打开一本书，假装在看书，眼泪滴落在翻开的书页上。Suzy Khan是来自非洲的孤儿。她被镇上的一个家庭收养，他们认为让她学习美国生活方式的最好方式就是和美国孩子们在一起。作者向自己保证一定要帮助她。14.【答案】on【解析】考查介词。句意：她会打开一本书，假装在看书，眼泪滴落在翻开的书页上。结合句意表示“落在 短语为drop on。故填on。15.【答案】was adopted【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：她被镇上的一个家庭收养，他们认为让她学习美国生活方式的最好方式就是和美国孩子们在一起。此处事情发生在过去应用一般过去时，且主语she与谓语动词 adopt构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语动词应用单数。故填was adopted。1 6.【答案】to learn【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她被镇上的个家庭收养，他们认为让她学习美国生活方式的最好方式就是和美国孩子们在一起。分析句子结构可知，learn在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且此处修饰名词w ay,作后置定语应用不定式。thebesl way lodoslh.表示“做 某 事 的 最 好 方 法 故 填 lolearnoCAnimal Crossing:New Horizons attracts numerous young gamers globally.Its a low-pressure lifesimulation(模拟)game 17.gamers are free to fill the days however they like.Gamers can do anythingthey want,including checking in with friends and interacting with many animal 18.(assist).Days19.(spend)on an island catching fish,picking fruit and growing crops.The informal,conflict-freeformat of the game sets it apart from other popular games,but without a doubt it successfully delivers joyand faith to the public during this time of social distancing,with 20.(it)simple and warm features.【分析】本文是说明文，介绍 一款单机游戏Animal Crossing:New Horizons 动物之森：新地平线。17.【答案】where【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是一款悠然自在的生活的模拟游戏，在游戏中玩家可以自由地随心所欲地度过那些日子。分析句子结构，“gamers are free to fill the days however they like”是定语从句，先行词是a low-pressure life simulation(模拟)gam e,关系词在从句中作地点状语，可理解为“在这款游戏中“，应用where引导定语从句。故填where。18.【答案】assistants【解析】考查可数名词单复数。句意：游戏玩家可以做任何他们想做的事情，包括与朋友联系和与许多动物助手互动。所填词在句中作interacting with的宾语，应该是名词；assist是动词，名词形式为assislam,意思为“助手”；在 many后应是可数名词的复数形式，故填assistants。19.【答案】are spent【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：(玩家的)时间花在在岛上捕鱼、采摘水果和种植庄稼。根据句意，此处是短语spend time on 把时间花在 上”；主语days和 spend之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该用被动语态；文章是说明这一款游戏的内容，全文用一般现在时；因此此处用一般现在时的被动语态be done；主语Days是复数意义，谓语动词应该用复数形式；spend是不规则变化动词，过去分词为spent。故填are spent。2 0.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。句意：但毫无疑问，这款游戏以其简单而温暖的特点成功地在这个社交距离时代为公众带来了快乐和信任。句子的主语是i t,指代上面提到的由e gam e,此处相应地用形容词性物主代词i ts,意思为“它 的 故 填 淞。备战2021年高考英语全真模拟卷(北京专用)4 月卷7第二节 语 法 填 空(共 10小题；每小题1.5 分，共 15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ABrian Skerry is an underwater photo journalist.As part of his job,he encounters mysteriousseall.(creature)such as whales and sharks.To get the best photo,Skerry gets close to the wildlife-evenif ifs dangerous.One time in Mexico,a squid grabbed Skerry as he 12.(take)a photo.Why does Skerry take these risks?He hopes his photographs will make people think about life in theoceans.As Skerry says,“The oceans are in real trouble.As a journalist,the most important thing 1 can dois to raise public 13.(aware).”【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了水下摄影记者斯科利的工作，为了拍到最好的照片，他接近许多野生动物，他希望他的照片能让人们思考海洋中的生命。11.【答案】creatures【解析】考查名词复数。句意：作为他工作的一部分，他偶遇神秘的海洋生物，如鲸鱼和鲨鱼。分析句子可知，此处填名词作宾语，由下文的“such as whales and sharks”可知，用复数，故填creatures o12.【答案】was taking【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：为了拍出最好的照片，斯科利接近野生动物即使这很危险。分析句子可知，take是 a s引导的从句的谓语动词，根据上文的“One time”以及主句中的“grabbed”可推断，用过去时，根据句意，表示过去一段时间在做的动作，用过去进行时，且主语he与 take是主动关系，主语是第三人称单数，故填was taking。13.【答案】awareness【解析】考查名词。句意：正如斯克里所说:“海洋正面临真正的麻烦。作为一名记者，我能做的最重要的事情就是提高公众的意识。”形容词public修饰名词，aware的名词形式是awareness,是不可数名词，故填awareness。BEmma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream.Looking around,she saw a little boyon the sidewalk gasping(急喘)for air,his 14.(frighten)mother begging for help.Emma rushed to theboy,15,face had turned purple.Whats wrong?”A candy!In his throat!?,It was lucky that Emmahad learned how 16.(perform)the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法)at school.She acted quickly.Soon,the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again.He 17.(save)in time.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Emma在回家路上，救助被糖果卡住喉咙的小男孩的故事。1 4.【答案】frightened【解析】考查形容词。句意：环顾四周，她看到一个小男孩在人行道上喘着气，他惊恐的母亲请求帮助。空处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词m other,因为修饰空后指人的名词m other,所以空处需用ed形容词frightened“惊 恐 的 故 填 frightenedo15.【答案】whose【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Emma奔向男孩，男孩的脸已经变紫了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是b o y,指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词 face,表示所属关系，意为“的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句。故填 whose o16.【答案】to perform【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：幸运的是，Emma在学校学会了如何使用海姆利克急救法。分析句子结构可知，空处需用疑问词how接动词不定式作动词learned的宾语。故填to perform。17.【答案】was saved【解析】考查被动语态。句意：他及时得救了。根据前一句谓语动词began可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时.，表示过去发生的事情，因为小男孩是被Emma救，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done,主语是第三人称单数h e,所以空处be动词需用was。故填wassavedoCComets are among the most beautiful and interesting 18.(sight)in the universe.For centuries,people 19.(show)great interest in studying them.In 1682,Edmund Halley,an astronomer,noticed acomet that was especially bright and large.Based on his calculations,Halley predicted that this brightcomet would return in 1758 or 1759一this