2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试真题(全国甲卷)英语试题(解析版).pdf
绝密启用前 考试时间：2021年 6 月 8 日15:00-17:002021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试真题（全国甲卷）（适用地区：四川、云南、贵州、广西、西藏）英语试题（解析版）本试卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每图所给的A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AA Take a view,the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award,was the ideaof Charlie Waite,one of todays most respected landscape photographers.Each year,thehigh standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcasethe very best photography of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annualcompetition for photographers from all comers of the UK and beyond.Mike Shepherd（2011）Skiddaw in WinterCumbria,EnglandIt was an extremely cold winters evening and freezing fog hung in the air.I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little morethan a few feet deep,and though it was only a short climb,I found myselfcompletely above it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw withthe sum setting in the west.I used classical techniques,translated from mycollege days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop,to achieve theblack一and一white image（图像）.Timothy Smith（2014）Macclesfield ForestCheshire,EnglandI was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images.Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe.a local high point,I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellowgrasses set against the fresh snow.The small pine added to the interest and Iplaced it centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into theforest.1.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?A.Writers.B.Photographers.C.Painters.D.Tourists.2.What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?A.They are winter images.B.They are in black and white.C.They show mountainous scenes.D.They focus on snow-covered forests.3.Where can the text be found?A.In a history book.B.In a novel.C.In an art magazine.D.In a biography.【答案】1.B 2.A 3.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第段“Take a view,the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the YearAward,was the idea of Charlie Waite,one of todays most respected landscapephotographers.（Take a view,年度风景摄影师奖是Charlie Waite的主意，他是当今最受尊敬的风景摄影师之一）可知摄影师最有可能参加Take a view。故选B。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Mike Shepherd 部分“It was an extremely cold winters evening andfreezing fog hung in the a ir.（那是一个极其寒冷的冬天的晚上，空气中弥漫着冰冷的雾）和 Timothy Smith 部分“I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to takesome winter images.（我回到我的家乡Macclesfield拍摄一些冬季的照片）可知Shepherd和 Smith的作品的共同之处是它们都是冬天的景象。故选A。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Each year,the high standard of entries has shown that theAwards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography of the Britishlandscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from allcomers of the UK and beyond.”（每年参赛作品的高水准表明，该奖项是展示英国风景最佳摄影作品的完美平台。对于英国和世界各地的摄影师来说,Take a view是一项令人向往的年度竞赛）结合下文对两位获奖者及其作品的介绍,可知这篇文章主要介绍了摄影比赛Take a view以及获奖的相关情况，最可能出现在一本艺术杂志上。故选C。BPort Lympne Reserve,which runs a breeding（繁育）programme,has welcomed thearrival of a rare black rhino calf（犀牛幼崽）.When the tiny creature arrived on January31,she became the 40th black rhino to be bom at the reserve.And officials at PortLympne were delighted with the new arrival,especially as black rhinos are known forbeing difficult to breed in captivity（圈养）.Paul Beer,head of rhino section at Port Lympne,said:Obviously were allabsolutely delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family.Shes healthy,strong and already eager to play and explore.Her mother,Solio,is a first-time mum andshe is doing a fantastic job.Its still a little too cold for them to go out into the open,but assoon as the weather warms up,I have no doubt that the little one will be out and aboutexploring and playing every day.”The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve,but itis too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areasof the wild.The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-timemother Kisima and weighed about 32kg.His mother,grandmother and great grandmotherwere all born at the reserve and still live there.According to the World Wildlife Fund,the global black rhino population has droppedas low as 5500,giving the rhinos a critically endangered,status.4.Which of the following best describes the breeding programme?A.Costly.B.Controversial.C.Ambitious.D.Successful.5.What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino?A.She loves staying with her mother.B.She dislikes outdoor activities.C.She is in good condition D.She is sensitive to heat.6.What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have?A.They had their first born in January.B.They enjoyed exploring newplacesC.They lived with their grandmothers.D.They were brought to the reserveyoung7.What can be inferred about Pom Lympne Reserve?A.The rhino section will be open to the public.B.It aims to control the number of the animals.C.It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.D.Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.【答案】4.D 5.C 6.A 7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在PortLympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。【4 题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“she became the 40th black rhino to be bom at thereserve（她成为该保护区出生的第40头黑犀牛）”以及文章倒数第二段“Hismother,grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve and still live there.（他的母亲、祖母和曾祖母都出生在保护区,至今仍住在那里）”可知，保护区的繁育计划使很多黑犀牛成功存活,可推知,这计划是成功的。故选D 项。【5 题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Shes healthy,strong and already eager to play andexplore.（她很健康，很强壮，已经渴望玩耍和探索了）”可知，Paul Beer认为新生的犀牛身体状况很好。故选C 项。【6题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第一段“When the tinv creature arrived on January 31,shebecame the40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.（1 月 31 日，当这头小犀牛来到保护区时，她成为了第40头在保护区出生的黑犀牛）”以及文章倒数第二段Thefirstrhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima andweighed about 32kg.（1月5日，犀牛妈妈Kisima分娩的第一头小犀牛，同时也是第一个出生在Port Lympne,体重约为32公斤）”可知,Solio和Kisima的第一个孩子都是在一月份出生的。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“it is too early to tell if the calves will make goodcandidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild（要判断这些小犀牛是否会成为返回野生保护区的好的候选者还为时过早）”可推知,Pon Lympne保护区的一些犀牛可能会被送到野生保护区。故选D项。CWhen I was 9,we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow,London on a gray January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the cityexcept me.Without my beloved beaches and endless bluesky days,I felt at a loss andout of place.Until I made a discovery.Southbank,at an eastern bend in the Thames,is the center of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.1 loved it.I soonmade friends with the local skaters.We spoke our own language.And my favorite:Safe.Safe meant cool.It meant hello.It meant dont worry about it.Once,when trying a certaintrick on the beam（横杆）,I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand,and Tobycame over,helping me up:Safe,man.Safe.A few minutes later,when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting:“Safe!Safe!Safe!”And thafs whatmattered一landing tricks,being a good skater.When I was 15,my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there,but thelocals were far less welcoming.Within a couple of years,Id given it up.When I returned to London in 2004,1 found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there.Pve traveled back several times since,most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear:tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters.Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards,I found my way to the beam.Then a railthin teenager,in a baggy white Tshirt,skidded（滑）up to the beam.He satnext to me.He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of hisglances.UI was a local here 20 years ago J I told him.Then,slowly,he began to nod hishead.Safe,man.Safe79“Yeah J I said.Safe/98.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London?A.He felt disappointed.B.He gave up his hobby.C.He liked the weather there.D.He had disagreements with hisfamily.9.What do the underlined words Safe!Safe!Safe!”probably mean?A.Be careful!B.Well done!C.No way!D.Dontworry!10.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London?A.To join the skateboarding.B.To make new friends.C.To learn more tricks.D.To relive his childhood days11.What message does the author seem to convey in the text?A.Children should learn a second language.B Sport is necessary for childrens health.C.Children need a sense of belongingD.Seeing the world is a must for children.【答案】8.A 9.B 10.D 11.C【解析】【分析】本文属于记叙文。本文讲述作者自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后,经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆,在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候,终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days,I felt at a loss and out ofplace.（除了我之外的家里人都很快适应这个城市，没有了我喜爱的沙滩和蓝天,我感到迷茫和无措）可知，作者刚到伦敦的时候因为没有喜爱的沙滩,不能很好的融入到新的城市,感到很沮丧,故选A。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“And thats what matteredlanding tricks,being a goodskater.（那才是真正重要的滑板的落地技巧掌握了才是一名好的滑板玩家）”可知，作者掌握了滑板落地技巧，因此他的朋友大声欢呼，因此可以推出本句的Safe是赞美的含义,结合选项,故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“I was a local here 20 years ago,I told him.Then,slowly,hebegan to nod his head.uSafe,man.Safe.（我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板,“他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨,你好！）”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆,故选Do【11题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。但是搬去华盛顿，因为没有遇到很好的玩滑板的朋友，几年之后就不再玩滑板，作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地方寻找自己的回忆,在于一个孩子打招呼的时候,终于找到了自己久违的回忆。通过作者的经历，作者要表达的是,归属感对于孩子是很重要的,故选CDWho is a genius?This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.Lets state clearly:Einstein was a genius.His face is almost the international symbolfor genius.But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself.Why is it that some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us?And who are they?In the sciences and arts,those praised as geniuses were most often white men,ofEuropean origin.Perhaps this is not a surprise.Itfs said that history is written by thevictors,and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club.Whencontributions were made by geniuses outside the club一women,or people of a differentcolor or belief-they were unacknowledged and rejected by others.A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six,girls are lesslikely than boys to say that members of their gender（性另lj）are really,really smart.Even worse,the study found that girls act on that belief:Around age six they start to avoidactivities said to be for children who are really,really smart.Can our planet afford tohave any great thinkers become discouraged and give up?It doesnt take a genius to knowthe answer:absolutely not.Heres the good news.In a wired world with constant global communication,we*reall positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.And the more we look,themore we will see that social factors（因素）like gender,race,and class do not determinethe appearance of genius.As a writer says,future geniuses come from those withintelligence,creativity,perseverance（毅力），and simple good fortune,who are able tochange the world.12.What does the author think of victors*standards for joining the genius club?A.Theyre unfair.B.TheyYe conservative.C.Theyre objective.D.Theyre strict.13.What can we infer about girls from the study in Science?A.They think themselves smart.B.They look up to great thinkers.C.They see gender differences earlier than boys.D.They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs14.Why are more geniuses known to the public?A.Improved global communication.B.Less discrimination against women.C.Acceptance of victors concepts.D.Changes in peoples social positions.15.What is the best title for the text?A.Geniuses Think AlikeB.Genius Takes Many FormsC.Genius and IntelligenceD.Genius and Luck【答案】12.A 13.D 14.A 15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章由问题“谁是天才？”引入,论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上“天才”有很多种形式，不要让思维限制了我们的“天才”能力。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的It is said that history is written by victors,and thosevictors set the standards for admission to the genius club.When contributions were madeby geniuses outside the club-women,or people of a different color or belief-they wereunacknowledged and rejected by others.（据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为进入天才俱乐部设定了标准。当俱乐部以外的天才一一女性或不同肤色或信仰的人一一做出贡献时，他们不会被承认并且被其他人拒绝）”可推知，作者认为那些“胜利者”对 进 入“天才俱乐部”设置的标准是不公平的，因为女性或者不同肤色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到承认的。故 选A。13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的Even worse,the study found that girls act on that belief.Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be fbr children who are“really,reallysmart.”（更糟糕的是,研究发现女孩们是按照这个信念行事的。六岁左右,她们开始避免那些据说是“非常非常聪明”的孩子参加的活动）”可推知，女孩容易受到社会信仰的影响，认为自己在六岁左右就不适合做“聪明孩子”做的事情。故 选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段 的In a wired world with constant global communication,were all positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear.（在个全球通讯不断的有线世界里,我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现）”可知,进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，结合文章第一段提出问题“Who is a genius?（谁是天才）”和最后一段的“As a writer says,future geniuses come from those withintelligence,creativity,perseverance,and simple geniuses,who are able to change theworld.（正如一位作家所说,未来的天才来自那些具有“智慧、创造力、毅力和那些能够改变世界的简单天才。可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大贡献的人,他们也可以是某一方面比较突出的普通人。由此可知B项“天才有多种形式”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Swap,Dont shop!You keep hearing about recycling,right?But it doesnt end with bottles,cans,andpaper.Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make,and buyingloads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy fbr the environment.So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-youYe-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothes piled on your bedroom floor?16.Its the best way to get rid of your usedclothes,score clothes from your friends,and have a party all at the same time.A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes,the organization of the event,and,obviously,how much fun is had.Its really easy to do!Here are a few pointers.Invite 5 10 people so you have a nice selection.17,and there may notbe enough things to choose from;more than that,and it becomes uncontrollable.#18 They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their newclothes home.Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room.19 Placea few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on.One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothesbefore they take them-things always look different when you put them on.Set a starting time.Maybe you say go,or turn on a certain song,or whatever.20.And dont forget to put out some cookies and fruits.Remember,its a party!A.Less people than thatB.Hold a clothing swapC.If two people are competingD.Just keep music playing throughoutE.Donate whatever clothes are left overF Have everyone put their clothes in the right spotsG.Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 答案】16.B 17.A 18.G 19.F 20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法一一衣物交换派对，以及一些具体的流程。【16题详解】根 据 上 文“So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you le-maybe-little-sick-of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor?（那么，该如何处理那些堆在卧室地板上的（看起来）完好但你可能有点厌倦的衣服呢？）”提出关于如何解决旧衣物的问题。下 文Its the best way to
