2021年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟试卷（含答案解析）.pdf

2021年普通高等学校招生统一考试（新高考）英语模拟试卷注意事项：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第 一 节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANext time your plane lands,listen to the sound of the tyres hitting the ground.The reason the tyres dontexplode is because they are made of natural rubber.The tyres of cars,motorbikes and trucks are also often madeof the same stuff.Natural rubber comes from trees,Workers cut the trunks of the trees and collect a white liquid called latex.Inthe nineteenth and early twentieth centuries,huge numbers of rubber trees were planted in countries includingMalaysia,Burma and Brazil.More than a century ago,scientists discovered how to make man-made rubber,butnatural rubber is much stronger and can last much longer.Nearly half the rubber which is produced each year isnatural rubber and there is always a need for more.Rubber trees are not easy to grow.They are affected by changes in temperature,to much or not enough rain,high winds and disease.Some trees survive while others die and ifs all down to their genes.Two Britishorganizations,the Tun Abdul Razak Research Center（TARRC）and The Genome Analysis Center（TGAC）,havebeen working together to look at rubber trees.This is the genes fit together in very long chains of DNA.Thegenome for a plant such as a rubber tree or animal needs to grow.The genome contains all the information theplant or animal needs to grow.The genome for a plant such as a rubber tree is smaller than a human genome but itis still very long,which is why it has been so difficult to find.As Ewan Mollison of TARRC says,the work hasbeen like putting a picture puzzle together where all the pieces show blue sea and blue sky.Now scientists can use the rubber tree genome to produce stronger trees.By understanding the genome,theycan change the DNA in rubber trees in useful ways.They can also do it much faster than before.In the future,itwill be possible to grow trees which survive climate change and disease.第 1 页 共 2 0 页1.What characteristics of natural rubber can be inferred from Paragraph 1?A.Inexpensive.B.Flexible C.Conductive D.Explosive.2.What made natural rubber so demanding each year?A.Quantities of rubber trees were planted in Southeast AsiaB.Rubber trees are not easily affected by the climate change.C.By now scientists havent discovered how to make man-made rubber.D.Natural rubber is much tougher and more lasting than man-made rubbei*.3.What does Ewan Mollison suggest in Paragraph 3?A.The work sounds as interesting as a picture puzzle.B.The genome of a rubber tree is as blue as sea and sky.C.The genome of a rubber tree is not easy to be identifiedD.Completing a picture puzzle with sea and sky is difficult.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.The Origin of Natural RubberB.The Application of Natural RubberC.Natural Rubber:It*s All in the genesD.Natural Rubber VS Man-made RubberBJeremy Locke,who owns a roofing and construction company in Glace Bay,Nova Scotia,had always beenwanting to repair the roof of Jeanette MacDonalds home.Whenever he drove past the womans home,he assumedthat the roof was under repair because the job had already been taken on by another group of repairmenbut asthe weeks wore on,the roof continued to worsen without any signs of repair.“I had it in my mind that if no one steps up to help this lady in our community,Td be more than happy to JLocke told CBC.When Locke finally reached out to MacDonald about fixing her roof for free,however,she politely declinedhis offer because she did not like to accept charity.That being said,she had already applied for a governmentgrant（补助金）to fix the roof and she said she was more than happy to hire Locke once her grant applicationwas approved.第 2 页 共 2 0 页Unfortunately,MacDonald never received the approval.As the stubborn（固执的）Canadian senior refused to accept any assistance from Locke,the sympatheticconstruction worker played an innocent trick in order to get her to accept his help.He invited MacDonald to entera raffle（抽奖活动）that his business was holding for a free roof.After the grandmother of-four acceptedone of the raffle tickets,Locke told her that she was the winner-because she was the only one who had enteredthe raffle.Thanks to his sweet little plan,Locke and his crew are starting work on the roof this week,which is expectedto cost his company about$9,000.MacDonald,meanwhile,told CBC that she doesn*t know how to express her gratitude to Locke,saying thathe is her“guardian angel”.Theres nobody out there like him,she added.5.What did Locke desire to do for MacDonald?A.Repair her roof.B.Find a repairman.C.Run a charity.D.Raise money.6.Why did MacDonald refuse Lockes offer initially?A.She didn*t trust him.B.She had won a raffle.C.She didn*t like free help.D.She had got an official grant.7.How did Locke finally make MacDonald change her mind?A.He persuaded her to give up her application.B.He invited her to enter his business.C.He gave her about$9,000.D.He told her a white lie.8.Which of the following words best describe Locke?A.Stubborn and tricky.B.Wealthy and innocent.C.Determined and warm-hearted.第 3 页 共 2 0 页D.Different and ambitious.CNobody likes to fail.It makes people feel embarrassed and discouraged.What*s worse,it may cause majorprofessional or personal trouble and lead to negativity.Basically,failure is no fun fbr most people.However,a vastbody of research tells us that failure provides us with a chance to grow and develop,increases adaptability,and helpsprotect against anxiety.Its hard to change the mindset（心态）of a lifetime.But even if we still cant get over the broken marriage or thefailed College Entrance Examination or the work presentation that went fearfully wrong,it might not be too late forour kids.Christy Pennison,a professional consultant,says she works with an increasing number of kids and teens whoshow significant anxiety around a fear of failure.She said,MWe want to protect our children,and we want them tolive happy and meaningful lives,so we frequently tell them the harm of failure and ask them to avoid failure.Thechildren experiencing internal and sometimes extenal pressure think they shouldnt fail.Meanwhile,we always havehigh expectations of them.So when they dont live up to a certain standard,or things dont go according to the plans,they will feel upset and anxious.Pennison argues that failures,are often the hidden learning chances that can help people develop positivequalities,like persistence,focus,flexibility,patience,and positive self-image.So what can parents do to help their children embrace（拥抱）failure instead of avoiding it at all costs?Pennison suggests directing praise towards the effort,not the result.This allows children to build confidence inthemselves,she explains.Acknowledging the effort can give children permission to try new things without a fearof failure.And the bigger picture is that the development of the mindset Td rather try and fail than not try atall.一helps them keep a belief in themselves,and expands their world of possibilities.As Pennison points out,weall fail,but how we get up after we fail is what matters.9.What aspect do most people focus on when thinking of failure?A.The great courage to face it.B.The efforts made to handle it.C.Unexpected benefits it brings.D.Unpleasant side effects it brings.10.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2?A.Bring up the main topic.第 4 页 共 2 0 页B.List the challenges in our life.C.Add some background information.D.Stress the importance of the mindset11.What is mainly talked about in the third paragraph?A.The causes of childrens anxiety.B.Christy Pennisons comments on adolescents.C.The consequences of overprotecting children.D.Christy Pennisons experience in educating children.12.Which of the following advice can help parents encourage kids to face failure?Praise kids every achievement.Make kids embrace a bright mindset.(3)Focus on the process of kids*effort Expand kids1 knowledge about the world.Encourage kids to make new attempts.A.B.C.D.D第 5 页 共 2 0 页Fantastic Photo Studk)Speciafizing in Famiy PortraitsYoull love our elegant traditional photos aswell as our more contemporary styles.Q Our Services Our stylist can help with hair and makeup.You*ll look fantastic!You can choose the style of your photos:full color,black&white,or sepia.Your pholo session will take just an hour.Your photos will be ready for pickupwithin 3 business clays,guaranteed!Cal us today at 555-4560721 to schedule an aooointmentBasic Portrait Types(Frames:$20 each)Soeciai OffersS200 Fanlaslic Backajgc Plan includes:1 Large.2 Medium,and 8 Wallet-size Singlcimagc sheets 2 Multi imagc sheets of your choice 1 frame for Iargc Singkimagc sheetFantastic Club MembershipJoin the club for just$40.and receive a 2 0%discount on alt our products andservices,including(lie Fantastic Rackage Plan,for 2 years.Anniversary SpecialHelp us celebrate Fantastic Photo Studios 20th anniversary!Receive a freegift when you have a photo session with us before December 31.13.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the studios services?A.Frames come in three different colors and sizes.B.There is no need to make an appointment to take photos.第 6 页 共 2 0 页C.Photographs will be delivered within three business days.D.Someone on the staff can help customers look good.14.How much can non-club members save when they use the Fantastic Package Plan instead of buying the sameproducts individually?A.$20.B.$30.C.$40.D.$50.15.We can learn from the text t hat.A.club members need to pay a$40 membership fee every yearB.as many as five pictures can be included in a Multi-image sheetC.customers can receive a 20th anniversary discount until December 31D.you must have a Fantastic Club membership to receive a free gift第 二 节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满 分12 5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever had a chat with Siri?Do you ask Google to play your favorite song?Have you ever hadAlexa order a pizza for dinner?16,Voice assistants are programs on digital devices that listen and respond to verbal（口头的）commands.Users can say,Whats the weather like?and the voice assistant will answer with the weather report for thatday and location.They could say,Tell me a story,1 and the assistant will jump into a tale.But how do voiceassistants understand us?A complex system of codes?An actual person listening on the other end?17.It all starts with a signal word.Have you ever called a friends name to get their attention?Users say thenames of their voice assistants for the same reason.They might say.nHey Siri!or simply,“Alexa!”18 Itsignals to the voice assistant that it should begin paying attention.After the voice assistant hears its signal word,it starts recording.The device waits for a pause to knowyouve finished your request.It then sends your recorded request over the Internet to its database.Once in thedatabase,your request is compared to other requests.19.The database then sends these commands back tothe voice assistant.Once it receives the commands,the voice assistant knows what to do next.Voice assistants are improving all the time.Have you ever asked a voice assistant for something andreceived results you didnt expect?20.That teaches the device that the command it received from its databasewas wrong.It communicates that with the database and tries to do better next time.A.The battle for voice assistant market share is fierce.第 7 页 共 2 0 页B.Whatever the signal word is,it wakes up the device.C.The answer is less complicated than you might think.D.Voice assistants are inside smart speakers in our homes.E.Each time this happens,the voice assistant learns from its mistake.F.Todays voice assistants can help you out with just about anything.G.Its split into separate commands your voice assistant can understand.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分3 0分）第 一 节（共15小题；每小题1分，满 分15分）Every year,I circle the first day of spring on our calendar.In this way,it wont slip by 21 Im notsure why 22 the calendar to announce springs arrival,since it has so little bearing on the matter.Springcomes when it*s good and ready;sometimes well before its 23 day,sometime well after.For years,spring in our town was 24 by Leon and Jo Martin,who owned the Dairy Queen.Everyyear,they would 25 the words“Now Hiring“on their sign.I would walk past to see Leon and Jo Martin26 for their spring opening.It was as 27 an indication of spring as any calendar,and after the DairyQueen was sold to an out-of-town outfit who kept it 28 all year round,it threw off our towns*circadianrhythms（昼夜节律）.29、when Johnstons grocery stone 30 selling snowplows and starts sellinglawn mowers（割草机）thats a pretty good 31 winters grip（抓紧，把手，柄）has loosened.But let us suppose Johnstons store ignores its duty and we are left 32 of springs arrival.We wouldthen have to look and see whether Bill Edd,our towns plumber（水暖工），was wearing coat.33 the firstleaf dries up and falls to the ground in autumn,Bill 34 his brown Carhartt coat and doesnt remove it untilnext spring.Tve known Bill since we were very young,so I am well acquainted with his 35.21.A.unnoticedB.unrequestedC.unrealisticD.unchallenged22.A.put awayB.learn aboutC.depend onD.make up23.A.workingB.closingC.equippedD.appointed24.A.ignoredB.indicatedC.celebratedD.interrupted25.A.postB.receiveC.exchangeD.coin26.A.searchingB.chargingC.readyingD.demanding27.A.generalB.accurateC.casualD.invisible28.A.openB.neatC.stylishD.fresh第 8 页 共 2 0 页29.A.Naturally B.SurprisinglyC.SpecificallyD.Fortunately30.A.admitsB.ceasesC.considersD.suggests31.A.signB.chanceC.functionD.preparation32.A.clearB.guiltyC.worthyD.unaware33.A.AlthoughB.WhenC.BecauseD.Until34.A.hangs upB.pulls onC.gives awayD.shows off35.A.familyB.businessC.hobbiesD.habits第 二 节(共 10小题；每小题1.5分，满 分 15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.An old man was seated in the train with his 25-year-old son.As train started,the young man was filled36.much joy and curiosity.He was seated on the window side.He stuck out one hand 37.(feel)the passing air.He shouted,Papa seeall the trees are going behind”.The old man smiled and 38.(admire)his sons emotions.There was a couple 39.were seated beside the young man.They were just sitting and listening to theconversation between the father 40.the son.They 41,(probable)thought ifs somewhat awkward,42.(observe)the 25-year-old man was behaving like a small child.Suddenly the young man again shouted,Papa see the pond and animals.Clouds are moving with the train”.The couple was watching the young man visibly embarrassed of his 43.(behave).Now it started raining and some water drops touched the young mans hand.He shouted excitedly again,“Papa its raining.The water 44.(touch)me,see papa”.The couple couldnt help themselves any longer and asked the old man,“Why dont you visit the doctor andget your son treated?”The old man said,“Yes,we were coming from the hospital.Today only my son got eyesightfirst time in 45.(he)life.v第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(