2021年高考英语之真题+模拟重组卷01（新高考地区专用解析版）.pdf
冲剌2021年高考英语之精选真题+模拟重组卷（新高考地区专用）（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅 读（共两节，满分50分）第 一 节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满分375 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AUnsolved Mysteries About the Planet EarthMystery 1:Where did water come from?Water covers more than 70 percent of the Earths surface and that makes the Earth earn thenickname the blue planetn.Then where di water come from?The most popular scientific theory statesthat the H2came from several violent asteroids（小行星）covered with ice.Anothe suggests that the wateractually has been around since the Earths formation However it happened,though,its certainly workedout well for the Earth life forms.Mystery 2:What about all the oxygen?Another thing is the planets oxygen.Tiny creatures released oxygen as a waste product,filling theatmosphere with it.After that,the level of oxyge in the Earths atmosphere went wildly up and downuntil it finally cal me down around 540 million years ago.Since then,it*s remained at about thebreathable level we know today.But what caused it to be suddenly steady?Mystery 3:What caused the Cambrian（寒武纪）Explosion?The Cambrian Explosion refers to the explosion of complex life forms that occurred on Earth about540 million years ago.Before then,life had consisted mostly of microbes.But at the beginning of theCambrian period complex creatures began developing at a rate never seen before.Suddenly,life formshad brains,eyes,and bones.Most living creatures today can trace their blood back to the Cambrianperiod.Mystery 4:Will we be able to predict earthquakes?We still havent been able to come up with a way to accurately predict earthquakes.We can certainlytry,but our current technology cannot predict them exactly.We know that earthquakes start when therock cracks underground and the enormous energy released in the process causes vibration,whichgenerates earthquake waves,but we havent figured out why that happens,or how to predict it.1 .What was created by creatures on Earth?A.Water.B.Bacterium.C.Oxygen.D.Ice.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据 Mystery2:What about all the oxygen?部分中的 Tiny creatures releasedoxygen as a waste product可知，微生物把氧气当作废弃物释放出来。因此，氧气是地球上的微生物创造出来的。故选C 项。2.Which of the following talks about the Earths advanced species?A.Mystery 1 .B.Mystery 2.C.Mystery 4.D.Mystery 3.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据 Mystery3:What caused the Cambrian Explosion?部分中的Suddenly,lifeforms had brains,eyes,and bones.”可知，突然之间，生物有了大脑、眼睛和骨头。因此，此部分内容介绍关于地球高级物种的信息。3.What do we know about Mystery 4?A.It is a matter that has extremely practical significance.B.It will be solved in the near future.C.It is the most difficult mystery to solve of the four.D.It is the oldest mystery of the four.【答案】A 解析 推理判断题。根 据 Mystery 4:WiII we be able to predict earthquakes?部分的内容可知，能否准确预测地震与人类的生命和财产安全息息相关，极具现实意义，故选A 项。BThe freezing Northeast hasn*t been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter,so when the chancecame for a weekend to Sarasota,Florida,my bags were packed before you could say“sunshine”.I leftfor the land of warmth and vitamin C（维生素 C）,thinking of beaches and orange trees.When we toucheddown to blue skies and warm air,I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness.Swimming pools,wine tasting,and pink sunsets（at normal evening hours,not 4 in the afternoon）filled the weekend,but the best part particularly to my taste,dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables-was a 7 a.m.adventure tothe Sarasota farmers1 market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.The market,which was founded in 1979,sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 a.m.to 1 p.m.,rain or shine,along North Lemon and State streets.Baskets of perfect red strawberries；the red-paintedsides of the Java Dawg coffee truck;and most of all,the tomatoes:amazing,large,soft and round redtomatoes.Disappointed by many a broken,vine-ripened（蔓上成熟的）promise,Ive refused to buy wintertomatoes for years.No matter how attractive they look in the store,once I get them home theyreunfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.But I homed in,with uncertainty,on one particular table at theBrowns Grove Farms stand,full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist.These were the real deal and at that moment,I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating thingsthat back home in New York I wouldnt be experiencing again for months.Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight,my happiness deepened when I learned that BrownsGrove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton,where-luckily for m e-I was planning to have dinner that very night.Without even seeing the menu,I knew Id be ordering every tomato on it.4.What did the author think of her winter life in New York?A.Exciting.B.Boring.C.Relaxing.D.Annoying.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。由第一段中的 The freezing Northeast hasnt been a terribly fun place tospend time this winter 和 dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables 可知，作者厌倦 f 纽约的冬天，因为那里根本没有乐趣，同时也厌倦了冬天的根茎蔬菜，所以可以推断出作者认为纽约的冬天是令人厌烦、枯燥和单调的。故选B 项。A 项 exciting“令人兴奋的”，显然与作者真实的感受相反；C 项 relaxing“令人放松的“，文中体现不出作者明显的放松情绪；annoying“令人恼怒的”，作者只是感觉“枯燥、单调“，并非 恼怒5.What made the authors getting up early worthwhile?A.Having a swim.B.Breathing in fresh air.C.Walking in the morning sun.D.Visiting a local farmers*market.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据题干关键信息词worthwhile可以定位到第段的最后一句。由.thebest part.was a 7 a.m.adventure to the Sarasota farmers market that proved to be more than worth theearly wake-up call.可知，作者认为，早起去参观萨拉索塔农贸市场很值得，因此选D 项。6.What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York an winter?A.They are soft.B.They look nice.C.They taste great.D.They are juicy.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的.live refused to buy winter tomatoes for years.可知，作者在纽约已经好多年不买冬季出售的西红柿了，然后通过No matter how attractive they look in thestore,once I get them home theyre unfailingly dry,hard,and tasteless.可知，纽约冬季出售的西红柿只是看起来好看，但是吃着发干、很硬而且无味。故 B 项正确。A、C、D 三项与作者所描述的纽约冬季出售的西红柿的现实情况相反，故排除。7.What was the author going to do that evening?A.Go to a farm.B.Check into a hotel.C.Eat in a restaurant.D.Buy fresh vegetables.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据题干关键信息词that evening可定位到最后段中的.I learned thatBrowns Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty,a newly opened restaurant at the SarasotaRitz Carlton,where-luckily for meI was planning to have dinner that very night.,句中的 that verynighl是关键信息词。由此可知，这个农场是Jack Dusly（一个新开的饭馆）的一个（蔬菜和水果）供应商，而幸运的是作者那晚正好要去这个位于the Sarasota Ritz Carlton的饭馆吃饭。故 C 项正确此处并未提到“晚上去个农场”“入住一家宾馆、因此可以排除A、B 两项。文章最后句话说的是在那个饭馆直接点。rder）每一道带西红柿的菜，而不是D 项所说的“买新鲜的蔬菜”。CIn many films,when the owner is in trouble,their beloved dog would run home to seek help withoutfail.Yet,while this image has become ar unforgettable part of our pop culture,few people know thesame sort o response applied to service dogs.Once a blind man fell flat on his face,which was awful but finally harmless.His service dog,however,was trained to turn to an adult if the owner had an epileptic seizure（癫瘤发作）,and it was surethis was a seizure.However,while the dog did what it was taught,the woman it found was merelyannoyed but not alarmed.Thankfully,the dogs owner was not in the situation of medical emergency.But the experience inspired him to share this information on social media,If a service dog without aperson approaches you,it means the person is down and in need of help,*the owner explained.Dontget scared,dont get annoyed,and follow the dog!If the first person doesn*t cooperate,it moves on.”Referring to the accident,a TV presenter asked a dog trainer,Olivia,some basic questions aboutservice dogs,including how humans should react if an unaccompanied service dog approaches them.nWhat theyre going to do is sniff and gently push your leg,the trainer explained,specificallynoting that service dogs are not usually trained to jump or bark.If you see a dog in a vest without aperson around it follow it.When asked if one should say something to indicate they?prepared to followthe dog,Olivia said theres no clear command.The spoken language is not going to be a secretpassword,*said.nYou car say,What?*or Where?or just start walking wherever the dog leads.Olivia concluded the TV show by adding that those who rely on service dogs could train theircompanions to move along to someone else,if the first person the dog came upon reacted negatively toits request.Doing so could finally save the owners life.8.What do we know about service dogs?A.They cant understand the spoken language.B.They often make people annoyed.C.They are seldom known by most people.D.They only exist in the pop culture.【答案】C【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Yet,while this image has become an unforgettable part of ourpop culture,few people know the same sort of response applied to service dogs.”可知，虽然这种 E|J 象已经是通俗文化中令人难忘的部分，但很少有人知道在现实中遇到类似的情况时，服务犬确实会有这样的反应。由此可知，大多数人对于服务犬了解甚少。9.In the owners emergency,a service dog will g e n e r a l l y.A.run home for help of familiesB.ask the nearby person for helpC.jump or bark to draw peoples attentionD.stay beside the owner until the owner recovers【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His service dog,however,was trained to turn to an adult if theowner had an epileptic seizure可知，他的服务犬受到的训练是，在他癫痛发作的时候，去向成年人寻求帮助。因此，当主人出现紧急情况的时候，服务犬会向附近的人求助。10.How should people react to an unaccompanied service dog?A.Follow it to anywhere it leads.B.Communicate with it through commands.C.Keep it home until finding its owner.D.Take it to the nearest police station.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的If you see a dog in a vest without a person around it,follow it.*可知，如果你看到只无人在其周围的服务犬，请跟着它走。由此可知，见到无人陪伴的服务犬，应该跟着它。11.What is the authors purpose of sharing the story?A.To encourage everyone to help disabled people.B.To introduce a talk show about service dogs.C.To teach how to train service dogs well.D.To spread knowledge of dealing with service dogs.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段中的“Yet,while this image has become anunforgettable part of our pop culture,few people know the same sort of response applied to service dogs.可知，人们对现实中的服务犬了解甚少。而本文主要介绍了当服务犬过来向你求助时应如何做。由此可知，本文旨在普及应对服务犬的相关知识。DBacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodiesgrow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaningthem up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem?Its turning to a bunch ofhigh school kids.But not just any kids.It depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like theone science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past twoyears,Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think theyreclose to a solution（解决方案）.“We dont give the students any breaks.They have to do it just likeNASA engineers,says Florence Gold,a project manager.There are no tests,Gordon says.There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other than Are you working towards your goal?1 Basically,its Tve got to produce this product and then,at the end of year,present it to NASA/Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and.its not avery nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响）on college admissions and practical lifeskills.These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dont teach.*And that annoyingbacteria?Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readyinga workable solution to test in space.12.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?A.They are hard to get rid of.B.They lead to air pollution.C.They appear in different forms.D.They damage the instruments.【答案】.A【解析】推理判断题 本题题干意为：我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪些？根据题干中的关键词 bacteria in the International Space Station 可定位至第一段。根据第一段中 Bacteria are anannoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfacesof the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week.可知，国际空间站的细菌非常难处理，所以选择A 项。B:它们导致空气污染；C:它们以不同的形式出现；D:它们毁坏仪器13.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?A.Tb strengthen teacher-student relationships.B.To sharpen students,communication skills.C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.D.To link space technology with schooleducation.【答案】.D【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：HUNCH项目的目的是什么？第二段第一句HUNCH isdesigned to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.（HUNCH 的设计目的是将高中教室与 NASA的工程师联系在一起。）中的high school classrooms与 D 选项中的school ed-ucation（学校教育）对应，NASA engineers与 D 选项中的space technol-ogy（空间技术）对应，故选D。A:为了加强师生关系；B:为了提升学生的交流技能；C:为了让学生体验失重14.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?A.Check their product.B.Guide project designs.C.Adjust work schedules.D.Grade their homework.【答案】.A【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：NASA的工程师为参加此项目的学生做了些什么？根据题干中的 NASA engineers do 可定位至第三段的 Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and.it*s not a very nice thing at times.It*s a hard business review of your product,句中两次出现review（检查，审查），证明NASA的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查，所以答案是A 项。B:指导项目设计；C:调整工作时间表；D:给他们的作业打分。15.What is the best title for the text?A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts B.Space:The Final Homework FrontierC.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom D.HUNCH:A College Admission Reform【答案】.B【解析】主旨大意题。本题题干意为：最适合本文的标题是什么？本文主要介绍HUNCH项目，这个项目是有关太空研究的，而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知，最 佳选项是B 项（Space:The Final Homework Frontier）,Space 对应太空研究，Homework 对应高中教育，Frontier（前沿）突 出 了 这 个 项 目 的 领 先 性。A:NASA:The Home of Astronauts,文 章 并 非 重 点 介 绍NASA;C:Nature:An Outdoor Class-room,Nature 并不聚焦太空领域；D:HUNCH:A College AdmissionReform,HUNCH项目不是大学入学改革第 二 节（共 5 小题；每小题2.5分，满 分 125 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine you are on a long car trip.It is night and you take a wrong turn onto a dark country road.With a sinking feeling,you realize that you have no idea where you are.16,and the answer is written by light.A shining compass face,withnorth,south,east and west at the four points,and a big needle is pointing at north.What a relief!Youturn your car around and head in the right direction guided by the sky.For migratory birds,finding their way over long distances through the darkest nights is theirsecond nat ur e.17_-directions written by light and magnetism（磁力）.Some birds travelthousands of miles in their twice-yearly journeys.18,like mountain ranges andrivers,to help decide the directions;but birds may also navigate by using the stars,and sensing or evenseeing the Earths invisible magnetic field.For many years,scientists have been studying whats behind the strong ability of migratory birds tofind their way to their winter and summer homes.Here is one thing that they agree on.19.This compass leads them to make their very first in the direction that has been thedight in the traveled by the rest of their s peci es.20.A.Then you glance up the skyB.They do it in part by reading directions in the skyC.So birds are born knowing which way their home isD.Magnetism is important for all animals,especially birds and fishesE.When theyre on the way,they take advantage of familiar la
