可数名词和不可数名词用法讲解及练习题(名校版).docx
可数名词和不可数名词用法讲解及 练习题可数名词和不可数名词英语中的名词指的是一种抽象的或者具体的事物,它有可数和不可 数之分。所谓可数名词指的就是在数量上可以计数,可以数出数量的事物; 所谓不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的概念、 状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西。可数名词在他之前可以加上冠词a/ano而不可数名词前面是不可以直接家冠词的。可数名词变为复数形式 有如下变化规律:4. That The old man wants .A. six boxes of apples six boxes of appleC. six box of applesD. six boxs of apples s art book.A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got already.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of breadD. two piece of bread7. There some in the river.A. is, fish B. are, fishsC. is, fishs D. are, fish8. There two in the box.A. is watch B. are watchesC. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our toothsC. teeth D. our teeth10. The meeting room is near the reading room.A. teacher B.teacher' sC.teachers' D.teachers11. In Britainare all painted red.A. letter boxes B.letters boxesC. letter box D.letters box12. There are birds in that big tree.A. hundreds of B. five hundreds ofC. five hundred of D. hundred ofa .一般情况下,直接加-s ,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;读音:清辅音后读s,浊辅音和元音后读。b .以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,力口一es ,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;读音:izoc .以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;读音:zod .以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为再加-es,如:knife-knives , thief-thieves ;读音:z。e .以。结尾的词,分两种情况1)有生命的+ es 读音:z如:mango-mangoestomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2)无生命的+s 读音:z如:photo-photos radio-radiosf.不规贝!名词复数:man-men, woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-peopleo除此之外,还有一部分名词单复数同形,如:fish 鱼,deer 鹿,sheep 绵羊,works (工厂),means 手段, Swiss瑞士人,Chinese中国人,news新闻,goods商品有一些名词则只有复数形式:trousers 裤子,pants 裤子,shorts 短裤 glasses 眼镜 compasses 圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子某国人的复数有三种类型:(1 ) Chinese, Japanese, Swiss三国人单数复数同形,不需加s ;(2 ) Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman 复数要把 man 变为(3 )其他各国人以-an, -ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans,Australians, Indians 等。可依照这个口诀记忆:中日不变,英法变,其他加后面。不可数名词一般没有复数形式,只有单数形式,它的前面不能用不定冠词a/an z若要表示它的个体意义时,一般需要将其量化。不可数名词如何量化就是在不可数名词前面加上数词+量词+ of,比如:a piece of bread ( paper(纸),cloth(布),coal(煤),news(新闻), advice(意见),information(信息),meat(肉)an item of information 一则情报a slip of paper 一张纸条a length of cloth 一段布料a cake of soap 一块肥皂a tube of tooth-paste 一条牙膏a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 等。当量词可数,且前面的数词大于一时,量词需要用复数形式,如 two bottles of water 两瓶水 two pieces of paper 两张名氏 等; 同时,可数名词也有相应用法,如:a box of apples 一箱苹果six boxes of apples六箱苹果等。最常见的不可数名词有:advice, baggage, change(零 钱),furniture (家具),hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage (彳亍李),money, news, progress, traffic其它不可数名词还有:absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, world 等。上面提到的可数名词和不可数名词并不是一成不变的。英文中的很多词都是一词多义,名词也不例外,同是一个词在一种 情况下是可数名词,而在另一种场合却是不可数名词如:可数名词:a tin 一只罐头a relation亲属an iron 一把熨斗a democracy民主国家a glass 一只玻璃杯a beauty美人,美的 东西A wood 一片树林a power不可数名词:tin锡relation关系Iron铁democracy民主 glass玻璃beauty美 Wood木头power威力,电力。我们讨论名词的落脚点在,当名词充当主语时,谓语动词在人称、数等 方面必须与其保持一致一即”主谓一致性”的问题。可数名词不可数名词练习题一、写出下列名词的复数形式1、orange 2、class3、text 4、monkey5、 piano 6S child7、shelf 8、bed9、country 10、family11、toy 12、foot13、Japanese 14、radio15、photo 16、army17、tomato 18、fox19、woman 20、knife 22、 sheep二、选择填空1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photosC. is a photo D. is photos2. This car made in Shanghai.A. is B .are C .were D .has3. There are four and twojn the group.A. Japanese, GermenB Japaneses, GermenC. Japanese,German Japanese, Germans