2021-2022学年牛津译林版英语七年级下册Unit4Grammar冠词讲义.docx

冠词的用法（7BU4Grammar）在英语中，一个名词一般不单独使用，其前面常加冠词。冠词分为两种：不定冠词和定冠词。定冠词的使用 定冠词the用在名词前，后面一般跟前文中已经出现过的或说话双方都知道的人或物，表示特指。如：the bookcase；the desk定冠词的具体用法:(1) 特指双方都明白的人或物. Take the medicine. 把药吃了。 (2) 上文提到过的人或事. - He bought a house. 他买了幢房子。 - Ive been to the house. 我去过那幢房子。 (3) 指世界上独一无二的事物. the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth (4) 与单数名词连用表示一类事物或与形容词或分词连用，表示一类人. the dollar 美元 the fox 狐狸 the rich 富人 the living 生者(5) 用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词等前面. - Where do you live? 你住在哪？ - I live on the second floor. 我住在二楼。 That's the very thing I've been looking for. 那正是我要找的东西。 (6) 用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前. the Peoples Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国(7) 用在表示乐器的名词前. She plays the piano. 她弹钢琴。 (8) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人. the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)(9) 用在惯用语中. in the morning, in the end, . 不定冠词a & an的使用 a & an均表示“ 一” 的含义，但不强调数的观念，只说明此名词第一次出现或泛指一个不特定的人或物。Ø a 一般出现在以辅音音素开头的可数名词单数形式前。如：a pen; a “U”-etc.Ø an 一般出现在以元音音素开头的可数名词单数形式前。 如：an apple; an orange 注意：国名、人名、三餐、球类运动等名词前通常不用冠词a, an或the。 _ useful book_hour/honest boy_uncle/aunt/umbrella_ unhappy boy/unusual story _ US ship _ hourThere is _ u and _ s in the word “use”._ old bike_ tall tree_ orange coat_ big applehalf _ hour_English book_ American boya “B/C/D/G/J/K/P/Q/T/U/V/W/Y/Z” an “A/E/F/H/I/L/M/N/O/R/S/X” 如：n There is _ “f” and _ “v” in the word “five”.n There is _ “l” and _ “m” in the word “seldom”.不用冠词的情况1. 专有名词/不可数名词前.eg. China, Grade Two, Nanjing, listen to music, drink milk.2. 名词前已有this, that, each/every, some, any或物主代词.3. 复数名词表示一类人或事物.eg. My parents are teachers. I like cakes and bananas.4. 称呼语或表示头衔的名词前.e.g. After lunch Aunt Lily came. Mr. Lee was very polite.5. 星期、月份、季节、节日前.e.g. on Monday, in January, in summer, Today is Fathers Day. 6. 三餐和球类运动名称前.7. 一些固定短语中. e.g. by plane, go to school/work, after school, at midnight, at work.I. Choose the best answer.1. Mum, I want to buy _ new toy car. But _ old one is still running, isnt it? A. the; theB. the; a C. a; the D. a; an 2.We have _ breakfast at home every day. A. / B. a C. the D. An3. Look at the wall. There are some pictures _ it. A. in B. on C. to D. at4. We can see a playground _ the two tall buildings. A. between B. among C. in5. Why are you standing, Alice? I can't see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me. A. behind B. next to C. between D. in front of6. Mrs. King put a coat _ the sleeping girl to keep her warm. A. over B. with C. behind D. beside中考小练1. -Do you know _ boy over there? -Yes, he likes playing _ basketball very much. (2015呼和浩特) A. the; 不填 B. a; theC. a; 不填D. the; a2. -Do you like _ color of this coat? -Yes, I do. It looks nice. (2015郴州) A. a B. an C. theII. Complete the passage with a, an or the.Last year during summer, Tony took a flight on _ small airplane. _ people on _ airplane were from Beijing. They were going to visit their relatives in _ north of China for _ Spring Festival. _ airplane went through _ clouds up into _ sky. Tony could see _ lakes, cities and mountains. _ flight took _ hour. Afterwards, Tony took _ photo of _ airplane. Even though it was only _ short flight, Tony says it was one of _ most interesting trips he has ever had.III. Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions.1. Helen sits in front of me. I sit b_ her. 2. He lifted his hands a_ his head. 3. Dont write b_ the line (横线). You should write above it.4. There is a lamp hanging (悬挂) o_ my desk.5. Our school is o_ the left of Central Park.6. Dont wait o_. Come in. It is so cold.在需要的空格内填入冠词 a, an 或 the:1.Where are _ balls? Are they under _chair?2.-Who is that? -_ girl in _ hat? I dont know.3. I have _ apple. Its in my bag. Can you see _ apple?4. This is _ bag._ bag is under _ desk.5. Look at _ map. Its _ map of _ China.6. Are they _ twins? Yes, they are.7. We are in _ same school. But John is _ American boy.8. We must be polite to _ old.9. _ moon goes around _ sun.10. Who is _ first one to come here?11. She goes to school by _ bike, but yesterday she went here in _ car.12. Its _ useful book. He is _ unhappy boy.13. _ Smiths are having supper at home now.14. _ elephant is_ biggest animal on land.15.Do you know _ child under _ tree?16. _ moon goes around _ earth all the time.18.Lets meet at _ quarter to ten on _ Saturday.19. _ China is famous for _ Great Wall in _ world.