2018年高考英语试题(全国卷Ⅱ)答案.doc

2018年全国普通高等学校招生考试(全国卷)英语答案第一部分 听力1C2A3B4A5C 6B 7B 8A 9C 10C11A12B13A14B 15C 16A 17B 18C 19C 20A第二部分 阅读理解21A22D23A24C25B26D27B28A29B30C31A32C33B34D35C36G37E38F39B40A第三部分 语言知识运用41D42A43C44C45A46B47A48B49C50D51C52B53D54D55A56D57B58C59A60B61has grown62the63actually64to improve65than66pollution67global68started69that/which70feeding第二部分阅读理解第一节A译文：星期四我们去巴黎短途旅行，在那里我们将参观巴黎迪士尼乐园，一直待到很晚去观看游行和烟花。21A【解析】题干中的go camping是关键词，与Outdoor Adventure (OUT)活动栏目中的“wild camping”呼应。22D【解析】根据题干中的MrsWilson可定位到WW I Battlefields and Paris(WBP)这一栏，然后根据“After staying overnight in London, we travel on Day 2 to northern France to visit the World War I battlefields”可知，这里的Day 2就是题干中的Tuesday，由此可知应该选D项。A项是周一(Monday)的旅游内容，B项是周四的旅游内容，C项是周五的旅游内容。23A【解析】通读Potty about Potter(POT)一栏的内容可知，参观完Warner Bros Studio之后在Streatley-on-Thames过夜，第二天在Oxford's Christchurch外野餐，据此可知该活动历时两天。B24C【解析】根据第二段的倒数第二句可知应该选C项，樱桃很美味。have a pleasant taste与be so delicious表义相同。A项是raspberries的特征；B项是对yellow and orange stone fruits的特征的曲解；D项是blueberries的特征。25B【解析】根据第三段倒数第二句“If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown”可知，把新鲜的柠檬汁挤到香蕉上会防止它变色。其他选项是主观臆断，与本文所述内容不符。26D【解析】根据画线部分下文中的“they love feeding.into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below”可推断出，juicer应该是“榨汁机”的意思。考生很容易误选B项，误认为画线部分是一种饮料，其实本段最后一句中的“the machine”应该是猜测的关键，定冠词the表示上文提到过的事物，这样就可以直接推出画线部分指代的是什么。27B【解析】全文主要介绍了一些七月成熟的果实以及这些果实的营养成分等，而这自然与健康饮食有关，介绍这类内容的文章应该是刊载在健康杂志上的。考生很容易误选C项，这是受到了第二段对营养成分的介绍的干扰，因此误认为本文摘自研究性论文。C译文：虽然过去十年的下降对青少年读者来说是很急剧的，但报告中的一些数据表明阅读仍然是许多孩子生活中的一个重要部分，并表明父母可以如何帮助鼓励孩子们更多地阅读。28A【解析】全文贯穿的一个重要线索词是report，这个report就是Common Sense Media发布的，因此从文章的第一段便可得出答案，常识媒体的报告内容是有关儿童阅读习惯方面的。B项意为“儿童书籍的质量”，C项意为“儿童课后活动”，D项意为“家长和儿童的关系”，这几项文中均没有提及。29B【解析】文章第一段提出“儿童更少地为了乐趣而阅读”，文章第三段利用了一些数据来支持这一论点。由此可推知应该选B项。30C【解析】根据文章第五段最后一句中的“mainly due to concerns about increased screen time”可以推出，家长限制孩子电子阅读的原因是担心孩子屏幕时间增加，使用电子产品的时间增加自然会对健康造成危害。由此可知应该选C项。如果没有抓住题干的关键词limit electronic reading则会误选其他选项，其他选项均为主观臆断。31A【解析】根据第六段第一句“The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading”可知家长应该起模范带头作用，鼓励孩子多阅读。故选A项。D译文：我们都曾处于这样的场合在电梯里，在银行（排队的）队列里或在飞机上，我们周围的人，像我们一样，认真地关注着他们的智能手机，或者更糟的是，他们在与令人不安的沉寂作斗争。32C【解析】文章第一段描述了在公共场所人们之间不互相交流的现象，本段中的“uncomfortable silence”与选项C中的“Absence of communication”相呼应。A、B两项是对原文的曲解，文章提到smartphones和一些公共场所中人们的行为只是为了说明人们不互相交流。33B【解析】根据第三段中的“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them”可知，Carducci认为成功的闲聊的关键在于学会与其他人沟通。34D【解析】根据倒数第二段第三句“The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience”可知，闲聊使得人们感觉良好。故选D项。题干中的coffee-shop study是关键词，如果定位错误则会脱离文章，从而主观臆断，误选B项和C项。35C【解析】通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了闲聊在人际交往中的重要作用。故C项作本文标题最佳。B项干扰性很强，但是B项是片面的，文章的主旨并不是介绍如何进行闲聊。第二节36G空后一句及接下来的段落是在讲晨练的好处，所以G“如果你计划定期锻炼，或者你现在正在锻炼，那就注意听”符合语境。37E根据空处前两句（你的工作效率提高了；锻炼会让你更清醒，并准备好应付一天中摆在你面前的一切）可知，此空应选E“运动后你可以保持头脑清醒4-10个小时”。more awake与E项中的clear照应。38F 由此空后的“getting.the whole day”与F项中的“burn calories throughout the day”一致可知，答案为F“在你运动之后，你一整天都在消耗卡路里”。39B此空是本段的中心句，根据本段内容可知，本段主要讲了晨练对睡眠的益处，所以选B“你的睡眠质量提高了”。空后一句中的“slept better”是关键信息。40A根据本段中的“healthy food”和“junk food”与选项A中的diet有关可知，此空应选A“你会坚持你的饮食（习惯）”。第三部分语言知识运用第一节41D 自从作者“上次”(last)见到他的儿子已经过去13年了。42A 父子多年没联系，也没见面。得知儿子要来看望他，作者自然是“高兴”(delight)极了。43C 根据语境可知，多年没有见面的儿子要来看望自己，作者自然是感到“激动的”（thrilled）。44C 作者迫不及待地想见到自己的儿子，所以他早早地到达与儿子“会面”( meet)的地方。45A 海湾“沐浴”( bathed)在阳光下。46B 根据常识，“更靠近”(closer)点才能发现皮划艇出了问题。47A 从下文作者救人的描述可知，走近一点，作者发现一只皮划艇遇到了“麻烦”( trouble)。48B 根据下文的描述可知选B。本句跟前一句说的是一回事。something's not right意为“某事不对劲”。49C 从下文内容可知，作者要去水中救人，自然要“跳入”(dived)水中。50D 他在水中猛烈地摇摆(shaking)，以求别人把他拉上去。51C 这时，作者帮忙把那个年轻人从水里“抬”(carry)了出来。52B 他昏迷了，当作者看着他的脸时，突然想到了一些事情。something occurs to sb是固定搭配，意为“某人突然想起某事”。53D 从下文可知，作者救出来的是自己的儿子，父亲对自己的儿子的一些情况应该是“熟悉的”(familiar)。54D当教练说出这个年轻人的名字时，作者马上就“知道”(knew)了一切，原来那个被救的年轻人就是他的儿子。55A 康复得很快，当然是一件幸运的事，故此处表示“幸运地”(Fortunately)。56D 经过短暂的住院治疗后，Ben已经可以“离开”(leave)医院了。57B Ben转过(turned)头来对作者说感谢的话。58C 从上文的描述可知，作者“救”(saved)了Ben的命。59A 作者下水救人，救出来的竟然是自己的儿子，真是“巧合”(coincidence)。60B 作者真的很高兴能“及时”(in time)帮助自己的儿子。第二节61has grown考查时态。由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。62the考查冠词。此处是特指，故用定冠词the。over the past 25 years表示“在过去的25年里”。63actually考查副词。这里需填副词来修饰谓语动词is。64to improve 考查非谓语动词。不定式to improve water quality作目的状语。65than考查介词。由空前的less可知，此处应用介词than，表示“比”。66pollution考查名词。此处应填pollute的名词形式pollution作宾语。67global考查形容词。此处应填globe的形容词形式global作定语。68started考查时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填started。69that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，a soil-testing program是先行词，指物，且定语从句中缺主语，所以应填关系代词that或which。70feeding考查现在分词。while feeding its citizens是时间状语从句while it is feeding its citizens的省略结构。又可理解为此处的feed(养活)与主语China为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词形式。第四部分写作第一节短文改错When I was little, night was our family game night After supper, we would play card games of all in the sitting roomAs kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to them, my parents would not let me They would say to that playing card games would help my brain Still I unwilling to play the games them sometimes I didnt realize how right my parents until I entered high school The games my parents taught me I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life第一处：Friday's改为Friday。考查名词作定语。“星期五晚上”习惯上说Friday night。第二处：sort改为sorts。考查名词的单复数。由前面的all“所有的”可知，sort应用复数形式，all sorts意为“各种各样”。第三处the改为a。考查冠词。此处表示“作为一个孩子”，kid表泛指，且kid的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。第四处：watching改为watch。考查非谓语动词。ask to do sth表示“要求做某事”，为固定用法。第五处：删除not后的to。考查情态动词。would是情态动词，表意愿，后需跟动词原形，故to多余。第六处：us改为me。考查代词。此处表示“他们会对我(me)说”。第七处：在I后加was。考查谓语动词。此句缺谓语动词，be unwilling to do sth.是固定用法，表示“不愿做某事”。结合语境和时态可知，应用一般过去时，故在I后加was。第八处：for改为with。考查介词。表示“和某人玩”习惯用playwith sb，故将for改为with。第九处：are改为were。考查时态。描述过去发生的事应用一般过去时。第十处：where改为when。考查连词。此处表示“当我还是个孩子的时候”，故将where改为when（引导时间状语从句）。第二节书面表达 【写作思路】题目要求写一则书面通知，给出了三个要点。要点没有提供具体的信息，留给学生自由发挥的空间很大。写这类作文时，不但要紧扣三个要点，还要学会写与题目有关的细节。这样，文章内容才会完整且丰富。【范文赏读】NoticeThere is a short English film Growing Together this weekendThe film is mainly related to the development of our school, which will greatly help us students know the school's history better and appeal to us to make contributions to our school's development. Anyone who shows interest in the film is welcome to the school's lecture hall, located on the first floor of the third teaching building, to enjoy itThe film will be shown this Sunday afternoon, lasting 2 hours, from 4:00 to 6:00. In order to get a good seat for seeing, you'd better arrive a bit earlier. If you have any opinion about the film, please send emails to studentunion. Looking forward to your valuable advice.Student Union附：听力参考资料Text 1W：So，how is your German class going，John?M：Well，not badThe pronunciation is fine with me，and its vocabulary is similar to EnglishBut Im finding the grammar awfulW：Well，it takes a while to get it rightText 2W：I hope you can come to the party on SaturdayM：I didnt know I was invitedW：Sure you areEveryone in our office is invitedText 3W：May I help you?M：YesWhen is the next train to London?W：Oh，let me checkIt leaves in twenty minutesM：One ticket，pleaseText 4W：Charlie，do you know a restaurant called Bravo?M：Bravo I know the nameBut Im not sure where it isW：Its on George StreetThe food there is excellentText 5W：Brian，I just had an interviewThey said they would make a decision soonM：What are your chances of getting the job?W：Quite goodI think the interview went very wellText 6M：Lets go kite flying，JudyIts such a lovely dayW：Okay，but let me finish my chemistry homework firstWould you mind waiting for half an hour，Max? There are a few sports magazines on the table M：Isnt the chemistry homework due next Wednesday?W：Yeah，but I have a full day of classes on Monday and a birthday party to attend on TuesdayM：All right，thenYou go ahead，and Ill catch up on some sports news while waitingText 7W：Weve been on the computer all the time lately Why dont we do something different Sunday afternoon?M：Well，we could go to a concertW：But I dont think we can get the tickets this lateM：Then what about playing a computer game? Theres a really cool new one we could downloadW：Hmm，I dont know I feel like I need to do some exercise We could probably just walk by the lake， and Ill ask Mike to join usM：That sounds like funLets do it!Text 8W：Welcome to our program，DrPetersonLets see what questions weve got for you todayHeres one：Can cats see color?M：Sort ofIn the wild，many cats hunt at night because their eyes are designed for low lightYour cat cant see bright colors such as red and greenBut it picks up more shades of blue， yellow，and grey than humans doW：And why do cats give dead birds to their owners?M：When your cat drops a dead bird at your feet， she isnt bringing you a presentMost cats just drag food home because its a safe place to eatA cats mom also brings home things to her children to help them practice huntingSo，a female cat without children may bring these “treats” to her owner insteadYou may not like them，but at least you dont have to write her a thank-you noteText 9W：How is little Ed doing at the kindergarten，Jack?M：Oh，hes doing fairly wellIts been three weeks since he first started going， so Macy and I are pretty used to it nowYou should have seen Macy cry when Ed was about to set off on the first day，thoughW：I think thats a normal reaction for mothers You live quite close to the kindergarten， dont you? How does he get there?M：Macy walks there with him every morning unless the weather is bad When it rains， theyll driveW：And is Ed enjoying kindergarten?M：Yeah，he loves to have other kids to play withHe keeps telling us things they do togetherW：What do the teachers at the kindergarten say about him?M：They said hes bright，and that hes starting to learn how to tell time Isnt that fantastic?W：That is fantasticIt sounds like everything goes wellText 10W：My name is EmilyI had been a dancer for quite a long timeI started studying ballet when I was six years oldBy the time I was nine，I was dancing five days a weekWhen I was eighteen，I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionallySo I applied successfully for the training program at the School of Toronto Dance Theater，and moved to Toronto to attend the programThat was the period of time I enjoyed most in TorontoI graduated on scholarship and danced professionally for ten yearsBut after all those years，I found that dance was gradually becoming something that felt like more of a burden than a joyI found myself increasingly unwilling to drag myself to dance performances，so I quitI do miss dance oftenBut it makes me happy to think that Ill never have to go to another training session again