2022届上海市高三英语科学发明类语法填空1有答案.doc

Directions: After reading the passage below. Jill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The automotive sector is well used to _1_(adapt) to automation in manufacturing. The implementation of robotic car manufacture from the 1970s onwards led to significant cost savings and improvements in the _2_(reliable) and flexibility of vehicle mass production. A new challenge to vehicle production is now on the horizon and, again, _3_ comes from automation. However, this time it is not to do _4_ the manufacturing process, but with the vehicles themselves.Research projects on vehicle automation are not new. Vehicles with _5_( limit) self-driving capabilities have been around for more than 50 years, _6_(result) in significant contributions towards driver assistance systems. But _7_ Google announced in 2010 that it had been trialling self-driving cars on the streets of California, progress in this field has quickly gathered pace. automotive tmtvadj.汽车的;自动推进的;onwards nwdzadv.向前；往前;前进地；进步地;（从某时起）一直;reliable rlabladj.可信的；确凿的; trialling tral n.检验；检测Directions: After reading the passage below. Jill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. There are many reasons why technology is advancing so fast. One frequently _1_(cite) motive is safety; indeed, research at the UK's Transport Research Laboratory has demonstrated that more than 90 percent of road collisions _2_(involve) human error as a contributory factor, and it is the primary cause in the vast_3_ (major). Automation may help to reduce the incidence of this._4_ aim is to free the time people spend driving for other purposes. If the vehicle can do some or all of the driving, it _5_ be possible to be productive, to socialise or simply to relax while automation systems have responsibility for safe control of the vehicle. If the vehicle can do the driving, _6_ who are challenged by existing mobility models - such as older or disabled travellers - may be able to enjoy significantly greater travel autonomy.Beyond these direct benefits, we can consider the_7_ (wide) implications for transport and society, and _8_ manufacturing processes might need to respond as a result. At present, the average car spends more than 90 percent of its life parked. Automation means that initiatives for car-sharing _9_(become) much more viable, particularly in urban areas with significant travel demand. If a significant proportion of the population _10_(choose) to use shared automated vehicles, mobility demand can be met by far fewer vehicles.citesatV.提及(原因); 举出(示例); 列举n.引文collisionklnn.碰撞; (相撞)事故; (两人之间或对立意见socialise'slazv.交际; 使适应社会; 使社会主义化; 按社会主义原则行事initiativentvn.倡议; 新方案; 主动性; 积极性; 自发性adj.起始的Directions: After reading the passage below. Jill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology investigated automated mobility in Singapore, _1_(find) that fewer than 30 percent of the vehicles currently _2_(use) would be required if fully automated car sharing could be implemented. If this is the case, it _3_ mean that we need to manufacture far fewer vehicles to meet demand._4_, the number of trips being taken would probably increase, partly because empty vehicles would have to be moved from one customer to the next.Modelling work by the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute _5_(suggest) automated vehicles might reduce vehicle ownership by 43 percent, but that vehicles' average annual mileage would double as a result. As a _6_(consequent), each vehicle would be used more intensively, and might need _7_(replace) sooner. This _8_(fast) rate of turnover may mean that vehicle production will not necessarily decrease.implementmplment V.使生效; 贯彻n.工具; 器具mileagemaldn.里程; 英里里程; turnovertnv(r)人事变更率; (一定时期内的)营业额，成交量;exceptionalksepnl异常; 卓越的; 杰出的Directions: After reading the passage below. Jill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Automation may prompt other changes in vehicle manufacture. _1_we move to a model where consumers are tending not to own a single vehicle but to purchase access to a range of vehicles through a mobility provider, drivers will have the freedom to select one_2_ best suits their needs for a particular journey, rather than _3_(make) a compromise across all their requirements.Since, for most of the time, most of the seats in most cars are _4_(occupy), this may boost production of a _5_(small), more efficient range of vehicles that suit the needs of_6_ (individual). Specialised vehicles may then be available for _7_(exception) journeys, _8_ going on a family camping trip or helping a son or daughter move to university. hurdlehdln.栏架，跨栏; 跨栏赛; 难关;v.(奔跑中)跳越(某物)infinitenfntadj.无限的; 无穷尽的 n.无限的事物; 无穷尽的事物liabilitylablti责任; 负债; 债务;enforcementnfsmnt执行; 实施Directions: After reading the passage below. Jill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word. fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word: for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. There are a number of hurdles to overcome in delivering automated vehicles _1_ our roads. These include the technical difficulties in ensuring that the vehicle works _2_(reliable) in the infinite range of traffic, weather and road situations it _3_ encounter; the regulatory challenges in understanding how liability and enforcement might change when drivers are _4_essential for vehicle operation; and the societal changes that may be required for communities_5_ (trust) and accept automated vehicles as being a valuable part of the mobility landscape. It's clear that there are many challenges that need to be addressed but, through robust and _6_(target) research, these can most probably be conquered within the next 10 years. Mobility will change in such potentially significant ways and in_7_ (associate) with so many other technological developments, such as telepresence and virtual reality, that it is hard to make concrete predictions about the future. However, one thing is certain: change is coming, and the need to be flexible in response to this will be vital for _8_ involved in manufacturing the vehicles that will deliver future mobility.addressV.写(收信人)姓名地址; 致函; 演说; 演讲; 向说话; 称呼（某人）; 设法解决 robustrbst强健的; 强劲的; 强壮的; 结实的; 耐用的;telepresencen.the use of virtual reality technology to operate machinery by remote control or to create the effect of being at a different or imaginary locationconcretekkrit混凝土制的; 确实的，具体的1. adapting 2. reliability 3.it 4.with 5.limited 6.resulting7. Since automotive tmtvadj.汽车的;自动推进的;onwards nwdzadv.向前；往前;前进地；进步地;（从某时起）一直;reliable rlabladj.可信的；确凿的; trialling tral n.检验；检测1. cited 2.involve 3.majority 4.Another 5.may 6.those 7.wider 8.how 9.become 10.choose1。finding 2.used 3.might 4.However 5.suggests 6.consequence 7.replacing 8.faster1。If 2. that 3.making 4.unoccupied 5.smaller 6.individuals 7. exceptional 8.such as1.to 2.reliably 3.might 4. no longer 5.to trust 6.targeted 7. association 8.those