仁爱英语七年级复习提纲中学教育初中教育中学教育初中教育.pdf

学习必备 欢迎下载 仁爱英语七年级复习提纲 一、列举元音字母及其发音规则。元音字母：A a Ee I i O o U u(其余 21个均为辅音字母)开音节：绝对开音节：单独元音构成的音节。例如：I she me he 相对开音节：一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加一个不发音的 e，例如 name,these,Chinese,mile,like,those,whole,cute 闭音节：一个元音字母加上一个或几个辅音字母。例如：at,desk,begin,not,put 二、默写元音音素并写出含有该音素的几个单词。三、默写辅音音素并写出含有该音素的几个单词。四、英语口语常识。【不完全爆破】在英语中，当爆破音两两相遇时，前者只做发音姿势，后者发出。例如：Wha(t)day is i(t)today?Wha(t)class,si(t)down【清辅音浊化】在英语中，当爆破音在/s/之后时，/sk/读为/sg/,/sp/读为/sb/，/st/读为/sd/。例如：school,skirt,speak,space,stand,street【句子连读】在英语口语中，前者是辅音（音标），后者是元音时，应该把他们连接起来读。例如：get up,stand up,it is,What are you doing for vacation?五、举例说明什么是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。【第一人称】表示说话的人及群体。例如：I,we,Tom and I,Tim and we【第二人称】表示听话的人及群体。例如：you,Kate and you【第三人称】不是说话人，也不是听话的人，表示另外的人或物。例如：he,she,it,they,your mother,my brother,the desk,that map,our teachers 六、举例说明特殊动词 be的用法。主语是第一人称单数的，be动词用 am，例如：I am an outgoing boy.主语是第三人称单数用 is，例如：My sister is a funny girl.She is a quiet schoolgirl.其余的都用 are，例如：Tom and I are good friends.Are you a new student?七、举例说明如何变否定句.【步骤】1、在特殊动词 be（am,is,are,was,were）后加 not，可以把特殊动词 be和 not 缩写。Tom and I are athletic.-Tom and I aren t athletic.She was at home last night.-She wasn t at home last night.2、没有 be动词，但有情态动词 can/may/must/could，就在情态动词后加 not.I can see the bird in the tree.-I can t see the bird in the tree.3、助动词 will，would，should 后加 not,缩写为 won t，wouldn t,shouldn t.例如：They will have an English party next Monday.-They won t have an English party next Monday.4、一般现在时：主语是三人称单数的，动词“三单”变为 doesn t+动词原形。She has lunch at school at noon.-She doesn t have lunch at school at noon.主语不是“三单”，动词前加 don t 即可。They walk to work on Mondays.-They don t walk to work on Mondays.学习必备 欢迎下载 5、一般过去时：谓语动词变为 didn t+动词原形.She did homework ten minutes ago.-She didn t do homework ten minutes ago.We had some pizza for breakfast yesterday.-We didn t have any pizza for breakfast yesterday.【高手秘笈】1 变否定句，把原来的 some系列变成 any 系列。Some-any something-anything somebody-anybody someone-anyone I have some red apples to give him.-I don t have any red apples to give him.2.当谓语中心词是 do/does/did 时，加了 don t,doesn t,didn t 后，还要保留动词原形 do.例如：We do homework at 8:00 in the evening.-We don t do homework at 8:00 in the evening.She does housework on Sundays.-She doesn t do housework on Sundays.She did Chinese Kung fu last year.-She didn t do Chinese Kung fu last year.3.动词的原形与过去式一样时，要分清是过去时，还是现在时。She put a pen in my bag.-She didn t put a pen in your bag.She puts a pen in my bag.-She doesn t put a pen in your bag.4.有些否定句特殊，分部分否定和全否定。含有 always，all,both,everybody,everyone,everything,very much的句子,用not表示部分否定,专门的否定词never,none,neither,nobody,no one,nothing,notat all表示全否定。She always listens carefully and thinks over problems in class.-She doesn t always listen carefully or think over problems in class.她在课堂上并非总是认真听讲、仔细思考问题。-She never listens carefully and thinks over problems in class.她在课堂上从来不认真听讲，不仔细思考问题。We are both new students.-We aren t both new students.我们并非都是新生。Neither of us is a new student.我们都不是新生。Everyone is here now.-Everyone isn t here now.并不是大家都到齐了。No one is here now.现在，没有人来这儿。5.had better+动词原形，在 had better 后+not。You had better go away right now.-You had better not go away right now.6.否定前移：I think/believe/suppose you are right.-I don t think/believe/suppose you are right.7.祈使句的否定直接加 Don t.Open the door,please.-Don t open the door,please.八、举例说明如何变一般疑问句.【变化口诀】一般疑问并不难，特殊动词 be提前；无情无助则加助，有情有助则提前。现在 I,you,we,you,they,前 do后问不困难；定要注意单三现，does加主加动原。假若遇到过去时，did 加主放前面，做完练习仔细看，动词是否改还原。【解题步骤】1.找出特殊动词 be(am,is,are)提前,动词形式不变。I am babysitting my daughter.-Are you babysitting your daughter?My cousin is a funny girl.-Is your cousin a funny girl?Tom and I are both athletic.-Are Tom and you both athletic?2.没有特殊动词 be(am,is,are)，将情态动词 can，may，must，need,could 提前。动词形式不变。We can see the beautiful picture on the wall.-Can you see the beautiful picture on the wall?3没有特殊动词 be，也没有情态动词 can，may，must，就看是否有 will，would，如果有就将他们提前，动词形式不变。They will have an English party next Monday.-Will they have an English party next Monday?There will be a meeting next week.-Will there be a meeting next week?4上面情况都不是，就要加个助动词提前，而且动词要还为原形。一般现在时：主语是“非三单”，动词是原形的，就加个助动词 do提前，保留动词不变。I usually have lunch at school from Monday to Friday.-Do you usually have lunch at school from Monday to Friday?对开音节单独元音构成的音节例如相对开音节一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加一个不发音的例如闭音节一个元音字母加上一个或几个辅音字母例如二默写元音音素并写出含有该音素的几个单词三默写辅音音素并写出含有该音素的英语中当爆破音在之后时读为读为读为例如句子连读在英语口语中前者是辅音音标后者是元音时应该把他们连接起来读例如五举例说明什么是第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称表示说话的人及群体例如第二人称表示听话的人及群的动词用例如主语是第三人称单数用例如其余的都用例如七举例说明如何变否定句步骤在特殊动词后加可以把特殊动词和缩写没有动词但有情态动词就在情态动词后加助动词后加缩写为例如一般现在时主语是三人称单数的动词三单学习必备 欢迎下载 They walk to work on Mondays.-Do they walk to work on Mondays?主语“三单”，动词“三单”，就加个助动词 does提前，动词一定用原形。She wants to be a pop singer like Li Yuchun.-Does she want to be a pop singer like Li Yuchun?Our Chinese teacher teaches us really well.-Does your Chinese teacher teach you really well?一般过去时：谓语动词是过去式，加个助动词 did 提前，动词一定用原形。She played the guitar ten minutes ago.-Did she play the guitar ten minutes ago?We did our homework yesterday evening.-Did you do your homework yesterday evening?【高手秘笈】1变疑问句，要把原来的第一人称的代词换成第二人称的代词,把 some系列变成 any 系列。I,me,we,us-you my,our-your mine,ours-yours Some-any somebody-anybody someone-anyone something-anything I have some red apples to give him.-Do you have any red apples to give him?2谓语中心词是 do,does,did 时，加了助动词 do,does,did 后，还要保留动词原形 do.My son does homework at 8:00 in the evening.-Does your son do homework at 8:00 in the evening?I do housework on Sunday mornings.-Do you do housework on Sunday mornings?We did Chinese Kung fu last year.-Did you do Chinese Kung fu last year?3.动词的原形与过去式一样时，要分清是过去时，还是现在时。She hit me in the face.-Did she hit you in the face?She hits me in the face.-Does she hit you in the face?九、特 殊 疑 问 句【结构】特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+剩下部分的一般疑问句+？【考试题型】划线部分提问。【解题思路】关键是确定疑问词，找出疑问词替换划线部分，后面是疑问语序，最后是问号。【例题赏析】1 问姓名：用 what 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。My/Her/His name is Li Hua.-What s your/her/his name?Their names are Lucy and Lily.-What are their names?2 问班级：用 what class引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。I am in Class One,Grade Seven.-What class are you in?My son is in Class 3,Grade 8.-What class is your son in?3 问颜色：用 what color 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。It is green.-What color is it?She likes blond.-What color does she like?4 问电话号码：用 what 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。My telephone number is 48430051.-What is your telephone number?5.问职业：用 what 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。She is a nurse.-What does she do?=What is her job?=What s she?I am a driver.-What do you do?=What are you?=What s your job?6.问动作：用 what 引导，划线部分用 do的适当形式替换。Our Chinese teacher often makes us laugh in class.-What does your Chinese teacher do in class?I always read books in the morning.-What do you always do in the morning?He put an egg on the table just now.-What did you do just now?She is babysitting her sister this weekend.-What s she doing this weekend?7.问地点：用 where引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。She left her ruler at home.-Where did she leave her ruler?I am leaving for Hong Kong.-Where are you leaving for?8.问动作的执行者、承受者：用 who/whom 引导，对主语提问用 who，宾语用 whom，划线部分不要，最后用问号。对开音节单独元音构成的音节例如相对开音节一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加一个不发音的例如闭音节一个元音字母加上一个或几个辅音字母例如二默写元音音素并写出含有该音素的几个单词三默写辅音音素并写出含有该音素的英语中当爆破音在之后时读为读为读为例如句子连读在英语口语中前者是辅音音标后者是元音时应该把他们连接起来读例如五举例说明什么是第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称表示说话的人及群体例如第二人称表示听话的人及群的动词用例如主语是第三人称单数用例如其余的都用例如七举例说明如何变否定句步骤在特殊动词后加可以把特殊动词和缩写没有动词但有情态动词就在情态动词后加助动词后加缩写为例如一般现在时主语是三人称单数的动词三单学习必备 欢迎下载 I am planning to go fishing with my cousin.-Who is planning to go fishing with your cousin?I am planning to go fishing with my cousin.-Whom are you planning to go fishing with?She wants to go to the movies with me.-Who wants to go to the movies with you?She wants to go to the movies with me.-Who/Whom does she want to go to the movies with?9.问“物主”：用 whose引导，物主代词或名词所有格后有名词就用 whose+名词引导，没有名词就直接用 whose引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。This is his/Tina s friend.-Whose friend is this?This pair of trousers is hers/Tara.-Whose is this pair of trousers?10.问日期：what+is/was+the date+?It s October 2nd today.-What s the date today?It was January 3rd yesterday.-What was the date yesterday?11.问星期或节日：用 what day 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。Today is Monday.-What day is today?It s Christmas Day tomorrow.-What day is it tomorrow?12问感觉、身体状况：用 how 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。I like my physics teacher very much.-How do you like your physics teacher?=What do you think of your physics teacher?His cousin is fine.-How is his cousin?13问方式：用 how 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。She usually gets to school on her bike/by bike.-How does she usually get to school?She often takes the subway to school.-How does she often get to school?14问年龄：用 how old 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。My sister is forty.-How old is your sister?=What s your sister s age?He is fourteen years old.-How old is he?=what s his age?15：问数量：用 how many/much 引导，对可数名词的数量提问用 how many+名词复数引导，对不可数名词的数量提问用 how much+不可数名词引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。She has an interesting book.-How many interesting books does she have?I have two/some/many friends at school.-How many friends do you have at school?She bought me a bottle of cola.-How much cola did she buy you?16问价格：用 how much 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。It s five yuan.-How much is it?=What s its price?17问动作发生的频率（多久一次）：用 how often 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。He walks to work once a week.-How often does he walk to school?We catch the bus to school every day.-How often do you catch the bus to school?18问距离：用 how far 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。My home is 2 kilometers away from school.-How far is your home from school?19问时间、动作发生的时间：用 what time/when 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。I usually go to work at seven o clock.-What time do you usually go to work?It started an hour ago.-When did it start?20问原因：用 why 引导，划线部分不要，最后用问号。I didn t go to work because I was ill.-Why didn t you go to work?十、名 词(n.)【什么是名词】表示事物名称的词。例如：desk，aunt，eraser 等，名词在句子中常作主语、宾语、定语、表语。作主语在句首，作宾语常在动词或介词后，名词经常被形容词修饰。主语：The desk is new.宾语：I want an interesting book.Thanks for your last letter.定语：He is a school boy.表语：She is a beautiful girl.【温馨提示】可数名词单数不能独立使用，应该有个限定词。用不定冠词 a/an 表示泛指，定冠词 the表示特指，形容词、物主代词、名词所有格表示性质或者归属。也可以用名词复数表示类指。例如：It s an interesting story.对开音节单独元音构成的音节例如相对开音节一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加一个不发音的例如闭音节一个元音字母加上一个或几个辅音字母例如二默写元音音素并写出含有该音素的几个单词三默写辅音音素并写出含有该音素的英语中当爆破音在之后时读为读为读为例如句子连读在英语口语中前者是辅音音标后者是元音时应该把他们连接起来读例如五举例说明什么是第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称表示说话的人及群体例如第二人称表示听话的人及群的动词用例如主语是第三人称单数用例如其余的都用例如七举例说明如何变否定句步骤在特殊动词后加可以把特殊动词和缩写没有动词但有情态动词就在情态动词后加助动词后加缩写为例如一般现在时主语是三人称单数的动词三单学习必备 欢迎下载 The eraser is my(Kate s)sister s.【名词所有格】表示某人所有。一般在名词后加 s，例如：Tom s，sister s，women s有 s结尾的复数名词就只加，teachers，doctors，workers ,名词所有格相当于物主代词用，表示事物的归属问题。例如：my sister s book,Tom s eraser（表示共同所有把后面个名词变所有格，Li Ping and Li Bin s father；分别所有就分别变 Wang Lei s and Li Bin s fathers）【不可数名词】1不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用不定冠词 a/an 修饰，也不能用数词修饰，不可以用 many,a few,several 修饰，可以用 much,a little,some,any 修饰。作主语时，视为第三人称单数。2不可数名词的计量：a/an/数词+名词（计量）+of+不可数名词，例如：two bottles of milk 3 询问不可数名词的数量用 How much引导，对计量单位提问用 How many+名词复数。I would like some milk.-How much milk would you like?My cousin has three pieces of bread.-How many pieces of milk does your cousin have?4常用不可数名词：water,milk,ice cream,paper,beef,meat,chalk,juice，food.【可数名词的复数】1 名词复数变化规则：A.一般在词尾加 s，例如:eggs,faces,oranges,players,boys,boats,birds,friends B以 s,ss,x,ch,sh 结尾的加 es，例如：buses,classes,watches,fishes C以 o结尾的名词，有生命力的加 es，例如：heroes,tomatoes,potatoes没有生命力的加，例如：zoos,photos D.以辅音字母加 y 结尾的，先变 y 为i，再加 es,例如：babybabies,familyfamilies E.-f,-fe结尾的,变为 v，再加 e s，例如：leafleaves,knife knives,wifewives 2 名词复数不规则变化:单复同形 如：sheep，fish，Chinese，deer，Japanese childchildren,footfeet,tooth teeth,mousemice,manmen,womanwomen.温馨提示：以 man 和 woman 结尾的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。如：an Englishman，two Englishmen.但 German 不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans；（高手秘笈）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。如：people，police 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police但可以说 a person，a policeman，the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如：The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。表示由两部分构成的东西，如 glasses(眼镜),trousers,clothes 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers 合成词只需中心词变复数：boy students,girl students，但是，man/woman 用于名词前作定语时，都要变为复数：man doctormen doctors,woman teacherwomen teachers 高手秘笈：fish 鱼肉(不可数名词)，fish-fishes鱼（种类），fish-fish 鱼（数量），people-people人（个体），people-peoples人（人种，民族），chicken-chickens小鸡，chicken 鸡肉(不可数名词)十一、代 词(pron.)【人称代词】代替名词，分为主格人称代词和宾格人称代词。人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it 1主格人称代词：作句子的主语，通常位于句首。对它提问用 who引导。例句：I want to be a useful man.We/They are all new students.She/He often plays chess with me.2宾格人称代词：作动词或介词的宾语，放在动词或介词之后。对它提问用 whowhom 引导。例句：She asks me/him to give an English book to her.We will give it to them.Mr.Xia loves us,we also like him.He often plays chess with me.高手秘笈：1.当几个代词作主语时，其顺序是：单数：you，he and I 复数：we,you and they 例如：You，he and I are good friends.We,you and they good friends.但是在承担责任时，应把放在前面，如是复数时，则顺序不变。例如：I,you and he all make mistakes.2.代表国家、车船、地球、月亮时，一般用阴性的 she或 her，用 he或 him 代表太阳。主格人称代词单独对开音节单独元音构成的音节例如相对开音节一个元音字母加一个辅音字母再加一个不发音的例如闭音节一个元音字母加上一个或几个辅音字母例如二默写元音音素并写出含有该音素的几个单词三默写辅音音素并写出含有该音素的英语中当爆破音在之后时读为读为读为例如句子连读在英语口语中前者是辅音音标后者是元音时应该把他们连接起来读例如五举例说明什么是第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称表示说话的人及群体例如第二人称表示听话的人及群的动词用例如主语是第三人称单数用例如其余的都用例如七举例说明如何变否定句步骤在特殊动词后加可以把特殊动词和缩写没有动词但有情态动词就在情态动词后加助动词后加缩写为例如一般现在时主语是三人称单数的动词三单学习必备 欢迎下载 使用时一般用对应的宾格形式。例如：-Who s on duty?-Me.(I am)【物主代词】表示物主（事物归属），分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。数 人称 类别 单数 复数 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二人称 第三 人称 形容词性物主代词 my your his her its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 汉语 我的 你的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 你们的 他（她、它）们的 1.形容词性物主代词：相当于形容词用，修饰名词，放在名词的前面，作名词的定语。换句话说，它后面应该有个名词。对它提问用 whose加名词引导。That is its cage.This is myouryour classroom.Those are hishertheir students.2.名词性物主代词：相当于名词用，后面没有名词，直接可以充当句子的主语或动词、介词的宾语。即：表示物主时，后面没有名词就用名词性物主代词。提问用 whose引导。(名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词)This isn t my shirt,mine is new.Maybe it s his.My pen is broken.Can you lend yours to me.【指示代词】this,these是近指,与 here对应,that,those是远指,与 there对应。（高手秘笈）1.向别人做介绍不能说 He/She is.应该说 This is.2.打电话时：我是某人，不能说 I am.应该说 This is.3.你是谁？不能说 Who are you?应该说 Who is that?4.英语表达中用 that 承接上文,用 this引出下文。5表示天气、自然环境、距离等时用 it，而下面的情形却只能用 that。The weather in Chongqing is much hotter than that in Beijing in summer.My seat is next to that of the headmaster.教你一招：that=the+名词（与前面的同类但不同个）而 it 指的是上文提到的同一件东西。【反身代词】用于表示强调或表示动作所及对象是动作执行者本身（某人自己）。反身代词也有人称和数的变化。在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。例如：He taught himself two years ago.(宾语)He himself went to the movies yesterday.(同位语).反身代词有：第一人称：myself,ourselves第二人称：yourself,yourselves第三人称：himself,herself,itself,themselves常用短语：enjoy oneself,all by oneself,help oneself to，teach oneself/learn all by oneself 【不定代词】不明特定的人或事物的代词。有：some,any,no,every,each,all,both,either,neither,none,little,a little,few,a few,another,other,others,many,much 等，以及由 some,any,no,every 和 one，thing，body 组成的复合不定代词。他们大多数能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但含有 some,any,no,every 的复合不定代词只能作主语、宾语和表语，不能做定语。no和 every 只能做定语。1.some含 something,somebody,someone用于肯定句或表示建议、邀请的疑问句中。any 含 anything,anybody,anyone:用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。May I ask you some question?Would you like some tea?Tom is more outgoing than any（任何）other boy in his class.Any（任何）of you can ask me if you have any（一些）questions.2.形容词修饰复合不定代词（something,anything,nothing）放在复合不定代词的后面。Something newoldelsedifferentimportant nothing difficultinterestingmuchimportant 3.everybody,everyone,everything,anybody,anyone,anything,somebody,someone,something,nob